Algebraic Foundations of Many-Valued Reasoning

Algebraic Foundations of Many-Valued Reasoning
Author: R.L. Cignoli
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 238
Release: 2013-03-09
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9401594805

This unique textbook states and proves all the major theorems of many-valued propositional logic and provides the reader with the most recent developments and trends, including applications to adaptive error-correcting binary search. The book is suitable for self-study, making the basic tools of many-valued logic accessible to students and scientists with a basic mathematical knowledge who are interested in the mathematical treatment of uncertain information. Stressing the interplay between algebra and logic, the book contains material never before published, such as a simple proof of the completeness theorem and of the equivalence between Chang's MV algebras and Abelian lattice-ordered groups with unit - a necessary prerequisite for the incorporation of a genuine addition operation into fuzzy logic. Readers interested in fuzzy control are provided with a rich deductive system in which one can define fuzzy partitions, just as Boolean partitions can be defined and computed in classical logic. Detailed bibliographic remarks at the end of each chapter and an extensive bibliography lead the reader on to further specialised topics.

Philanthropic Foundations

Philanthropic Foundations
Author: Ellen Condliffe Lagemann
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Total Pages: 518
Release: 1999-07-22
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9780253112941

"Foundations are socially and politically significant, but this simple fact... has mostly been ignored by students of American history.... This collection represents an important contribution to an emerging field." -- Kenneth Prewitt, Social Science Research Council

Private Foundations

Private Foundations
Author: Bruce R. Hopkins
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 896
Release: 2014-06-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 111853249X

Stay updated on the latest tax regulations with this private foundation tax manual Knowledge of tax regulations surrounding private foundations isn't enough if you're an executive of such an organization or a professional supporting a tax-exempt foundation. Annual changes to IRS rules and increased scrutiny by regulators mean it's necessary for you to keep abreast of myriad changes that come into existence each year. From authors Bruce R. Hopkins and Jody Blazek comes the definitive guide for those responsible for guiding the financial and tax filing operations of private foundations. The complexity of tax regulations related to private foundations extends to a level that is out of proportion to the relatively small number of such entities. Nonetheless, recent statutory requirements that apply solely to private foundations can make untangling filing and reporting activities overly burdensome without a developed knowledge of the underlying theory and practice. To navigate this maze of add-on regulations, Hopkins and Blazek provide background knowledge, in-depth explanations of regulatory changes, and real-world examples to bring as much simplicity to the process as possible. Receive guidance from the 2007 Outstanding Nonprofit Lawyer Award recipient Learn about the details of private foundation taxes from leading experts in the field Make use of checklists and sample documents to prepare organizational filings Utilize line-by-line instructions for completing exemption applications and forms For professionals working closely with private foundations, including accountants, lawyers, and foundation executives, Private Foundations: Tax Law and Compliance, 4th Edition is a welcome resource for keeping your clients or your organization on the right track. Brings clarity, real-world examples, and checklists to help professionals deal with the burdensome process of complying with IRS regulations governing private foundations Clarifies the underlying logic behind statutory tax regulations governing private foundations and the practical implications of maintaining compliance Supplemented annually online to keep subscribers up-to-date on relevant changes in IRS forms requirements, and related tax procedures Includes easy-to-use checklists highlighting such critical concerns as tax-exempt eligibility and tax compliance Offers line-by-line instructions for completing a variety of exemption applications and tax forms“/li> Features sample documents, letters of application, completed forms and practice aids summarizing the differences between public and private charitable organizations

The Future of Foundations

The Future of Foundations
Author: Fritz F. Heimann
Publisher: The American Assembly
Total Pages: 16
Release: 1973
Genre: Social Science
ISBN:

SCOTT (Copy 1): From the John Holmes Library Collection.

Laying the Foundations

Laying the Foundations
Author: Andrew Couldwell
Publisher: Owl Studios
Total Pages: 268
Release: 2019-10-16
Genre: Computers
ISBN:

Laying the Foundations is a comprehensive guide to creating, documenting, and maintaining design systems, and how to design websites and products systematically. It's an ideal book for web designers and product designers (of all levels) and especially design teams. Paperback ISBN: 9780578540030 This is real talk about creating design systems and digital brand guidelines. No jargon, no glossing over the hard realities, and no company hat. Just good advice, experience, and practical tips. System design is not a scary thing — this book aims to dispel that myth. It covers what design systems are, why they are important, and how to get stakeholder buy-in to create one. It introduces you to a simple model, and two very different approaches to creating a design system. What's unique about this book is its focus on the importance of brand in design systems, web design, product design, and when creating documentation. It's a comprehensive guide that’s simple to follow and easy on the eye.

