Locating Community Social Capital
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| Author | : Kerry Ann Agnitsch |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 378 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
With the continued devolution of power and resources from state- and federal-centered to locality-centered institutions, rural places are increasingly left to depend on their own resources to survive. As such, the importance of a community's ability to acquire and mobilize resources to accomplish various goals is of central importance to their future. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between community social capital and a community's capacity to act. Social capital is based on the premise that social relationships are a resource for individuals or groups-that is, socially well-connected individuals or groups are better able to mobilize other resources to achieve desired outcomes. While a popular and widely utilized concept in current research, the social capital concept often suffers from a lack of theoretical and empirical clarity. In this research, two theories-social resources theory and regime theory-were utilized as guiding frameworks to "locate" the sets of relationships serving as bonding and bridging forms of community social capital and show how each impacts voluntary citizen participation and the successful completion of community projects. Data for the study came from face-to-face interviews with 116 participants in local community projects in two rural Iowa communities. Bonding community social capital was found to positively affect voluntary citizen participation in local projects, while bridging social capital was found to have a potential role in facilitating community capacity to mobilize needed resources for the successful completion of local projects. In addition, social network analysis was employed to analyze the structural features of networks serving was bridging community social capital in the two communities. Measures of network density, centralization, concentration of centrality, and the presence or absence of cliques were used to assess features of networks deemed likely to facilitate successful community action. Strengths and weaknesses were identified in each network. Results of the network analyses suggested that direct analysis of social networks reveals complexities in social capital that traditional measures often overlook. The results inform recommendations for community development policy and future research.
| Author | : Anirudh Krishna |
| Publisher | : Columbia University Press |
| Total Pages | : 276 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780231125703 |
The idea of social capital allows scholars to assess the quality of relationships among people within a particular community and show how that quality affects the ability to achieve shared goals. With evidence collected from sixty-nine villages in India, Krishna investigates what social capital is, how it operates in practice, and what results it can be expected to produce. Does social capital provide a viable means for advancing economic development, promoting ethnic peace, and strengthening democratic governance? The world is richer than ever before, but more than a fifth of its people are poor and miserable. Civil wars and ethnic strife continue to mar prospects for peace. Democracy is in place in most countries, but large numbers of citizens do not benefit from it. How can development, peace and democracy become more fruitful for the ordinary citizen? This book shows how social capital is a crucial dimension of any solution to these problems.
| Author | : John M. Halstead |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 233 |
| Release | : 2015-04-24 |
| Genre | : Architecture |
| ISBN | : 1317686047 |
In Social Capital at the Community Level, John Halstead and Steven Deller examine social capital formation beyond the individual level through a variety of disciplines: planning, economics, regional development, sociology, as well as non-traditional approaches like engineering and built environmental features. The notion of social capital in community and economic development has become a focus of intense interest for policy makers, practitioners, and academics. The notion is that communities with higher levels of social capital (networks, trust, and norms) will prosper both economically and socially. In a practical sense, how do communities use the notion of social capital to build policies and strategies to move their community forward? Are all forms of social capital the same and do all have a positive influence on the community? To help gain insights into these fundamental questions Social Capital at the Community Level takes a holistic, interdisciplinary or systems approach to thinking about the community. While those who study social capital will acknowledge the need for an interdisciplinary approach, most stay within their disciplinary silos. One could say there is strong bonding social capital within disciplines but little bridging social capital across disciplines. The contributors to Social Capital at the Community Level have made an attempt to build that bridging social capital. While disciplinary biases and research approaches are evident there is significant overlap about how people with different disciplinary perspectives think about social capital and how it can be applied at the community level. This can be from neighborhoods addressing a localized issue to a global response to a natural disaster. This book is an invaluable resource for scholars, researchers and policy makers of community and economic development, as well as rural sociologists and planners looking to understand the opaque process of social capital formation in communities.
