Lldpe Production Via Slurry Process Cost Analysis Lldpe E21a
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| Author | : Intratec |
| Publisher | : Intratec Solutions |
| Total Pages | : 52 |
| Release | : 2016-05-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1945324759 |
This report presents a cost analysis of Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) production from polymer grade (PG) ethylene and 1-hexene using a slurry process. The process examined is similar to Chevron Phillips process. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 20120282144, issued to Chevron in 2012; (2) US Patent 7629421, issued to Chevron in 2009 Keywords: Ethene, PE, Isobutane, Slurry Reactor, Loop Reactor
| Author | : Lee Tin Sin |
| Publisher | : William Andrew |
| Total Pages | : 423 |
| Release | : 2019-06-15 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128144734 |
Polylactic Acid: A Practical Guide for the Processing, Manufacturing, and Applications of PLA, Second Edition, provides a practical guide for engineers and scientists working in PLA and on the development of emerging new products. The current market situation for PLA and biodegradable polymers is described, along with applications across a range of market sectors. In addition, the mechanical, chemical, thermal, rheology and degradation properties are included. Updates include new chapters covering various processing methods, as well as recycling methods, and additives and processing aids. New applications cover a range of products (including 3D Printing), and an environmental assessment, including regulatory aspects. The book is not only a useful introduction to this topic, but also a practical, readily applicable reference book that will support decision-making in the plastics industry. - Presents an essential reference for engineers, scientists and product designers considering switching to a sustainable plastic - Covers the properties, synthesis and polymerization of PLA, along with processing techniques involved in fabricating parts from this polymer - Includes critical new chapters on processing, additives, recycling and environmental considerations relating to PLA
| Author | : Walter R. Niessen |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 734 |
| Release | : 2002-02-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0824744152 |
Covering each aspect of an incineration facility, from contaminant receipt and storage to stack discharge and dispersion, this reference explores the operation and evaluation of incineration systems for hazardous and non-hazardous gaseous, liquid, sludge, and solid wastes. Highlighting breakthroughs in air pollution control, the book discusses advances in materials handling, waste processing, refractory and materials engineering, combustion technology, and energy recovery to reduce and control toxins and pollutants in the environment. It includes a disk containing spreadsheets for practical analyses of waste characteristics and combustion systems.
| Author | : Laurence W. McKeen |
| Publisher | : William Andrew |
| Total Pages | : 407 |
| Release | : 2012-04-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 145572551X |
Preface -- 1. Introduction to Plastics and Polymers -- 2. Chapter 2 - Introduction to the Mechanical, Thermal and Permeation Properties of Plastics and Elastomers -- 3. Production of films -- 4. Markets and Applications for films -- 5. Styrenic Plastics -- 6. Polyesters -- 8. Polyamides (Nylons) -- 9. Polyolefins -- 10. Polyvinyls & Acrylics -- 11. Fluoropolymers -- 12. High Temperature/High Performance Polymers -- 13. Elastomers and rubbers -- 14. Renewable Resource or biodegradable polymers -- Appendices -- Permeation Unit Conversion Factors -- Vapor Transmission rate Conversion factors.
| Author | : Stephen Eichhorn |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 537 |
| Release | : 2009-10-26 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1845697316 |
Due to their complexity and diversity, understanding the structure of textile fibres is of key importance. This authoritative two-volume collection provides a comprehensive review of the structure of an extensive range of textile fibres.Volume 2 begins by reviewing natural fibres such as cellulosic, cotton, protein, wool and silk fibres. Part two considers regenerated cellulosic, protein, alginate, chitin and chitosan fibres. The final part of the book discusses inorganic fibres such as glass, carbon and ceramic fibres as well as specialist fibres such as thermally and chemically-resistant fibres, optical and hollow fibres. Chapters review how fibre structure contributes to key mechanical properties. A companion volume reviews the structure of manufactured polymer fibres.Edited by leading authorities on the subject and with a team of international authors, the two volumes of the Handbook of textile fibre structure is an essential reference for textile technologists, fibre scientists, textile engineers and those in academia. - Discusses how fibre structure contributes to key mechanical properties - Reviews natural fibres such as cellulosic, cotton and silk fibres and considers various regenerated fibres - Examines inorganic fibres including glass and carbon as well as specialist fibres such as chemically-resistant and optical fibres
| Author | : J Gordon Cook |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 237 |
| Release | : 1984-01-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1845693159 |
A comprehensive survey of the natural fibres animal, vegetable and mineral on which we depended for our textiles until comparatively recently.
