Long Baseline Atom Interferometry
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| Author | : David Marvin Slaughter Johnson |
| Publisher | : Stanford University |
| Total Pages | : 152 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Due to its impressive sensitivity, long baseline atom interferometry is an exciting tool for tests of fundamental physics. We are currently constructing a 10-meter scale apparatus to test the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) using co-located Rb85 and Rb87 atom interferometers. This apparatus aims to improve the current limit on WEP violation 100-fold, which illustrates the power of this technique. This scientific goal sets stringent requirements on the kinematic preparation of the atomic test masses, the interferometer laser wavefront and stability, as well as the electromagnetic and gravitational field homogeneity of the interferometer region. The efforts to control these sources of systematic error are discussed. Additionally, applications of long baseline atom interferometry to space-based sensors for geodesy and gravitational wave detection are presented.
| Author | : G.M. Tino |
| Publisher | : IOS Press |
| Total Pages | : 807 |
| Release | : 2014-10-16 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 161499448X |
Since atom interferometers were first realized about 20 years ago, atom interferometry has had many applications in basic and applied science, and has been used to measure gravity acceleration, rotations and fundamental physical quantities with unprecedented precision. Future applications range from tests of general relativity to the development of next-generation inertial navigation systems. This book presents the lectures and notes from the Enrico Fermi school "Atom Interferometry", held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2013. The aim of the school was to cover basic experimental and theoretical aspects and to provide an updated review of current activities in the field as well as main achievements, open issues and future prospects. Topics covered include theoretical background and experimental schemes for atom interferometry; ultracold atoms and atom optics; comparison of atom, light, electron and neutron interferometers and their applications; high precision measurements with atom interferometry and their application to tests of fundamental physics, gravitation, inertial measurements and geophysics; measurement of fundamental constants; interferometry with quantum degenerate gases; matter wave interferometry beyond classical limits; large area interferometers; atom interferometry on chips; and interferometry with molecules. The book will be a valuable source of reference for students, newcomers and experts in the field of atom interferometry.
| Author | : A. Richard Thompson |
| Publisher | : Wiley-Interscience |
| Total Pages | : 568 |
| Release | : 1986-04-28 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : |
A unified description of the theory and practice of radio interferometry and synthesis mapping techniques as they apply to astronomy and geology. Beginning with an historical review, it goes on to provide a detailed description of all aspects of radio inferometry, from basic principles through instrumental design to data reduction. Over 450 original papers and monographs are cited.
| Author | : Cosimo Bambi |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 1895 |
| Release | : 2022-07-02 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9811643067 |
This handbook provides an updated comprehensive description of gravitational wave astronomy. In the first part, it reviews gravitational wave experiments, from ground and space based laser interferometers to pulsar timing arrays and indirect detection from the cosmic microwave background. In the second part, it discusses a number of astrophysical and cosmological gravitational wave sources, including black holes, neutron stars, possible more exotic objects, and sources in the early Universe. The third part of the book reviews the methods to calculate gravitational waveforms. The fourth and last part of the book covers techniques employed in gravitational wave astronomy data analysis. This book represents both a valuable resource for graduate students and an important reference for researchers in gravitational wave astronomy.
| Author | : Kathy Levin |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 225 |
| Release | : 2012-11-15 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0444538623 |
The rapidly developing topic of ultracold atoms has many actual and potential applications for condensed-matter science, and the contributions to this book emphasize these connections. Ultracold Bose and Fermi quantum gases are introduced at a level appropriate for first-year graduate students and non-specialists such as more mature general physicists. The reader will find answers to questions like: how are experiments conducted and how are the results interpreted? What are the advantages and limitations of ultracold atoms in studying many-body physics? How do experiments on ultracold atoms facilitate novel scientific opportunities relevant to the condensed-matted community? This volume seeks to be comprehensible rather than comprehensive; it aims at the level of a colloquium, accessible to outside readers, containing only minimal equations and limited references. In large part, it relies on many beautiful experiments from the past fifteen years and their very fruitful interplay with basic theoretical ideas. In this particular context, phenomena most relevant to condensed-matter science have been emphasized. - Introduces ultracold Bose and Fermi quantum gases at a level appropriate for non-specialists - Discusses landmark experiments and their fruitful interplay with basic theoretical ideas - Comprehensible rather than comprehensive, containing only minimal equations
| Author | : Bretislav Friedrich |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 639 |
| Release | : 2021-06-19 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030639630 |
This Open Access book gives a comprehensive account of both the history and current achievements of molecular beam research. In 1919, Otto Stern launched the revolutionary molecular beam technique. This technique made it possible to send atoms and molecules with well-defined momentum through vacuum and to measure with high accuracy the deflections they underwent when acted upon by transversal forces. These measurements revealed unforeseen quantum properties of nuclei, atoms, and molecules that became the basis for our current understanding of quantum matter. This volume shows that many key areas of modern physics and chemistry owe their beginnings to the seminal molecular beam work of Otto Stern and his school. Written by internationally recognized experts, the contributions in this volume will help experienced researchers and incoming graduate students alike to keep abreast of current developments in molecular beam research as well as to appreciate the history and evolution of this powerful method and the knowledge it reveals.
