Lowering Of The Boiling Curve Of Biodiesel By Metathesis
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| Author | : Jürgen Bünger |
| Publisher | : Cuvillier Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 99 |
| Release | : 2014-01-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3954045540 |
The boiling line of diesel fuels is relevant for the combustion in modern engines. Biodiesel shows a boiling behavior that is very different to diesel fuel. To adapt the boiling line, metathesis reactions were carried out. Different products were obtained by varying the catalysts and the ratio of biodiesel to 1-hexene. As 20%-blends in diesel fuel some metathesis products were quite similar to the diesel fuel boiling line. The metathesis fuels were tested regarding interactions with other fuel components and engine oil. Additionally, the material compatibility was in focus. Corrosion effects on copper were within the specification for diesel fuel. Exhaust gas emissions from 20%-blends as well as mutagenicity showed no significant deviations versus diesel fuel. In the result, no significant disadvantages for metathesis fuels were found. However, there production occurs currently only in lab-scale.
| Author | : Jürgen Krahl |
| Publisher | : Cuvillier Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 76 |
| Release | : 2022-02-15 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3736965559 |
This report is the multi-year result of the work of the UFOP Expert Commission „Biofuels & Renewable Resources“ on current and future fields of action in biofuels, which are of great importance in view of climate change. The expert commission supports the UFOP in all matters relating to biofuel research, with particular emphasis on biofuels from rapeseed oil. The committee acts in an advisory capacity and is made up of experts from scientific research, the vehicle and petroleum industry and trade associations. The expert commission initiates research projects that are funded by UFOP or in cooperation with other institutions. The research reports are published at www.ufop.de.
| Author | : Brajendra K. Sharma |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 644 |
| Release | : 2016-09-19 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1315355892 |
A Comprehensive Review of Developing Environmentally Friendly Lubricants A push from environmentally savvy consumers along with recent changes in governmental regulations have paved the way for a marketplace of products with high levels of environmental performance. Fueled by the growing demand for biobased lubricants, Environmentally Friendly and Biobased Lubricants highlights the development of environmentally friendly additives that are compatible with environmental regulations and describes the approaches being used in this emerging area. Derived from research topics shared over the years at various technical sessions of the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (STLE) Annual Meetings, the book includes a critical assessment of gaps and weaknesses in the field of environmentally friendly fluids and biobased lubricants. Each chapter is written by authors selected from the environmentally friendly fluids and biobased lubricants sessions of STLE and also incorporates input from prominent researchers invited to take part in the book. Expert contributors discuss the control, production, usage, and disposal of lubricants; factor in related policies, laws, and regulations around the world; and include case studies demonstrating the uses and values of commercially viable biobased lubricants. The book is divided into five sections that cover advanced environmentally friendly base oils and feedstocks, biobased hydraulic lubricants and biodegradability, chemically/enzymatically modified environmentally friendly base oils, vegetable oil–based environmentally friendly fluids, and additives for environmentally friendly fluids.
| Author | : Michael A.R. Meier |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 239 |
| Release | : 2012-05-26 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3642282881 |
Lucas Montero de Espinosa and Michael A. R. Meier: Olefin Metathesis of Renewable Platform Chemicals.- Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx, Robin Jastrzebski, Peter J. C. Hausoul, Robertus J. M. Klein Gebbink, and Bert M. Weckhuysen: Pd-Catalysed Telomerisation of 1,3-Dienes with Multifunctional Renewable Substrates - Versatile Routes for the Valorisation of Biomass-Derived Platform Molecules.- A Behr, A. J. Vorholt: Hydroformylation and related reactions of renewable resources.- Ties J. Korstanje, Robertus J.M. Klein Gebbink: Catalytic oxidation and deoxygenation of renewables with rhenium complexes.- Antoine Buchard, Clare M. Bakewell, Jonathan Weiner and Charlotte K. Williams: Recent Developments In Catalytic Activation Of Renewable Resources For Polymer Synthesis.
| Author | : Valerian Dragutan |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 432 |
| Release | : 2009-10-26 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9048134315 |
An outstanding international scientific event in the field of metathesis chemistry, the NATO ASI "Green Metathesis Chemistry: Great Challenges in Synthesis, Catalysis and Nanotechnology" has been recently organized in Bucharest, Romania (July 21- August 2, 2008). Numerous renowned scientists, young researchers and students, convened for two weeks to present and debate on the newest trends in alkene metathesis and identify future perspectives in this fascinating area of organic, organometallic, catalysis and polymer chemistry with foreseen important applications in materials science and technology. Following the fruitful practice of NATO Advanced Study Institutes, selected contributions covering plenary lectures, short communications and posters have been compiled in this special volume dedicated to this successful convention on green metathesis chemistry. General interest was primarily focused on relevant "green chemistry" features related to all types of metathesis reactions (RCM, CM, enyne metathesis, ADMET and ROMP). Diverse opportunities for green and sustainable technologies and industrial procedures based on metahesis have been identified. Largely exemplified was the utility of this broadly applicable strategy in organic synthesis, for accessing natural products and pharmaceuticals, and also its ability to fit in the manufacture of smart and nanostructured materials, self-assemblies with nanoscale morphologies, macromolecular engineering.
