Macroeconomic Instability And Coordination
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| Author | : Axel Leijonhufvud |
| Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 400 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9781781008393 |
Axel Leijonhufvud has made a unique contribution to the development of macroeconomic theory. This volume draws together his insightful essays dealing with the extremes of economic instability: great depressions, high inflation and the transition from socialism to a market economy. In several of the papers, Leijonhufvud brings a neo-institutionalist perspective to the problems of coordination in economic systems. The papers within Macroeconomic Instability and Coordination some of them already considered classics, deal with the questions that dominated Leijonhufvud's interest throughout his career as an economist: what are the limits to an economy's capacity to coordinate the activities of its members? How does the behavior of the system change under extreme conditions? In what ways does its performance depend upon the institutions that govern the market process?
| Author | : Michaël Assous |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 253 |
| Release | : 2022-01-31 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3030903109 |
This book offers a fresh perspective on the early history of macroeconomics, by examining the macro-dynamic models developed from the late 1920s to the late 1940s, and their treatment of economic instability. It first explores the differences and similarities between the early mathematical business cycle models developed by Ragnar Frisch, Michal Kalecki, Jan Tinbergen and others, which were presented at meetings of the Econometric Society and discussed in private correspondence. By doing so, it demonstrates the diversity of models representing economic phenomena and especially economic crises and instability. Jan Tinbergen emerged as one of the most original and pivotal economists of this period, before becoming a leader of the macro-econometric movement, a role for which he is better known. His emphasis on economic policy was later mirrored in the United States in Paul Samuelson’s early work on business cycles analysis, which, drawing on Alvin Hansen, aimed at interpreting the 1937-1938 recession. The authors then show that the subsequent shift in Samuelson's approach, from the study of business cycle trajectories to the comparison of equilibrium points, provided a response to the econometricians' critique of early Keynesian models. In the early 1940s, Samuelson was able to link together the tools that had been developed by the econometricians and the economic content that was at the heart of the so-called Keynesian revolution. The problem then shifted from business cycle trajectories to the disequilibrium between economic aggregates, and the issues raised by the global stability of full employment equilibrium. This was addressed by Oskar Lange, who presented an analysis of market coordination failures, and Lawrence Klein, Samuelson's first PhD student, who pursued empirical work in this direction. The book highlights the various visions and approaches that were embedded in these macro-dynamic models, and that their originality is of interest to today's model builders as well as to students and anyone interested in how new economic ideas come to be developed.
| Author | : Theresa Petra Hauck |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 72 |
| Release | : 2016-09-14 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3668298351 |
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2016 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: 1,0, University of Bamberg, language: English, abstract: The financial crisis and the subsequent European sovereign debt crisis have highlighted the high degree of interdependence among EMU member states. The crisis period made much more clear that a macroeconomic policy coordination framework is indispensable as there is great sensibility and high risk for contagion effects. The structure of EMU in its highest level of integration as of one monetary authority vis-à-vis many fiscal authorities brings about several specific aspects regarding coordination. In order to achieve and ensure economic stability in such a unique constellation there have been established several measures and frameworks with the Stability and Growth Pact as the centre point. Designed on the grounds of and motivated by the objective of stabilising the overall economy, the pact promotes fiscal discipline through limiting government deficits and debts in order to prevent adverse fiscal spillover effects and freeriding behaviour of national fiscal authorities which could risk price and overall macroeconomic stability of the common currency area. This however brings about limitations for governments to discretionarily react to national economic needs and conditions. This bachelor thesis addresses the resulting tension between a theoretical and fundamental need for macroeconomic policy coordination in a monetary union environment and the politico-economic reality. The main goals are: to examine the main arguments in favour and against the pact under the areas of content, objectives and enforcement design; to highlight the resulting trade-offs; and to link these to developments and reforms of the pact but also to different economic contexts, namely the time period before and the time period during and after the crisis. The main finding is that reforms regarding macroeconomic policy coordination which were introduced after the beginning of the crisis period do not represent a rearrangement of the SGP framework and rather address the same debate on economic trade-offs only with a changed set of conditions. The reforms regarding the pact can be described as developments refocusing on the core of the pact while still shifting it in the directions of some propositions along with criticism which had been expressed long before the crisis period.
