Land Surface Temperature Measurements From Eos Modis Data
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| Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa |
| Publisher | : Independently Published |
| Total Pages | : 56 |
| Release | : 2018-10-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781729365724 |
We have developed a physics-based land-surface temperature (LST) algorithm for simultaneously retrieving surface band-averaged emissivities and temperatures from day/night pairs of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data in seven thermal infrared bands. The set of 14 nonlinear equations in the algorithm is solved with the statistical regression method and the least-squares fit method. This new LST algorithm was tested with simulated MODIS data for 80 sets of band-averaged emissivities calculated from published spectral data of terrestrial materials in wide ranges of atmospheric and surface temperature conditions. Comprehensive sensitivity and error analysis has been made to evaluate the performance of the new LST algorithm and its dependence on variations in surface emissivity and temperature, upon atmospheric conditions, as well as the noise-equivalent temperature difference (NE(Delta)T) and calibration accuracy specifications of the MODIS instrument. In cases with a systematic calibration error of 0.5%, the standard deviations of errors in retrieved surface daytime and nighttime temperatures fall between 0.4-0.5 K over a wide range of surface temperatures for mid-latitude summer conditions. The standard deviations of errors in retrieved emissivities in bands 31 and 32 (in the 10-12.5 micrometer IR spectral window region) are 0.009, and the maximum error in retrieved LST values falls between 2-3 K. Several issues related to the day/night LST algorithm (uncertainties in the day/night registration and in surface emissivity changes caused by dew occurrence, and the cloud cover) have been investigated. The LST algorithms have been validated with MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) dada and ground-based measurement data in two field campaigns conducted in Railroad Valley playa, NV in 1995 and 1996. The MODIS LST version 1 software has been delivered. Wan, Zhengming Goddard Space Flight Center...
| Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 30 |
| Release | : 2018-10-22 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781729045404 |
A generalized split-window method for retrieving land-surface temperature (LST) from AVHRR and MODIS data has been developed. Accurate radiative transfer simulations show that the coefficients in the split-window algorithm for LST must depend on the viewing angle, if we are to achieve a LST accuracy of about 1 K for the whole scan swath range (+/-55.4 deg and +/-55 deg from nadir for AVHRR and MODIS, respectively) and for the ranges of surface temperature and atmospheric conditions over land, which are much wider than those over oceans. We obtain these coefficients from regression analysis of radiative transfer simulations, and we analyze sensitivity and error by using results from systematic radiative transfer simulations over wide ranges of surface temperatures and emissivities, and atmospheric water vapor abundance and temperatures. Simulations indicated that as atmospheric column water vapor increases and viewing angle is larger than 45 deg it is necessary to optimize the split-window method by separating the ranges of the atmospheric column water vapor and lower boundary temperature, and the surface temperature into tractable sub-ranges. The atmospheric lower boundary temperature and (vertical) column water vapor values retrieved from HIRS/2 or MODIS atmospheric sounding channels can be used to determine the range where the optimum coefficients of the split-window method are given. This new LST algorithm not only retrieves LST more accurately but also is less sensitive than viewing-angle independent LST algorithms to the uncertainty in the band emissivities of the land-surface in the split-window and to the instrument noise. Wan, Zhengming Unspecified Center NAS5-31370...
| Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa |
| Publisher | : Independently Published |
| Total Pages | : 32 |
| Release | : 2018-12-30 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781792667657 |
Work accomplished includes: Beta delivery 1 of the MODIS LST product; the first version of MODIS LST ATBD; update of the atmospheric radiative transfer code ATRAD; the development of a new approach look-up table method; and improvement of the TIR spectrometer. Preliminary feasibility analysis of the look-up table approach is presented in terms of showing the effects on the TIR radiance at the top of the atmosphere of the stratospheric and upper atmospheric temperature profiles, the surface emissivity and temperature, the lower atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles, and the viewing angle. Wan, Zhengming NASA-CR-197443, NAS 1.26:197443 NAS5-31370...