| Author | : Ralf Lehnert |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 264 |
| Release | : 2020-04-04 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9811213992 |
This book contains the Proceedings of the Eighth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, held at Indiana University in Bloomington on May 12-16, 2019. The Meeting focused on tests of these fundamental symmetries and on related theoretical issues, including scenarios for possible violations. Topics covered at the meeting include experimental and observational searches for CPT and Lorentz violation involving: accelerators and colliders; astrophysical birefringence, dispersion, and anisotropy; atomic and molecular spectroscopy; cavities, oscillators, resonators; Cherenkov radiation; clock-comparison measurements; CMB polarimetry; cosmic rays; decays of atoms, nuclei, and particles; equivalence-principle tests with matter and antimatter; exotic atoms, muonium, positronium; gauge bosons, the Higgs boson; gravimetry; gravitational waves; high-energy astrophysical observations; hydrogen and antihydrogen spectroscopy; lasers, masers; matter-wave interferometry; meson and baryon properties; neutral-meson interferometry; neutrino mixing and propagation, neutrino-antineutrino oscillations; particle-antiparticle comparisons; photon and particle scattering; post-Newton gravity in the solar system and beyond; second- and third-generation particles; short-range gravity; sidereal and annual time variations, compass asymmetries; single-top and top pair production; space-based missions; spin-gravity couplings; spin precession; time-of-flight measurements; torsion and nonmetricity; trapped particles, ions, and atoms. The meeting also covered theoretical and phenomenological studies of CPT and Lorentz violation including: physical effects at the level of the Standard Model, General Relativity, and beyond; origins and mechanisms for violations; classical and quantum field theory, gravitation, particle physics, and strings; mathematical foundations, Finsler geometry.
| Author | : Ralf Lehnert |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 283 |
| Release | : 2023-04-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9811275394 |
This book contains the Proceedings of the Ninth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, held at Indiana University in Bloomington May 17-26, 2022. The Meeting focused on tests of these fundamental symmetries and on related theoretical issues, including scenarios for possible violations. Experimental topics covered at the meeting include astrophysical observations of neutrinos, photons, cosmic rays, pulsars, and gravitational waves; investigations at accelerators and storage rings involving neutral mesons, muons, quarks, and flavor-changing processes; gravity tests in the laboratory and in the solar system; spectroscopic studies of ions, atoms, molecules, and exotic atoms; measurements involving spin motion; comparative tests between matter and antimatter; lasers and masers; measurements involving neutrons; investigations with cavities, oscillators, and resonators; neutrino oscillations, propagation, and endpoint measurements.Theoretical and phenomenological topics discussed involved the identification of signatures for CPT and Lorentz violation in particle physics, electromagnetism, and gravity; mechanisms and toy models for spacetime-symmetry breakdown; studies in field theory, gravitation, and particle physics; and condensed-matter applications.
| Author | : Gordon W. F. Drake |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 1436 |
| Release | : 2023-02-09 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030738930 |
Comprises a comprehensive reference source that unifies the entire fields of atomic molecular and optical (AMO) physics, assembling the principal ideas, techniques and results of the field. 92 chapters written by about 120 authors present the principal ideas, techniques and results of the field, together with a guide to the primary research literature (carefully edited to ensure a uniform coverage and style, with extensive cross-references). Along with a summary of key ideas, techniques, and results, many chapters offer diagrams of apparatus, graphs, and tables of data. From atomic spectroscopy to applications in comets, one finds contributions from over 100 authors, all leaders in their respective disciplines. Substantially updated and expanded since the original 1996 edition, it now contains several entirely new chapters covering current areas of great research interest that barely existed in 1996, such as Bose-Einstein condensation, quantum information, and cosmological variations of the fundamental constants. A fully-searchable CD- ROM version of the contents accompanies the handbook.
| Author | : David D. Nolte |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 384 |
| Release | : 2018-07-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0192528505 |
Galileo Unbound traces the journey that brought us from Galileo's law of free fall to today's geneticists measuring evolutionary drift, entangled quantum particles moving among many worlds, and our lives as trajectories traversing a health space with thousands of dimensions. Remarkably, common themes persist that predict the evolution of species as readily as the orbits of planets or the collapse of stars into black holes. This book tells the history of spaces of expanding dimension and increasing abstraction and how they continue today to give new insight into the physics of complex systems. Galileo published the first modern law of motion, the Law of Fall, that was ideal and simple, laying the foundation upon which Newton built the first theory of dynamics. Early in the twentieth century, geometry became the cause of motion rather than the result when Einstein envisioned the fabric of space-time warped by mass and energy, forcing light rays to bend past the Sun. Possibly more radical was Feynman's dilemma of quantum particles taking all paths at once — setting the stage for the modern fields of quantum field theory and quantum computing. Yet as concepts of motion have evolved, one thing has remained constant, the need to track ever more complex changes and to capture their essence, to find patterns in the chaos as we try to predict and control our world.
