Managerial Incentives and Takeover Wealth Gains

Managerial Incentives and Takeover Wealth Gains
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2006
Genre: Consolidation and merger of corporations
ISBN:

This study examines the relationship between managerial equity incentives and takeover wealth gains both for target and acquirer firms. Although there is some research about the effect of acquirer managers' incentives on acquirer wealth gains, this paper is one of the first to investigate the effect of target managers' incentives on the wealth effects of target firms in corporate takeovers. In addition, prior research has focused on the alignment effect of equity incentives in takeovers. However, takeovers provide an opportunity to liquidate personal equity portfolio for managers who hold an undiversified portfolio of their firms' stock. In this study, I identify two hypotheses that potentially explain the effect of target managers' incentives on wealth gains. While incentive alignment hypothesis predicts a positive relationship, diversification driven-liquidity hypothesis predicts a negative relationship between target managerial incentives and target wealth gains. I use a sample of 656 successful and 104 failed acquisitions over the period 1994-2003 to test these competing hypotheses. I find that for targets that are less (more) diversified, equity incentives are negatively (positively) related to wealth effects. I also find that the target managerial incentives increase the success probability of a takeover bid and this positive effect is less pronounced for diversified target managers. Based on these results, I conclude that incentive alignment argument is dominated by liquidity argument in less diversified target firms, however, holds in diversified firms. For acquirer managers, I do not find any evidence that supports incentive alignment or diversification arguments.

Managing through Incentives

Managing through Incentives
Author: Richard B. McKenzie
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 348
Release: 1998-09-24
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0198027990

Incentives are the most powerful tools executives can use to improve worker performance. This is particularly true in today's empowered workplace, where incentives can ensure that workers apply their initiative toward company goals. Now, in this groundbreaking book, Richard McKenzie and Dwight Lee show how to select the right incentives and how to use them for best results. Generously illustrated with examples from business, industry, government, academia, and professional sports, this superb volume offers a comprehensive overview of incentives, both in theory and in practice, providing a wealth of ideas managers can use to get employees to work harder, smarter, and more cooperatively. Much of the book is quite eye-opening. For instance, while McKenzie and Lee recognize that money is the prime motivator, they urge managers not to overlook the power of non-monetary incentives, carefully evaluating such motivators as fringe benefits, psychological incentives, education, and training. And they examine a host of other issues, including how to take advantage of executive "overpayment" to increase profits; the limits of piece-rate and other pay-for-performance schemes; finding the right balance between current pay and a more generous pension plan; the value of tough bosses; and hostile takeovers as a form of managerial incentive. How workers are rewarded is often more important than how much they are rewarded, say the authors. The job of good managers is getting the incentives right. Managing Through Incentives shows managers how to apply proven motivators to help any size firm energize the work force, increase its profits, and meet the awesome challenges of today's fiercely competitive global economy.

Takeover Activity, Valuation Estimates and Merger Gains

Takeover Activity, Valuation Estimates and Merger Gains
Author: Bjørn Espen Eckbo
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 863
Release: 2010-06-02
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0123847451

A selection of republished corporate finance articles and book chapters that can serve as an advanced corporate finance supplementary text for courses that use no textbooks. Combining convenience and an affordable price with retypeset pages and a high-quality index, the 600 pages of volume one, Takeover Activity, Valuation Estimates and Merger Gains, focus on classical issues such as the existence and source of merger waves, empirical estimates of takeover announcement returns and the division of takeover gains between bidders and targets, and tests for potential sources of takeover gains (primarily involving estimation of industry wealth effects of takeovers), introducing students to modern scientific evidence about corporate takeovers. Including an index and new introduction, this volume will simplify and facilitate students' interaction with new concepts and applications. - Provides a status report about modern scientific evidence on corporate takeovers - Exposes students to new methods and empirical evidence while reading high quality primary material - Offers a concise and cost-efficient package of journal and book articles for advanced corporate finance students

Impact of Takeover Defenses on Managerial Incentives - Evidence from Copenhagen Stock Exchange

Impact of Takeover Defenses on Managerial Incentives - Evidence from Copenhagen Stock Exchange
Author: Caspar Rose
Publisher:
Total Pages: 34
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN:

The article studies how takeover defenses influence managerial incentives with respect to long term investments, excess liquidity and the amount of debt relative to equity. The article conducts a cross sectional regression based on a sample of Danish listed firms, dealing explictly with the problem of causation between the variables. Takeover defenses adopted by Danish firms mainly consists of shares with dual class voting rights often in combination with foundation ownership. The article finds that protected firms have significantly less debt to equity. However, protected firms are not significantly more oriented towards the long term and do not have significantly more excess liquidity.

Bidding Strategies, Financing and Control

Bidding Strategies, Financing and Control
Author: Bjørn Espen Eckbo
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 1088
Release: 2010-03-12
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0123846900

A selection of republished corporate finance articles and book chapters that can serve as an advanced corporate finance supplementary text for courses that use no textbooks. Combining convenience and an affordable price with retypeset pages and a high-quality index, the 600 pages of volume two, "Bidding Strategies, Financing, and Corporate Control", focus on a range of special topics, ranging from theories and evidence on strategic bidding behavior (offer premiums, toeholds, bidder competition, winner's curse adjustments, and managerial overconfidence), issues arising when bidding for targets in bankruptcy auctions, effects of deal protection devices (termination agreements, poison pills), role of large shareholder voting in promoting takeover gains, deal financing issues (such as raising the cash used to pay for the target), managerial incentive effects of takeovers, governance spillovers from cross-border mergers, and returns to merger arbitrage. Including an index and new introduction, this volume will simplify and facilitate students' interaction with new concepts and applications. - Provides a status report about modern scientific evidence on corporate takeovers - Exposes students to new methods and empirical evidence while reading high quality primary material - Offers a concise and cost-efficient package of journal and book articles for advanced corporate finance students

Managing Through Incentives

Managing Through Incentives
Author: Richard B. McKenzie
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 348
Release: 1998
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0195119010

This text explains how firms can improve the performance of the people on whom they depend - workers, customers, suppliers, stockholders - by managing the incentives system better. The author argues that incentives are not just a matter of money, but a range of factors which provide a set of rewards that encourage people to work towards a common goal of organizational success.

Corporate Takeovers

Corporate Takeovers
Author: Alan J. Auerbach
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 354
Release: 2013-12-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0226032167

The takeover boom that began in the mid-1980s has exhibited many phenomena not previously observed, such as hostile takeovers and takeover defenses, a widespread use of cash as a means of payment for targeted firms, and the acquisitions of companies ranking among the largest in the country. With the aim of more fully understanding the implications of such occurances, contributors to this volume consider a broad range of issues as they analyze mergers and acquisitions and study the takeoveer process itself.