Open Economies

Open Economies
Author: Ian Goldin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 350
Release: 1992-05-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780521420563

Examines the interaction between macroeconomic and agricultural sector reforms in developing and East European economies.

Macroeconomics, agriculture, and food security

Macroeconomics, agriculture, and food security
Author: Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Total Pages: 644
Release: 2015-10-27
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0896298590

Why write a book on macroeconomic policies and their links to agriculture and food security in developing countries? The food price spikes of the years just prior to 2010 and the economic, political, and social dislocations they generated refocused the attention of policymakers and development practitioners on the agricultural sector and food security concerns. But even without those traumatic events, the importance of agriculture for developing countries—and for an adequate functioning of the world economy— cannot be denied. First, although declining over time, primary agriculture still represents important percentages of developing countries’ overall domestic production, exports, and employment. If agroindustrial, transportation, commercial, and other related activities are also counted, then the economic and social importance of agriculture-based sectors increases significantly. Furthermore, large numbers of the world’s poor still live in rural areas and work in agriculture. Through the links via production, trade, employment, and prices, agricultural production is also crucial for national food security. Second, it has been shown that agriculture in developing countries has important growth and employment multipliers for the rest of the economy, and agriculture seems to have larger positive effects in reducing poverty than growth in other sectors. Third, agriculture is not only important for individual developing countries, but it has global significance, considering the large presence of developing countries in world agricultural production and the increasing participation in international trade of those products (these three points will be covered in greater detail in Chapter 1).

Structural Adjustment and the Agricultural Sector in Latin America and the Caribbean

Structural Adjustment and the Agricultural Sector in Latin America and the Caribbean
Author: John Weeks
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 306
Release: 2016-01-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1349240257

As a result of the regional debt crisis, most governments of Latin America in the 1980s entered into a process of profound policy change, from an import substitution oriented strategy to a focus upon export-promotion, with an emphasis upon market liberalisation. According to mainstream economic theory, the effect of this shift would be to favour agriculture. This book, with contributors from Latin America and Europe, surveys the results on agriculture of a decade of policy change, and to produce new and unexpected insights.

Economic Reform, Trade and Agricultural Development

Economic Reform, Trade and Agricultural Development
Author: Ian Goldin
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Total Pages: 338
Release: 1993-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780312099855

"Over the past decade, developing and formerly centrally planned economies have embarked on fundamental economic reforms. The reforms at the macroeconomic level - notably in fiscal, monetary and trade policies - have been at the heart of the policy and analytic debate. Yet, this book shows that while these macroeconomic reforms are a necessary condition for growth, they are not in themselves sufficient or sustainable: reforms in the productive sectors of the economy - agriculture, industry and services - are also required, and the sequencing of these reforms is a vital issue. This volume examines the relationship between macroeconomic and trade reforms and adjustments in food and agricultural policies. Comparative perspectives are provided, based on a wide range of developing and formerly centrally planned country studies." "The volume addresses a critical lacunae in the literature concerning economic adjustment and demonstrates the need for economy-wide perspectives. The neglect of critical linkages, and notably the macro-agro linkages, is shown to have undermined reforms in a wide range of countries. The daily challenge facing economists is evident from the stalled and increasingly vulnerable reform experience. To be effective, reforms must embrace the whole economy, and not least agriculture and the food-producing and food-processing sectors. This book shows how greater emphasis on the productive sectors, and the adoption of an economy-wide perspective to reform, will greatly enhance the prospects of food security and equitable and sustainable growth."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Agricultural Issues in Structural Adjustment Programs

Agricultural Issues in Structural Adjustment Programs
Author: Roger D. Norton
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Total Pages: 96
Release: 1987
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9789251025338

Analyses the characteristics of structural adjustment programmes, agricultural responses to them, and the implementation of adjustment strategies in agriculture. Looks at agriculture as a source of economic imbalances, agricultural priorities, and the role of international organisations.

Institutional Adjustment for Economic Growth

Institutional Adjustment for Economic Growth
Author: Per Ronnas
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 239
Release: 2019-05-23
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0429806426

First published in 1998, this volume focuses on the special category of countries popularly referred to as ‘transition economies’ through an analysis of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and their role in Asian economies, with a view to assessing whether they could or should provide a model for African countries. The present volume explores the institutional peculiarities displayed by ‘transition economies’. These are economies which are undergoing a comprehensive and fundamental societal transformation with a view to creating a utopian communist society within the frame of a centrally administered economy, then a pluralistic society based on a market economy and the rule of law. Much of the debate on the economic performance of African LCD's has focused on informal sector activities or on the imperative to achieve structural adjustment. By highlighting instead the challenges facing two of the least successful among the African economies - Ethiopia and Tanzania, both of which share a socialist past - this book moves beyond the above issues. It argues that institutional adjustment is critical to the prospects for success in developing transition economies. As such the book investigates the transaction costs environment within which small-scale industrial activities are set. By drawing extensively on the Asian experience, (predominantly China and Vietnam but also India and Taiwan), it identifies sources of transaction costs by examining not only the transactional disadvantages of small-scale production, but also the past and present sources of institutional inefficiency.

Agricultural Research in an Era of Adjustment

Agricultural Research in an Era of Adjustment
Author: Steven R. Tabor
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 220
Release: 1995-01-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9780821331972

Where does theory lead us? Structural adjustment and agriculture; Structural adjustment and institucional change; Learning from experience; Managing the reform process; Technical progress and structural change in OECD agriculture; Policy conditionality in agricultural research projects; Action planning adjustment and research system reform; Structural and agricultural research: summing up.