| Author | : David Reay |
| Publisher | : Butterworth-Heinemann |
| Total Pages | : 624 |
| Release | : 2013-06-05 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080983057 |
Process Intensification: Engineering for Efficiency, Sustainability and Flexibility is the first book to provide a practical working guide to understanding process intensification (PI) and developing successful PI solutions and applications in chemical process, civil, environmental, energy, pharmaceutical, biological, and biochemical systems. Process intensification is a chemical and process design approach that leads to substantially smaller, cleaner, safer, and more energy efficient process technology. It improves process flexibility, product quality, speed to market and inherent safety, with a reduced environmental footprint. This book represents a valuable resource for engineers working with leading-edge process technologies, and those involved research and development of chemical, process, environmental, pharmaceutical, and bioscience systems. - No other reference covers both the technology and application of PI, addressing fundamentals, industry applications, and including a development and implementation guide - Covers hot and high growth topics, including emission prevention, sustainable design, and pinch analysis - World-class authors: Colin Ramshaw pioneered PI at ICI and is widely credited as the father of the technology
| Author | : Gavin Towler |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 1321 |
| Release | : 2012-01-25 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080966608 |
Chemical Engineering Design, Second Edition, deals with the application of chemical engineering principles to the design of chemical processes and equipment. Revised throughout, this edition has been specifically developed for the U.S. market. It provides the latest US codes and standards, including API, ASME and ISA design codes and ANSI standards. It contains new discussions of conceptual plant design, flowsheet development, and revamp design; extended coverage of capital cost estimation, process costing, and economics; and new chapters on equipment selection, reactor design, and solids handling processes. A rigorous pedagogy assists learning, with detailed worked examples, end of chapter exercises, plus supporting data, and Excel spreadsheet calculations, plus over 150 Patent References for downloading from the companion website. Extensive instructor resources, including 1170 lecture slides and a fully worked solutions manual are available to adopting instructors. This text is designed for chemical and biochemical engineering students (senior undergraduate year, plus appropriate for capstone design courses where taken, plus graduates) and lecturers/tutors, and professionals in industry (chemical process, biochemical, pharmaceutical, petrochemical sectors). New to this edition: - Revised organization into Part I: Process Design, and Part II: Plant Design. The broad themes of Part I are flowsheet development, economic analysis, safety and environmental impact and optimization. Part II contains chapters on equipment design and selection that can be used as supplements to a lecture course or as essential references for students or practicing engineers working on design projects. - New discussion of conceptual plant design, flowsheet development and revamp design - Significantly increased coverage of capital cost estimation, process costing and economics - New chapters on equipment selection, reactor design and solids handling processes - New sections on fermentation, adsorption, membrane separations, ion exchange and chromatography - Increased coverage of batch processing, food, pharmaceutical and biological processes - All equipment chapters in Part II revised and updated with current information - Updated throughout for latest US codes and standards, including API, ASME and ISA design codes and ANSI standards - Additional worked examples and homework problems - The most complete and up to date coverage of equipment selection - 108 realistic commercial design projects from diverse industries - A rigorous pedagogy assists learning, with detailed worked examples, end of chapter exercises, plus supporting data and Excel spreadsheet calculations plus over 150 Patent References, for downloading from the companion website - Extensive instructor resources: 1170 lecture slides plus fully worked solutions manual available to adopting instructors
| Author | : Ayhan Demirbas |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 214 |
| Release | : 2007-12-20 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1846289955 |
Biodiesel: A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines describes the production and characterization of biodiesel. The book also presents current experimental research work in the field, including techniques to reduce biodiesel’s high viscosity. Researchers in renewable energy, as well as fuel engineers, will discover a myriad of new ideas and promising possibilities.
| Author | : James H. Clark |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 340 |
| Release | : 2014-12-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1118714458 |
Introduction to Chemicals from Biomass, Second Edition presents an overview of the use of biorenewable resources in the 21st century for the manufacture of chemical products, materials and energy. The book demonstrates that biomass is essentially a rich mixture of chemicals and materials and, as such, has a tremendous potential as feedstock for making a wide range of chemicals and materials with applications in industries from pharmaceuticals to furniture. Completely revised and updated to reflect recent developments, this new edition begins with an introduction to the biorefinery concept, followed by chapters addressing the various types of available biomass feedstocks, including waste, and the different pre-treatment and processing technologies being developed to turn these feedstocks into platform chemicals, polymers, materials and energy. The book concludes with a discussion on the policies and strategies being put in place for delivering the so-called Bioeconomy. Introduction to Chemicals from Biomass is a valuable resource for academics, industrial scientists and policy-makers working in the areas of industrial biotechnology, biorenewables, chemical engineering, fine and bulk chemical production, agriculture technologies, plant science, and energy and power generation. We need to reduce our dependence on fossil resources and increasingly derive all the chemicals we take for granted and use in our daily life from biomass – and we must make sure that we do this using green chemistry and sustainable technologies! For more information on the Wiley Series in Renewable Resources, visit www.wiley.com/go/rrs Topics covered include: • The biorefinery concept • Biomass feedstocks • Pre-treatment technologies • Platform molecules from renewable resources • Polymers from bio-based monomers • Biomaterials • Bio-based energy production Praise for the 1st edition: “Drawing on the expertise of the authors the book involves a degree of plant biology and chemical engineering, which illustrates the multidisciplinary nature of the topic beautifully” - Chemistry World
| Author | : André Steynberg |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 722 |
| Release | : 2004-10-30 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080472796 |
Fischer-Tropsch Technology is a unique book for its state-of-the-art approach to Fischer Tropsch (FT) technology. This book provides an explanation of the basic principles and terminology that are required to understand the application of FT technology. It also contains comprehensive references to patents and previous publications. As the first publication to focus on theory and application, it is a contemporary reference source for students studying chemistry and chemical engineering. Researchers and engineers active in the development of FT technology will also find this book an invaluable source of information. * Is the first publication to cover the theory and application for modern Fischer Tropsch technology * Contains comprehensive knowledge on all aspects relevant to the application of Fischer Tropsch technology* No other publication looks at past, present and future applications