Foundation

Foundation
Author: Isaac Asimov
Publisher: Spectra
Total Pages: 255
Release: 2004-06-01
Genre: Fiction
ISBN: 055390034X

The first novel in Isaac Asimov’s classic science-fiction masterpiece, the Foundation series THE EPIC SAGA THAT INSPIRED THE APPLE TV+ SERIES FOUNDATION • Nominated as one of America’s best-loved novels by PBS’s The Great American Read For twelve thousand years the Galactic Empire has ruled supreme. Now it is dying. But only Hari Seldon, creator of the revolutionary science of psychohistory, can see into the future—to a dark age of ignorance, barbarism, and warfare that will last thirty thousand years. To preserve knowledge and save humankind, Seldon gathers the best minds in the Empire—both scientists and scholars—and brings them to a bleak planet at the edge of the galaxy to serve as a beacon of hope for future generations. He calls his sanctuary the Foundation. The Foundation novels of Isaac Asimov are among the most influential in the history of science fiction, celebrated for their unique blend of breathtaking action, daring ideas, and extensive worldbuilding. In Foundation, Asimov has written a timely and timeless novel of the best—and worst—that lies in humanity, and the power of even a few courageous souls to shine a light in a universe of darkness.

Foundation

Foundation
Author: D. G. Leahy
Publisher: SUNY Press
Total Pages: 716
Release: 1996-01-01
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 9780791420225

This book presents the ontological and logical foundation of a new form of thinking, the beginning of an “absolute phenomenology.” It does so in the context of the history of thought in Europe and America. It explores the ramifications of a categorically new logic. Thinkers dealt with include Plato, Galileo, Hegel, Kierkegaard, Marx, Nietzsche, Husserl, Heidegger, Peirce, James, Dewey, Derrida, McDermott, and Altizer.

Turkish Foundations in Rhodes and Kos

Turkish Foundations in Rhodes and Kos
Author: Mustafa Kaymakçı, Cihan Özgün, Fırat Yaldız
Publisher: EĞİTİM YAYINEVİ
Total Pages: 304
Release: 2019-10-02
Genre: Education
ISBN: 6057786130

Turks living in the Aegean islands of Rhodes and Kos under Greek sovereignty have a multitude of problems at present. These can be summarized under various headings such as Citizenship, the Right to Education in Turkish, Free Practice of Religion, Environment of Hatred and Oppression, Foundations (Waqfs) and Protection of Cultural Heritage Inherited from the Ottoman Turks. Greece has been implementing various policies for the cultural assimilation of Island Turks. Part of cultural assimilation policies adopted by Greece was its actions towards cutting off all ties between the Turkish foundations and island Turks, and consequently destroying architectural monuments inherited from the Ottomans. It is known that establishment of the foundations on the islands started with the Ottoman conquest of Rhodes and Kos in 1522. Over the centuries, foundations led to the development of a feeling of unity and solidarity among the island Turks. Foundations have provided opportunities for island Turks in important areas from worship services to education and has also contributed to the preservation of common traditions. After the end of the Second World War, the island was assigned to the sovereignty of Greece in 1947, Greece started launching a policy for the gradual destruction of Muslim Turkish foundations. Unlike other foundations in Greece, foundations in Rhodes and Kos are subject to heavy taxes in addition to the same property taxes as commercial institutions. On the other hand, the Greek governments compelled the foundations to sell part of their properties by continuously forcing the Foundation Administration to make huge payments. By dwindling the Turkish foundations, Greece has been trying to bring the Turkish presence in Rhodes and Kos to an end. In summary, the Turks living in Rhodes and Kos today are on the brink of losing their Turkishness let alone preserving their cultural identity, including foundations. An atmosphere of fear prevails among the island Turks and they feel intimidated. We wish that the book Turkish Foundations in Rhodes and Kos will be beneficial to researchers who will conduct studies on this subject and also raise awareness in the international arena on the assimilation policies implemented by Greece.

Policy Analysis in the United States

Policy Analysis in the United States
Author: John A. Hird
Publisher: Policy Press
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2018-02-21
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1447333829

Policy Analysis in the United States gathers a group of original contributions by scholars and leading practitioners of public policy analysis. Originating in the United States, the field of public policy analysis has affected nations around the world and been enhanced by contributions of scholars and practitioners in other regions, but it remains most highly developed and practiced in education and government here. This volume explores the nature of policy analysis in different sectors and at different levels of government, as well as by nongovernmental actors, such as unions, businesses, NGOs, and the media.