Le Tractatus de Wittgenstein et l’ Éthique de Spinoza

Le Tractatus de Wittgenstein et l’ Éthique de Spinoza
Author: Markus Aenishänslin
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Total Pages: 403
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 303488592X

Wittgenstein et Spinoza construisent, l'un dans le Tractatus, l'autre dans l'Éthique, des systèmes philosophiques réunissant le monde, l'homme et Dieu dans lesquels ils s'opposent sur de nombreux points. C'est ainsi par exemple que, suivant Spinoza, l'homme est assuré que rien ne se produit sans cause alors que Wittgenstein rejette la possibilité de rapports d'ordre causal entre les événements. Le présent travail dissèque dans une première partie l'œuvre de Wittgenstein, il analyse dans une deuxième partie la doctrine de Spinoza, et il compare enfin dans la troisième partie les deux systèmes dont il fait ressortir les points de concordance et de dissemblance dans leurs constructions respectives. Il traite les œuvres philosophiques que sont le Tractatus et l'Éthique comme si elles relevaient de sciences telles que la mécanique, l'astronomie, etc., et utilise des modèles géométriques appropriés à leur interprétation. L'étude comparative du Tractatus et de l'Éthique, qui ne cessent d'exercer leur influence sur la pensée humaine, permet de conclure que le Tractatus, œuvre du XXe siècle, renoue avec le rationalisme du XVIIe siècle exprimé par Spinoza.

Le "Tractatus" de Wittgenstein et l'"Éthique" de Spinoza

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Author: Markus Aenishänslin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 438
Release: 1993
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9783764325084

Table.- Première Partie: Le monde construit par le Tractatus.- Chapitre Premier: La forme cyclique du Tractatus.- Deuxième Chapitre: Ordo et connexio rerum dans la substance du monde.- Troisième Chapitre: La proposition élémentaire.- Quatrième Chapitre: Le fait.- Cinquième Chapitre: Les images d'un fait.- Sixième Chapitre: Les totalités dans le Système du Tractatus.- Septième Chapitre: Le monde comme un Tout limité.- Huitième Chapitre: Les limites du monde.- Neuvième Chapitre: l'ordre du monde du Tractatus.- Duexième Partie: La Nature naturée construite par l'Éthique.- Chapitre Premier: l'Étendue.- Deuxième Chapitre: l'essence d'une chose étendue.- Troisième Chapitre: Le Corps de Dieu.- Quatrième Chapitre: l'attribut de la Pensée.- Cinquième Chapitre: l'attribut X.- Sixième Chapitre: La substance.- Septième Chapitre: Cause, idée et essence.- Huitième Chapitre: La Pensée de Dieu 269.- Neuvième Chapitre: l'homme.- Troisième Partie: Comparaison du monde du Tractatus avec la Nature naturée de l'Éthique.- Chapitre Premier: Le monde wittgensteinien et la nature spinoziste.- Deuxième Chapitre: La vue wittgensteinienne du monde et 1'intuition spinoziste.- Troisième Chapitre: Le système de l'Éthique et le système du Tractatus.- Notes et references.- Première Partie.- Deuxième Partie.- Troisième Partie.- Bibliographie.- Wittgenstein. Oeuvres.- Éditions originals.- Éditions critiques.- Wittgenstein. Études et commentaries.- Spinoza. Oeuvres.- Éditions originals.- Édition critique.- Traductions.- Spinoza. Études et commentaries.

Wittgenstein et l'ordre du monde

Wittgenstein et l'ordre du monde
Author: Pasquier Lambert
Publisher: Editions L'Harmattan
Total Pages: 287
Release: 2010-10-01
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 2296258867

Cette étude de la première période de l'activité philosophique de Wittgenstein se propose de déterminer ce que ce dernier entendait par l'"ordre du monde", ordre auquel l'être humain doit se conformer pour atteindre le bonheur. Contrairement aux interprétations les plus courantes, l'auteur démontre ici que la première philosophie de Wittgenstein est aussi profondément mystique que logique.

The A to Z of Wittgenstein's Philosophy

The A to Z of Wittgenstein's Philosophy
Author: Duncan Richter
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2010
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 081087606X

Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) was undoubtedly one of the most important philosophers of the 20th century, and perhaps of any century. He was also a fascinating, charismatic, and irritating man. His philosophical ability was recognized almost immediately by Bertrand Russell, and during his lifetime his work influenced first logical positivism and then ordinary language philosophy. Since then it has also become central in post-analytical philosophical thought. Beyond the world of academic philosophy it has inspired playwrights, poets, novelists, architects, filmmakers, and biographers. The A to Z of Wittgenstein's Philosophy is intended for anyone who wants to know more about the philosophy and the life of this enigmatic thinker. The book contains an introductory overview of his life and work, a timeline of the major relevant events in and after his life, an extensive bibliography, and, above all, an A-Z of ideas, people, and places that have been involved in his philosophy and its reception. The dictionary is written with no particular agenda and includes entries on philosophers (and others) who influenced Wittgenstein, those he influenced in turn, and some of the main figures in contemporary Wittgenstein scholarship. Suggestions for further reading are also included, as well as a guide to the literature on Wittgenstein and a bibliography broken down by subject area.

