Weighted Shifts on Directed Trees

Weighted Shifts on Directed Trees
Author: Zenon Jan Jablónski
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 122
Release: 2012
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 0821868683

A new class of (not necessarily bounded) operators related to (mainly infinite) directed trees is introduced and investigated. Operators in question are to be considered as a generalization of classical weighted shifts, on the one hand, and of weighted adjacency operators, on the other; they are called weighted shifts on directed trees. The basic properties of such operators, including closedness, adjoints, polar decomposition and moduli are studied. Circularity and the Fredholmness of weighted shifts on directed trees are discussed. The relationships between domains of a weighted shift on a directed tree and its adjoint are described. Hyponormality, cohyponormality, subnormality and complete hyperexpansivity of such operators are entirely characterized in terms of their weights. Related questions that arose during the study of the topic are solved as well.

The Mathematical Writings of Évariste Galois

The Mathematical Writings of Évariste Galois
Author: Évariste Galois
Publisher: European Mathematical Society
Total Pages: 426
Release: 2011
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9783037191040

Before he died at the age of twenty, shot in a mysterious early-morning duel at the end of May 1832, Evariste Galois created mathematics that changed the direction of algebra. This book contains English translations of almost all the Galois material. The translations are presented alongside a new transcription of the original French and are enhanced by three levels of commentary. An introduction explains the context of Galois' work, the various publications in which it appears, and the vagaries of his manuscripts. Then there is a chapter in which the five mathematical articles published in his lifetime are reprinted. After that come the testamentary letter and the first memoir (in which Galois expounded on the ideas that led to Galois Theory), which are the most famous of the manuscripts. These are followed by the second memoir and other lesser known manuscripts. This book makes available to a wide mathematical and historical readership some of the most exciting mathematics of the first half of the nineteenth century, presented in its original form. The primary aim is to establish a text of what Galois wrote. The details of what he did, the proper evidence of his genius, deserve to be well understood and appreciated by mathematicians as well as historians of mathematics.

Moduli Spaces of Real Projective Structures on Surfaces

Moduli Spaces of Real Projective Structures on Surfaces
Author: Alex Casella
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2020
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9784864970969

This book is an excellent first encounter with the burgeoning field of real projective manifolds. It gives a comprehensive introduction to the theory of real projective structures on surfaces and their moduli spaces. A central theme is an attractive parameterisation of moduli space discovered by Fock and Goncharov that allows the explicit description or analysis of many key features. These include a natural Poisson structure, the effect of projective duality, holonomy representations and the geometry of ends, to name but a few.This book is written with two kinds of readers in mind: those who would like to learn about real projective surfaces or manifolds, and those who have a passing knowledge thereof but are interested in the geometric underpinnings of Fock and Goncharov's parameterisation of moduli space of certain real projective structures.The material is accessible to any mathematician interested in these topics. It is presented in a self-contained manner with minimal prerequisites. Applications of Fock and Goncharov's parameterisation of moduli space presented in this book include new proofs of results by Teichmüller (1939) concerning hyperbolic structures, by Goldman (1990) concerning closed surfaces, and by Marquis (2010) concerning structures of finite area.Published by Mathematical Society of Japan and distributed by World Scientific Publishing Co. for all markets

The Math of Life and Death

The Math of Life and Death
Author: Kit Yates
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 288
Release: 2021-04-27
Genre: MATHEMATICS
ISBN: 1982111887

"Few of us really appreciate the full power of math--the extent to which its influence is not only in every office and every home, but also in every courtroom and hospital ward. In this ... book, Kit Yates explores the true stories of life-changing events in which the application--or misapplication--of mathematics has played a critical role: patients crippled by faulty genes and entrepreneurs bankrupted by faulty algorithms; innocent victims of miscarriages of justice; and the unwitting victims of software glitches"--Publisher marketing.

Studies in Pure Mathematics

Studies in Pure Mathematics
Author: ERDÖS
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Total Pages: 741
Release: 2013-12-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3034854382

This volume, written by his friends, collaborators and students, is offered to the memory of Paul Tunin. Most of the papers they contributed discuss subjects related to his own fields of research. The wide range of topics reflects the versatility of his mathematical activity. His work has inspired many mathematicians in analytic number theory, theory of functions of a complex variable, interpolation and approximation theory, numerical algebra, differential equations, statistical group theory and theory of graphs. Beyond the influence of his deep and important results he had the exceptional ability to communicate to others his enthusiasm for mathematics. One of the strengths of Turan was to ask unusual questions that became starting points of many further results, sometimes opening up new fields of research. We hope that this volume will illustrate this aspect of his work adequately. Born in Budapest, on August 28, 1910, Paul Turan obtained his Ph. D. under L. Fejer in 1935. His love for mathematies enabled him to work even under inhuman circumstances during the darkest years of the Second World War. One of his major achievements, his power sum method originated in this period. After the war he was visiting professor in Denmark and in Princeton. In 1949 he became professor at the Eotvos Lorand University of Budapest, a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and a leading figure of the Hungarian mathematical community.

Do Dice Play God?

Do Dice Play God?
Author: Ian Stewart
Publisher: Profile Books
Total Pages: 292
Release: 2019-06-06
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 178283401X

Uncertainty is everywhere. It lurks in every consideration of the future - the weather, the economy, the sex of an unborn child - even quantities we think that we know such as populations or the transit of the planets contain the possibility of error. It's no wonder that, throughout that history, we have attempted to produce rigidly defined areas of uncertainty - we prefer the surprise party to the surprise asteroid. We began our quest to make certain an uncertain world by reading omens in livers, tea leaves, and the stars. However, over the centuries, driven by curiosity, competition, and a desire be better gamblers, pioneering mathematicians and scientists began to reduce wild uncertainties to tame distributions of probability and statistical inferences. But, even as unknown unknowns became known unknowns, our pessimism made us believe that some problems were unsolvable and our intuition misled us. Worse, as we realized how omnipresent and varied uncertainty is, we encountered chaos, quantum mechanics, and the limitations of our predictive power. Bestselling author Professor Ian Stewart explores the history and mathematics of uncertainty. Touching on gambling, probability, statistics, financial and weather forecasts, censuses, medical studies, chaos, quantum physics, and climate, he makes one thing clear: a reasonable probability is the only certainty.

John Von Neumann, 1903-1957

John Von Neumann, 1903-1957
Author: J. C. Oxtoby
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 142
Release: 1966-12-31
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780821896792

This is Bulletin , Volume 64, Number 3, Part II, May 1958. A memorial to the late John von Neumann edited by J. C. Oxtoby, B. J. Pettis and E. B. Price.