| Author | : J. W. S. Hearle |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 694 |
| Release | : 2013-09-03 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 148322564X |
Fibre Structure is a 19-chapter text that emerged from lectures presented at the Manchester College of Science and Technology. The interest of fiber studies lies to some extent in the important part textile materials play in general living and in industrial products and operations. The first chapters deal with the chemistry of fiber-forming polymers, followed by considerable chapters on the controversial subject of the fine structure of fibers. The remaining chapters describe the special features of all the important fibers, including glass and asbestos. Textile scientists, researchers, and manufacturers will find this book invaluable.
| Author | : Sina Ebnesajjad |
| Publisher | : William Andrew |
| Total Pages | : 454 |
| Release | : 2017-10-30 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0323461158 |
Fluoropolymer Applications in Chemical Processing Industries: The Definitive User's Guide and Handbook, Second Edition, contains the most extensive collection of data and information on fluoropolymer applications in chemical processing industries. Because of their superior properties, fluoropolymers have been rapidly replacing metal alloys for corrosion inhibition in chemical processing equipment. This book is a complete compendium of information about fluoropolymer lining materials and structural piping and tubing. Fluoropolymer surfaces preserve purity of processing streams in the chemical processing, plastics, food, pharmaceutical, semiconductor, and pulp and paper industries. Updated to reflect major changes since 2004, this book contains practical, problem-solving tools for professionals in those industries. Equipment manufacturers, plant operators, and product design and manufacturing engineers all will benefit from the in-depth knowledge provided. This new edition includes new fluoropolymer grades and new examples of the fluoropolymer role in preventing corrosion. New fabrication techniques have been added, and additional emphasis has been placed on adhesion and welding techniques. New sections have been added on inspection of new linings, and in-service inspection – including inspection frequency, acceptance criteria, fitness for service evaluation, and reparability. - Includes extensive guidelines for the selection of fluoropolymers for corrosion control - Features a detailed 'how-to' on processes that convert fluoropolymers into shapes and parts - Discusses fabrication techniques to finish the fluoropolymer components before exposure to harsh chemical environments - Includes laboratory techniques to determine the cause of part failure, and a modeling methodology to predict and analyze failure of fluoropolymer parts
| Author | : Carlos Federico Jasso-Gastinel |
| Publisher | : William Andrew |
| Total Pages | : 233 |
| Release | : 2016-09-14 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0323443982 |
Modification of Polymer Properties provides, for the first time, in one title, the latest information on gradient IPNs and gradient copolymers. The book covers the broad range of polymer modification routes in a fresh, current view representing a timely addition to the technical literature of this important area. Historically, blends, copolymers, or filled polymers have been developed to meet specific properties, or to optimize the cost/properties relationship. Using the gradient structure approach with conventional radical polymerization, it has been shown that it is possible to optimize properties if appropriate gradients in the composition of copolymer chains are obtained. An overview of the gradient structure approach for designing polymers has not appeared in the recent literature and this title covers the different methods used to modify properties, offering the whole range of ways to modify polymers in just one volume and making this an attractive option for a wide audience of practitioners. The approach for each chapter is to explain the fundamental principles of preparation, cover properties modification, describe future research and applications as examples of materials that may be prepared for specific applications, or that are already in use, in present day applications. The book is for readers that have a basic background in polymer science, as well as those interested in the different ways to combine or modify polymer properties. - Provides an integrated view on how to modify polymer properties - Presents the entire panorama of polymer properties modification in one reference, covering the essential information in each topic - Includes the optimization of properties using gradients in polymers composition or structure
| Author | : Syed Ali Ashter |
| Publisher | : William Andrew |
| Total Pages | : 288 |
| Release | : 2017-11-22 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0323511163 |
Technology and Applications of Polymers Derived from Biomass explores the range of different possible routes from biomass to polymeric materials, including the value and limitations of using biomass in material applications and a comparison of petrochemical-derived polymers and bio-based polymers. The book discusses biomass sources, types, chemistry and handling concerns. It covers the manufacture of industrial chemicals from biomass and the derivation of monomers and polymers from biomass. It also details the processing and applications of biomass-derived polymers to enable materials scientists and engineers realize the potential of biomass as a sustainable source of polymers, including plastics and elastomers. The book is a one-stop-shop reference—giving students a basic understanding of the technology and how the material can be applied to industrial processes they will face in the workforce, and giving materials engineers and product designers the information they need to make more informed material selection decisions. - Provides fundamental understanding of an increasingly important approach to sourcing polymeric materials - Includes actionable, relevant information to enable materials engineers and product designers consider biomass-derived polymers in the products they are developing - Discusses the environmental impact of biomass conversion to help readers improve the sustainability of their operations - Compares petrochemical-derived polymers with bio-based polymers