| Author | : Ronny Mazzocchi |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 40 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The turn of century long period of sustained growth with low and stable inflation let the economic profession and the public opinion to think that the right theoretical foundation for macroeconomic policy had been found. However the Great Crisis of 2008 indicates a spectacular failure of this framework in dealing with sources of macroeconomic instability and providing policy advise. Financial instability is the new challenge for monetary policy. Most of the recent research indicates that financial crises follow prolonged unwinding of investment-saving imbalances which are not contemplated by the standard theoretical framework. This paper draws a dynamic model where investment- saving imbalances are allowed to develop. It introduces different types of feedback interest-rate rules in order to provide some preliminary indications for the conduct of monetary policy.
| Author | : International Monetary Fund |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 59 |
| Release | : 1988-06-29 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1451969821 |
This paper discusses the scope, methods, and effects of international coordination of economic policies. In analyzing the scope for and of coordination, the paper addresses the rationale for coordination, barriers to coordination, the range and specificivity of policies to be coordinated, and the frequency of coordination. In evaluating the methods of coordination, the emphasis is on the broad issues of rules versus discretion, single-indicator versus multi-Indicator systems, and hegemonic versus symmetric systems. Finally, using the MULTIMOD global macroeconomic model, some simulations are presented of several rule-based proposals for coordination.
| Author | : William H. Branson |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 396 |
| Release | : 2007-12-01 |
| Genre | : Reference |
| ISBN | : 0226071383 |
Since the five largest industrial democracies concluded the Plaza Agreement in 1985, the theory and practice of international economic policy coordination has become the subject of spirited academic and public-policy debate. While some view policy coordination as crucial for the construction of an improved international monetary system, others fear that it risks delaying or weakening the implementation of macroeconomic and structural policies. In these papers and comments, prominent international economists consider past and present interpretations of the meaning of international policy coordination; conditions necessary for coordination to be beneficial both to the direct participants and the global economy; influential factors for the quantitative impact of coordination; obstacles to coordination; the most—and least—effective methods of coordination; and future directions of the coordination process, including processes associated with greater fixity of exchange rates. These studies will be readily accessible to policymakers, while offering sophisticated analyses to interested scholars of the global economy.
| Author | : Group of Thirty |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 56 |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : Economic policy |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Michael Carlberg |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 336 |
| Release | : 2005-03-04 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9783540244455 |
This book studies the international coordination of monetary and fiscal policies in the world economy. It carefully discusses the process of policy competition and the structure of policy cooperation. As to policy competition, the focus is on monetary and fiscal competition between Europe and America. Similarly, as to policy cooperation, the focus is on monetary and fiscal cooperation between Europe and America. The spillover effects of monetary policy are negative while the spillover effects of fiscal policy are positive. The policy targets are price stability and full employment. The policy makers follow either cold-turkey or gradualist strategies. Policy expectations are adaptive or rational. The world economy consists of two, three or more regions. The present book is part of a larger research project on European Monetary Union, see the references at the back of the book. Some parts of this project were presented at the World Congress of the International Economic Association in Lisbon. Other parts were presented at the International Institute of Public Finance, at the Macro Study Group of the German Economic Association, at the Annual Meeting of the Austrian Economic Association, at the Gottingen Workshop on International Economics, at the Halle Workshop on Monetary Economics, at the Research Seminar on Macroeconomics in Freiburg, and at the Passau Workshop on International Economics.
| Author | : Dennis Bonam |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 30 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
In standard macroeconomic models, debt sustainability and price level determinacy are achieved when fiscal policy avoids explosive debt and monetary policy controls inflation, irrespective of the relative strengths of each policy stance. We examine how these policy requirements for equilibrium stability and determinacy change in the presence of sovereign risk. An increase in sovereign risk reduces lender's willingness to hold government debt and raises consumption and inflation. Therefore, inflation and debt dynamics are determined jointly. To ensure stable macroeconomic conditions, both the fiscal and monetary stance must shift to offset debt sustainability concerns. We find that the adoption of a deficit target helps alleviate such concerns and raises the scope for macroeconomic stability.
| Author | : Axel Leijonhufvud |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 408 |
| Release | : 1981 |
| Genre | : Macroeconomics |
| ISBN | : |
