Pyramids and Literature in Ancient Egypt

Pyramids and Literature in Ancient Egypt
Author: Asher Benowitz
Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS
Total Pages: 123
Release:
Genre: History
ISBN:

Pyramids have been around for thousands of years, but we still don't know exactly how they were built. The oldest pyramids are found at Giza and Saqqara. The Great Pyramid at Giza is one of the Seven Wonders of the World and was built during the fourth dynasty (2575-2150 BC). During this time, there was also an increase in writing, literature, and artisanship. The Westcar Papyrus tells us of three royal women who lived during the 4th dynasty: Khufu's mother Henutsen, his wife Hetepheres I, and her sister Meresankh II. The latter was also his daughter-in-law because she married his son Khafre (ruled 2558–2532 BC). She may have been buried inside this pyramid when she died at age 26. The first hieroglyphic text was written on papyrus in about 3100 B.C. It is from a chapter from The Book Of Journey To Heaven (called book 6), which describes how Ra travels with Thoth as they visit each nome (district) throughout Egypt during a period called "the Festival Of Night," where they praise Osiris while traveling through space towards his underworld kingdom every year at midnight between June 21st/22nd - July 21st/22nd when Orion rises as Sirius sets below it just before dawn on these days known later as Dog Days because dogs often suffer heat exhaustion then too due to lack of moisture caused by intense sunlight reflecting off asphalt surfaces like sidewalks or blacktop parking lots heating up too much due to all that reflected energy bouncing back into our faces which makes us sweat which causes dehydration if we don't drink enough water!

Art, Architecture, and Temples in Ancient Egypt

Art, Architecture, and Temples in Ancient Egypt
Author: Ezra Ivanov
Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS
Total Pages: 154
Release: 2022-07-25
Genre: History
ISBN:

Ancient Egyptian art and architecture are fascinating, beautiful, and complex. I've always been fascinated by the pyramids of Egypt and how they were built. They are incredible feats of engineering—but also religious centers where worshipers would go to pray and make offerings to their gods. In addition to temples, there were also tombs for royalty (known as mastabas) and commoners (known as shaft tombs), which were all made with an eye toward eternal life. Ancient Egyptian gods and goddesses were important in Egyptian culture. They were often represented in art or architecture and played an integral role in daily life. Though the god Osiris was known to be king of the dead, he did not hold the same power as other gods such as Ra or Hathor (a cow-headed goddess). The priesthoods of these deities generally ruled over specific cities or professions; for example, priests at a temple dedicated to Amun would preside over all matters related to agriculture. Such temples were built throughout Egypt's history; one example is Deir el-Bahari (meaning "monastery of the northern valley"), which served as both a royal mortuary temple and monastery for Nefertari during her lifetime. Many structures built during this period reflect traditional architectural practices: thick columns made from stone support large roof beams made from wood; outer walls are covered with painted plaster decorated with scenes depicting daily life—for example, artists working on wall paintings inside temples such as this one often described themselves taking part in those very activities! You may have heard that pyramids were built as tombs for pharaohs, but there's more to it. The pharaohs were buried in the Valley of the Kings, part of the Great Pyramids complex. The pyramids are made up of stone blocks of limestone, built with ramps rather than cranes or scaffolding so that workers could move them into place. In terms of shape, they're somewhere between a cube and a cone; this helps keep them stable during construction and makes them look good from afar! Temples were the most important buildings in ancient Egypt. They were places of worship and learning, government, and justice. The temple was the most important place for any Egyptian because it was where people could connect with their gods and get guidance on how to lead a good life.

Ancient Divine Ceremonies in the Temples of Egypt

Ancient Divine Ceremonies in the Temples of Egypt
Author: Ezra Ivanov
Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS
Total Pages: 120
Release:
Genre: History
ISBN:

As every growth of seed from seed is followed by destruction, so every birth of living flesh is followed by its death, and all that decays is regenerated by the measured courses of the gods circling in the heavens. -Hermetica: Libellus III, 4 Spiritual practices are founded upon a liturgy that articulates their cosmology, philosophy, and metaphysical goals. The spiritual tradition of Egypt provides us with hundreds of examples of prayers, invocations, and litanies that were carefully recorded to be used in the Temple and tomb. In addition to these writings, the rubrics (instructions or rules) also explain how the liturgy should be used. In the extended history of ancient Egypt, liturgical programs rarely changed. They were honored for their veracity, correctness, and power, as the ceremonial acts performed in temples and tombs were said to date back to antiquity. According to this belief, the walls of each temple record the liturgies, the daily, and seasonal festivals, and the historical antecedents or founding events of each individual Neter's sanctuary. At Edfu, the legendary Imhotep, a sage and healer in Dynasty 3, presided over the founding ceremony of the Temple. A morning litany is also inscribed in the hall of appearances, sung by the kheneru each day to open the Temple. Holy days are recorded on calendars at Karnak, Esna, and Abydos to be observed. Overall, the timing, location, and acts responsible for spiritually maintaining the Temple determined its activity throughout the ages. Using the solar calendar in conjunction with the following liturgy can create an annual cycle of twelve ceremonies (lru). The monthly observances are based on an orderly solar cosmogony of Heliopolis. Each Neter comprises twelve different rites (Khesu) that reflect the ancient Temple's proper protocol. Consequently, they contribute to developing a conscious, vital interface among the human, divine, and natural realms. Each of the Iru ceremonies includes the standard Khesu rites. In addition, each ceremony includes a festival to honor the specific powers of the Neter of the season (Hebu). Depending on the time and resources available to the modern Temple, these observances may be tailored to fit the occasion. Indeed, It is possible to elaborate on the Iru ceremonies if they occur in conjunction with several cosmic events, for example a New Moon that coincides with the Sun's entry into a new zodiac sign. In addition to the regular offerings and activities for the temple family, special observances may include the production of temple oil and amulets or a communal meal instead of the reversion of offerings.

Legends of the Ancient Egyptian Record Keepers

Legends of the Ancient Egyptian Record Keepers
Author: LEARN ALCHEMICAL EDITORS
Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS
Total Pages: 139
Release:
Genre: History
ISBN:

In this Book, the tales of the ancient gods of ancient Egypt are told, legends that circulated during the time described by the Egyptians as the "morning of the world," initially carved in stone and preserved on papyrus for millennia until today. In addition to compelling interest in ancient Egypt's religion and culture, this Book also fuels the imagination about the lost knowledge of the Egyptians. Each ancient piece of literature in the Book has notes for the more scientific reader, though it is intended for the layman. A collection of great scholars has translated the origin of the legend, the Book, or the books in which the original may be found, and the papyrus texts into one of the modern languages. Other multitudes of translations are available in specialist libraries; however, many are only helpful to those who study the Egyptian language and literature. The legends are ordered as follows: first, come to the stories of various gods, then Osiris and the deities associated with him, and finally Ra. The myths and the gods that appear in them give you a fascinating picture in your mind.

Wild Cats of the World

Wild Cats of the World
Author: Luke Hunter
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 242
Release: 2015-10-22
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 1472922859

Wild Cats of the World provides detailed accounts for all 38 species of wild cat accompanied by magnificent artwork and stunning photography. From the rabbit-sized Black-footed Cat of southern Africa to bear-killing Amur tigers of the Russian Far East, the 38 members of the Cat Family include some of the world's most fascinating and magnificent species on earth. Supremely adapted for the kill, all cats are obligate carnivores; they survive only by preying upon other animals, and they have become one of evolution's most successful predatory lineages of mammals. Wild Cats of the World explores the spectacular Cat Family in unprecedented depth. Drawing on thousands of scientific papers and direct observations in the field, each species is profiled at length, covering all aspects of felid behaviour and ecology. The book is profusely illustrated with colour plates, black-and-white sketches showing important aspects of cat life and accurate images of every species' skull. Over 400 spectacular photographs are included, many of them showing extremely rare and little-known cats published here for the first time. Each profile includes an up-to-date range map and explains the most current science on how cats are classified and related to each other, including some very recent, surprising discoveries. Despite their great evolutionary success, the challenges facing felids in the modern world are profound. Only one, the ubiquitous domestic cat, does not require dedicated conservation action to ensure survival for the next century. The book also explores the current conservation issues facing wild cats, the increasingly perilous status of many species and how they can be saved.

Walker's Carnivores of the World

Walker's Carnivores of the World
Author: Ronald M. Nowak
Publisher: JHU Press
Total Pages: 338
Release: 2005-01-07
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 9780801880339

Although they are highly intelligent, ruthless predators, carnivores are increasingly rare. From the dwarf mongoose to the polar bear, carnivores are at once respected and misunderstood, invoking both fear and curiosity in the humans with whom they share their world. Ronald M. Nowak celebrates these fascinating mammals in Walker's Carnivores of the World. This comprehensive guide, featuring 225 illustrations, covers the world's eight terrestrial families of carnivores. Each generic account comprises scientific and common names, number and distribution of species, physical attributes, measurements, hunting and social activity, reproduction, habitat, population dynamics, longevity, and status of threatened species. A thought-provoking overview by David W. Macdonald and Roland W. Kays is packed with results of the latest field and laboratory research on topics ranging from evolutionary history to the adaptive value of fur patterns. Emphasizing the interplay of social life, morphology, and predatory behavior, it provides an up-to-date panorama of the world's carnivores.