| Author | : Daniel P. Aldrich |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 246 |
| Release | : 2012-08-15 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0226012891 |
The factor that makes some communities rebound quickly from disasters while others fall apart: “A fascinating book on an important topic.”—E.L. Hirsch, in Choice Each year, natural disasters threaten the strength and stability of communities worldwide. Yet responses to the challenges of recovery vary greatly and in ways that aren’t explained by the magnitude of the catastrophe or the amount of aid provided by national governments or the international community. The difference between resilience and disrepair, as Daniel P. Aldrich shows, lies in the depth of communities’ social capital. Building Resilience highlights the critical role of social capital in the ability of a community to withstand disaster and rebuild both the infrastructure and the ties that are at the foundation of any community. Aldrich examines the post-disaster responses of four distinct communities—Tokyo following the 1923 earthquake, Kobe after the 1995 earthquake, Tamil Nadu after the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, and New Orleans post-Katrina—and finds that those with robust social networks were better able to coordinate recovery. In addition to quickly disseminating information and financial and physical assistance, communities with an abundance of social capital were able to minimize the migration of people and valuable resources out of the area. With governments increasingly overstretched and natural disasters likely to increase in frequency and intensity, a thorough understanding of what contributes to efficient reconstruction is more important than ever. Building Resilience underscores a critical component of an effective response.
| Author | : David Halpern |
| Publisher | : Polity |
| Total Pages | : 401 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0745625479 |
This work presents an introduction to the concept of social capital - a term which refers to the social networks, informal structures and norms that facilitate individual and collective action.
| Author | : Nan Lin |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 298 |
| Release | : 2002-05-20 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780521521673 |
1. Theories of Capital: The Historical Foundation. 3. 2. Social Capital: Capital Captured through Social Relations. 19. 3. Resources, Hierarchy, Networks, and Homophily: The Structural Foundation. 29. 4. Resources, Motivations, and Interactions: The Action Foundation. 41. 5. The Theory and Theoretical Propositions. 55. 6. Social Capital and Status Attainment: A Research Tradition. 78. 7. Inequality in Social Capital: A Research Agenda. 99. 8. Social Capital and the Emergence of Social Structure: A Theory of Rational Choice. 127. 9. Reputation and Social Capital: The Rational Basis for Social Exchange. 143. 10. Social Capital in Hierarchical Structures. 165. 11. Institutions, Networks, and Capital Building: Societal Transformations. 184. 12. Cybernetworks and the Global Village: The Rise of Social Capital. 210. 13. The Future of the Theory. 243. . References. 251. . Index. 267.
| Author | : Sam Wong |
| Publisher | : Amsterdam University Press |
| Total Pages | : 220 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 9053560343 |
This volume argues that using social capital to eradicate poverty is unlikely to succeed because its mainstream approach mistakenly assumes that social capital necessarily benefits poor people. The inadequacy of that assumption, Sam Wong argues, calls for a reassessment of human motivations, institutional dynamics, and the complexity of structures in social capital building. Proposing a “pro-poor” perspective, in which poverty-specific outcomes are highlighted, he suggests an exploration of “unseen” social capital is in order—not only to challenge the mainstream understanding of “seen” social capital, but to demonstrate the need for everyday cooperation, which is shaped by social norms, influenced by conscious and unconscious motivations, and subject to changes in priority based on livelihood. A useful volume for both policy makers and practitioners, Exploring ‘Unseen’ Social Capital in Community Participation offers a fresh perspective in thinking about civic and social agency.
| Author | : Lisa F. Berkman |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 428 |
| Release | : 2000-03-09 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780195083316 |
This book shows the important links between social conditions and health and begins to describe the processes through which these health inequalities may be generated. It reviews a range of methodologies that could be used by health researchers in this field and proposes innovative future research directions.
| Author | : Phillip H. Kim |
| Publisher | : Now Publishers Inc |
| Total Pages | : 68 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9781933019109 |
Social Capital and Entrepreneurship concludes by examining the tension between the properties of social networks used in entrepreneurship researchers' models and the limited perspective on networks available to practicing entrepreneurs.
| Author | : Barbara Arneil |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2006-09-14 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1139458450 |
Diverse Communities is a critique of Robert Putnam's social capital thesis, re-examined from the perspective of women and cultural minorities in America over the last century. Barbara Arneil argues that the idyllic communities of the past were less positive than Putnam envisions and that the current 'collapse' in participation is better understood as change rather than decline. Arneil suggests that the changes in American civil society in the last half century are not so much the result of generational change or television as the unleashing of powerful economic, social and cultural forces that, despite leading to division and distrust within American society, also contributed to greater justice for women and cultural minorities. She concludes by proposing that the lessons learned from this fuller history of American civil society provide the normative foundation to enumerate the principles of justice by which diverse communities might be governed in the twenty-first century.