| Author | : Zhengming Wan |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Glynn Hulley |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 258 |
| Release | : 2019-06-15 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128144599 |
Taking the Temperature of the Earth: Steps towards Integrated Understanding of Variability and Change presents an integrated, collaborative approach to observing and understanding various surface temperatures from a whole-Earth perspective. The book describes the progress in improving the quality of surface temperatures across different domains of the Earth's surface (air, land, sea, lakes and ice), assessing variability and long-term trends, and providing applications of surface temperature data to detect and better understand Earth system behavior. As cooperation is essential between scientific communities, whose focus on particular domains of Earth's surface and on different components of the observing system help to accelerate scientific understanding and multiply the benefits for society, this book bridges the gap between domains. - Includes sections on data validation and uncertainty, data availability and applications - Integrates remote sensing and in situ data sources - Presents a whole earth perspective on surface temperature datasets, delving into all domains to build and understand relationships between the datasets
| Author | : Bhaskar Ramachandran |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 894 |
| Release | : 2010-12-14 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1441967494 |
Land Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change: The Science of ASTER and MODIS is an edited compendium of contributions dealing with ASTER and MODIS satellite sensors aboard NASA's Terra and Aqua platforms launched as part of the Earth Observing System fleet in 1999 and 2002 respectively. This volume is divided into six sections. The first three sections provide insights into the history, philosophy, and evolution of the EOS, ASTER and MODIS instrument designs and calibration mechanisms, and the data systems components used to manage and provide the science data and derived products. The latter three sections exclusively deal with ASTER and MODIS data products and their applications, and the future of these two classes of remotely sensed observations.
| Author | : Shunlin Liang |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 171 |
| Release | : 2013-11-05 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3319025880 |
This book describes the algorithms, validation and preliminary analysis of the Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) products, a long-term, high-quality dataset that is now freely available worldwide to government organizations and agencies, scientific research institutions, students and members of the general public. The GLASS products include leaf area index, broadband albedo, broadband emissivity, downward shortwave radiation and photosynthetically active radiation. The first three GLASS products cover 1981 to 2012 with 1km and 5km spatial resolutions and 8-day temporal resolution, and the last two GLASS products span 2008 to 2010 with 3-hour temporal resolution and 5km spatial resolution. These GLASS products are unique. The first three are spatially continuous and cover the longest period of time among all current similar satellite products. The other two products are the highest spatial-resolution global radiation products from satellite observations that are currently available. These products can be downloaded from Beijing Normal University at http://glass-product.bnu.edu.cn/ and the University of Maryland Global Land Cover Facility at http://www.glcf.umd.edu/ The GLASS products are the outcome of a key research project entitled “Generation & Applications of Global Products of Essential Land Variables”, supported by funding from the High-Tech Research and Development Program of China and involving dozens of institutions and nearly one hundred scientists and researchers. Following an introduction, the book contains five chapters corresponding to these five GLASS products: background, algorithm, quality control and validation, preliminary analysis and applications. It discusses the long-term environmental changes detected from the GLASS products and other data sources at both global and local scales and also provides detailed analysis of regional hotspots where environmental changes are mainly associated with climate change, drought, land-atmosphere interactions, and human activities. The book is based primarily on a set of published journal papers about these five GLASS products and includes updated information. Since these products have now begun to be widely used, this book is an essential reference document. It is also a very helpful resource to anyone interested in satellite remote sensing and its applications.
| Author | : Thomas J. Schmugge |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 422 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1461230322 |
General circulation model (GCM) experiments in the late 1970's indicated that the climate is sensitive to variations in evaporation at the land surface. Thus, in the context of climate modeling, it became important to develop techniques which would realistically estimate the evaporation flux on land. Land Surface Evaporation: Measurement and Parameterization discusses strategies for the use of experimental data in developing and testing parameterization schemes of the evaporation flux in GCM's. The book reviews state-of-the-art techniques, such as remote sensing, which measure evaporation fluxes over continental surfaces. It evaluates their relevance with respect to the various spatial and temporal scales of interest. This book will provide researchers in climatology, meteorology, hydrology and water management, and remote sensing with a thorough overview of current research in land surface evaporation. It will also give young scientists insight into surface processes.
| Author | : Marco B.J. Berghege |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 702 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : Aeronautics |
| ISBN | : |
