Making Sense of DNA Backlogs, 2010

Making Sense of DNA Backlogs, 2010
Author: Mark Nelson
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Total Pages: 20
Release: 2011
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1437941176

Federal funding made available by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) through the DNA Initiative helped state and local governments significantly increase the capacity of their DNA laboratories between 2005 and 2008. At the same time, the demand for DNA testing continues to outstrip the capacity of crime laboratories to process these cases. This report addresses the issue that crime laboratories are processing more cases than ever before, but their expanded capacity has not been able to meet the increased demand. The report examines what a backlog is and how backlogs can be reduced. Charts and tables.

Making Sense of DNA Backlogs

Making Sense of DNA Backlogs
Author: Mark Nelson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 20
Release: 2010
Genre: Crime
ISBN:

Defines what a DNA backlog is, explains why the demand for DNA testing is increasing, and what is being done to reduce and eliminate the backlog.

Victimology

Victimology
Author: Idaho Coalition Against Sexual and Domestic Violence
Publisher: Aspen Publishing
Total Pages: 783
Release: 2016-10-07
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1454861355

Victimology: Crime Victimization and Victim Services¿ is a text written for undergraduate students that provides a broad overview of the theoretical basis of victimology, and the role of victimology in today's criminal justice system. This multidisciplinary approach to crime victimization, crime victims, and victim services includes chapters written by authors from a variety of disciplines: criminal justice and criminology, counseling, nursing, social work, nonprofit organizations, law, student affairs, and public policy. Within each chapter, chapter highlights provide more in-depth information on a central concept, spotlights on pioneers in the field, and real world applications that demonstrate how the topic is currently being addressed in communities across the country. The authors' goal was to provide a more holistic perspective that is grounded in how theories arose from the real world experiences of victims in one cohesive text.

The Routledge International Handbook of Biosocial Criminology

The Routledge International Handbook of Biosocial Criminology
Author: Matt DeLisi
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 1110
Release: 2014-12-05
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1317936736

Biosocial criminology is an interdisciplinary field that aims to explain crime and antisocial behavior by exploring both biological factors and environmental factors. Since the mapping of the human genome, scientists have been able to study the biosocial causes of human behaviour with the greatest specificity. After decades of almost exclusive sociological focus, criminology has undergone a paradigm shift where the field is more interdisciplinary and this book combines perspectives from criminology and sociology with contributions from fields such as genetics, neuropsychology, and evolutionary psychology. The Routledge International Handbook of Biosocial Criminology is the largest and most comprehensive work of its kind, and is organized into five sections that collectively span the terrain of biosocial research on antisocial behavior. Bringing together leading experts from around the world, this book considers the criminological, genetic and neuropsychological foundations of offending, as well as the legal and criminal justice applications of biosocial criminological theory. The handbook is essential reading for students, researchers, and practitioners from across the social, behavioural, and natural sciences who are engaged in the study of antisocial behaviour.

Stanford Law Review: Volume 63, Issue 4 - April 2011

Stanford Law Review: Volume 63, Issue 4 - April 2011
Author: Stanford Law Review
Publisher: Quid Pro Books
Total Pages: 500
Release: 2011-05-10
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1610270681

This issue of the Stanford Law Review contains studies of law, history, and social policy by recognized scholars on such diverse topics as fixing unfair contracts (by Omri Ben-Shahar), using DNA forensics to identify family members in criminal cases and other legal matters (by Natalie Ram), and the ethics of lawyers holding onto real evidence such as guns,tapes, and drugs (by Stephen Gillers). In addition, extensive student work explores the history of religious freedom and the First Amendment, as well as the use of amicus curiae briefs in the Supreme Court after an opinion below is abandoned by a party. The Stanford Law Review was organized in 1948. Each year the Law Review publishes one volume, which appears in six separate issues between December and July. Each issue contains material written by student members of the Law Review, other Stanford law students, and outside contributors, such as law professors, judges, and practicing lawyers. The current volume is 63, for the academic year 2010-2011, and the present compilation, in ebook form, represents Issue 4 for April 2011. In the ebook editions, all footnotes, graphs, and Tables of Contents (including those for individual articles) are fully linked, properly scaled, and functional; the original note numbering is retained; and the issue is properly formatted.