Historical Dictionary of Wittgenstein's Philosophy

Historical Dictionary of Wittgenstein's Philosophy
Author: Duncan Richter
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Total Pages: 317
Release: 2014-04-04
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1442233095

Ludwig Wittgenstein was the most influential, and arguably the greatest, philosopher of the twentieth century. This fact about his influence is not only a matter of how much he influenced people but also of how many people he influenced. His early work was taken up by some of the pioneers of analytical philosophy. His later work helped spawn another movement within analytic philosophy, that of ordinary language philosophy (sometimes called Oxford philosophy). He is also considered by some to be a key postmodern thinker, and an interest in his work is a distinguishing feature of many post-analytical philosophers who seek to bridge the gap between analytical and so-called continental philosophy. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Wittgenstein's Philosophy covers the history of this philosophy through a chronology, an introductory essay, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 300 cross-referenced entries on every aspect of his work. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Wittgenstein’s philosophy.

Religion and Wittgenstein's Legacy

Religion and Wittgenstein's Legacy
Author: Mario von der Ruhr
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 615
Release: 2017-05-15
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 1351905023

Wittgenstein was one of the greatest philosophers of the twentieth century. In this collection, distinguished Wittgenstein scholars examine his legacy for the philosophy of religion by examining key areas of his work: Wittgenstein's Tractatus; Frazer's 'Golden Bough'; and the implications of his later philosophy for the understanding of religion. Assessments are also provided of the philosophical and theological reception of his work. The collection provides an invaluable resource for graduate and undergraduate teaching of Wittgenstein in relation to religion.

Peeling Potatoes or Grinding Lenses

Peeling Potatoes or Grinding Lenses
Author: Aristides Baltas
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
Total Pages: 312
Release: 2014-03-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0822977907

"I can work best now while peeling potatoes. . . . It is for me what lens-grinding was for Spinoza."—L. Wittgenstein More than 250 years separate the publication of Baruch Spinoza's Ethics and Ludwig Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Both are considered monumental philosophical treatises, produced during markedly different times in human history, and notoriously challenging to interpret. In Peeling Potatoes or Grinding Lenses, Aristides Baltas contends that these works bear a striking similarity based on the idea of "radical immanence." Each purports to understand the world, thought, and language from the inside and in a way leading to the dissolution of all philosophy. In that guise, both offer a powerful argument against fundamentalism of all sorts and kinds To Spinoza, God is just Nature. God is not above or separate from the world, humanity, or mere objects for, as Nature, He inheres in everything. To Wittgenstein, logic is not above or separate from language, thought, and the world. The hardness of the logical "must" inheres in states of affairs, facts, thoughts, and linguistic acts. Outside there are no truths or sense—only nonsense. Through close readings of the texts based on lessons drawn from radical paradigm change in science, Baltas finds in both works a single-minded purpose, implacable reasoning, and an austerity of style that are rare in the history of philosophy. He analyzes the structure and content of each treatise, the authors' intentions, the limitations and possibilities afforded by scientific discovery in their respective eras, their radical opposition to prevailing philosophical views, and draws out the particulars, as well as the implications, of the arresting match between the two.

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Author: Ludwig Wittgenstein
Publisher: Pattern Books
Total Pages: 148
Release: 2021-04-06
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 3208205406

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus was first published in German in 1921, then translated and published into English in 1922 by C. K. Ogden, with help from F. P. Ramsey, and supervised by Wittgenstein. Tractatus revolves around seven basic propositions and begins to branch off from these propositions to illustrate the relations between words and objects. From this, Wittgenstein applies his connections into the philosophy of language and symbolism to show how the problems of philosophy arise from misuses of language. To Wittgenstein, "Philosophy is not a theory, but an activity." As it is an activity, philosophy must undergo the process of dissolving misuses of logic. Proclaiming philosophy is a matter of logic instead of metaphysics, too, ethics and aesthetics become inexpressible in the form of the spoken propositional logic. From this grounding of philosophy needing to undergo a subversive process of logic, Wittgenstein traverses many subjects from physics and death, the mystical and metaphysical, to the pictorial to imaginary. Even as the only book he published in his lifetime, it stands as one of the most important texts of the 20th century.

Lire le Tractatus logico-philosophicus de Wittgenstein

Lire le Tractatus logico-philosophicus de Wittgenstein
Author: Christiane Chauviré
Publisher: Vrin
Total Pages: 284
Release: 2009
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9782711622290

Depuis pres de quatre-vingt-dix ans le Tractatus continue, avec sa reputation de texte cryptique, a defier les philosophes, suscitant toujours de nouvelles lectures. A force de commentaires, il a peut-etre perdu en mystere mais gagne en clarte: beaucoup de questions sont a present mises a plat, contextualisees, mieux comprises. Nous avons cherche a faire le point sur certaines questions-cles sans essayer de trancher entre les grandes interpretations qui ont ponctue l'histoire de l'exegese du Traite, depuis la lecture en termes d'idealisme linguistique des annees 1950 jusqu'a la lecture plus recente - et plus vivante - en termes d'esprit realiste de Cora Diamond. Mieux elucide, voire demystifie, le Tractatus nous fait, encore et toujours, en revenir au texte, a sa lettre, et a son esprit car, en un sens, le texte, dans sa brievete, en dit toujours plus, meme si parfois on peut avoir l'impression que tout a ete dit.