"Leonardo's work is universally recognized: it arouses enthusiasm, causes astonishment, and provokes lyrical descriptions as well as inflammatory debate. A particular approach in appreciating Leonardo's work is to understand its material aspects more fully (the materials used by the artist, the manner of their preparation, associations between them and ways of combining different materials) so that artistic intention can be studied in depth, while at the same time revealing technical mastery and inventiveness. In addition, studying the way in which works age allows them to be better conserved and preserved. These are precisely the aims of the CHARISMA project, which brings together the expertise and experience of major European institutions that specialize in the examination and conservation of cultural heritage. This book is the result of contributions made by art historians, scientists and conservators during an international meeting held in early 2012 at the National Gallery, London, organized by CHARISMA to coincide with the exhibition 'Leonardo da Vinci: Painter at the Court of Milan' which included the newly-conserved London version of the 'Virgin of the Rocks.' The workshop was devoted to the study of the artistic technique of Leonardo and his workshop. The juxtaposition of different perspectives on the paintings and drawings of one of the most iconic artists of the Italian Renaissance highlights the need to take account of multidisciplinary points of view in order to build a more complete history of the works of art. The various articles illustrate the influence that Leonardo had not only on his students and those with whom he shared his workshops, but also on his contemporaries."--Back cover.