Toward a Comparison of DNA Profiling and Databases in the United States and England

Toward a Comparison of DNA Profiling and Databases in the United States and England
Author: Jeremiah E. Goulka
Publisher: Rand Corporation
Total Pages: 32
Release: 2010
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0833051601

RAND researchers explored the U.S. and English forensic DNA analysis systems to find out whether England has capitalized more fully on their crime-fighting potential than the U.S. system, processing samples more quickly and providing more database hits for law enforcement.

Sexual Assault Kits and Reforming the Response to Rape

Sexual Assault Kits and Reforming the Response to Rape
Author: Rachel E. Lovell
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 542
Release: 2022-11-11
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1000780287

Sexual Assault Kits and Reforming the Response to Rape curates the current state of untested sexual assault kit research and highlights emerging best practices by exploring the past, the present, and the future of our collective response to rape. This book is the first to address the most critical topics related to untested sexual assault kits and the Department of Justice’s Sexual Assault Kit Initiative, bringing together leading US scholars, practitioners, policy makers, and survivors. In a series of well-researched and thoughtful thematic chapters, the book explores the current state of knowledge related to untested kits, survivors, and perpetrators, while also documenting fundamental and necessary changes in how societal systems respond to rape. It provides an opportunity to learn from our past, highlight what we could do differently now, and envision a better future for victims of rape and those tasked with ensuring justice. It may also serve as a cautionary tale for those jurisdictions that have yet to face their backlog or who have failed to embrace the practice and policy changes that have emerged from the Sexual Assault Kit Initiative. Sexual Assault Kits and Reforming the Response to Rape is essential reading for practitioners (including law enforcement, prosecutors, victim advocates, mental health providers, forensic nurses, and forensic scientists), stakeholders, legislators, and policy makers. It will also be of interest to upper-level students and scholars working on interpersonal violence, gender-based violence, and forensic nursing in social/behavioral science fields.

Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences

Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 2253
Release: 2012-12-28
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0123821665

Forensic science includes all aspects of investigating a crime, including: chemistry, biology and physics, and also incorporates countless other specialties. Today, the service offered under the guise of "forensic science’ includes specialties from virtually all aspects of modern science, medicine, engineering, mathematics and technology. The Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is a reference source that will inform both the crime scene worker and the laboratory worker of each other’s protocols, procedures and limitations. Written by leading scientists in each area, every article is peer reviewed to establish clarity, accuracy, and comprehensiveness. As reflected in the specialties of its Editorial Board, the contents covers the core theories, methods and techniques employed by forensic scientists – and applications of these that are used in forensic analysis. This 4-volume set represents a 30% growth in articles from the first edition, with a particular increase in coverage of DNA and digital forensics Includes an international collection of contributors The second edition features a new 21-member editorial board, half of which are internationally based Includes over 300 articles, approximately 10pp on average Each article features a) suggested readings which point readers to additional sources for more information, b) a list of related Web sites, c) a 5-10 word glossary and definition paragraph, and d) cross-references to related articles in the encyclopedia Available online via SciVerse ScienceDirect. Please visit www.info.sciencedirect.com for more information This new edition continues the reputation of the first edition, which was awarded an Honorable Mention in the prestigious Dartmouth Medal competition for 2001. This award honors the creation of reference works of outstanding quality and significance, and is sponsored by the RUSA Committee of the American Library Association

Support for Forensic Science Research

Support for Forensic Science Research
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 150
Release: 2015-11-03
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0309376483

Reliable and valid forensic science analytic techniques are critical to a credible, fair, and evidence-based criminal justice system. There is widespread agreement that the scientific foundation of some currently available forensic science methods needs strengthening and that additional, more efficient techniques are urgently needed. These needs can only be met through sustained research programs explicitly designed to ensure and improve the reliability and validity of current methods and to foster the development and use of new and better techniques. This task is challenging due to the broad nature of the field. Concerns have been raised repeatedly about the ability of the criminal justice system to collect and analyze evidence efficiently and to be fair in its verdicts. Although significant progress has been made in some forensic science disciplines, the forensic science community still faces many challenges. Federal leadership, particularly in regard to research and the scientific validation of forensic science methods, is needed to help meet the pressing issues facing state and local jurisdictions. This report reviews the progress made by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) to advance forensic science research since the 2009 report, Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward and the 2010 report, Strengthening the National Institute of Justice. Support for Forensic Science Research examines the ways in which NIJ develops its forensic science research priorities and communicates those priorities as well as its findings to the scientific and forensic practitioner communities in order to determine the impact of NIJ forensic science research programs and how that impact can be enhanced.