Labour Productivity, Investment in Human Capital and Youth Employment

Labour Productivity, Investment in Human Capital and Youth Employment
Author: Olga Rymkevich
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 266
Release: 2010-01-01
Genre: Law
ISBN: 904113249X

Unemployment levels are on the rise nearly everywhere, and the rate is particularly high among young people. If this trend is not reversed, the potential long-term economic and social damage is incalculable. For this reason a particular urgency attended an international conference on the subject held in March 2009 at the Marco Biagi Foundation in Modena, Italy, in the course of which specialists in labour law, human resources management, labour economics, sociology, education, and statistics met to present and compare research. This issue of the Bulletin of Comparative Labour Relations includes a selection of the papers presented at that conference. Although the selected essays present findings on specific issues in particular countries, the general applicability at the global level is evident. Assessing measures taken to deal with youth unemployment in thirteen countries (Italy, Spain, Russia, Sweden, Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Israel, Nigeria, the United States, China, and Singapore), twenty-five leading authorities describe and analyse such aspects of the problem as the following: vocational education and training; quality of employment as well as quantity; links between educational institutions and local, national and international enterprises; consultation and co-operation between employers' associations and trade unions; job security vs. employment security; funding for postgraduate programmes, internships, and on-the-job vocational training; career development for future managers; safeguards for workers in a framework of flexibility; labour market pressure from unskilled immigrant workers; 'earn-as-you-learn' schemes; work in the informal economy; and the rationale behind the phasing out of passive labour market measures for school leavers such as unemployment benefits.

Productivity, Investment in Human Capital and the Challenge of Youth Employment

Productivity, Investment in Human Capital and the Challenge of Youth Employment
Author: Pietro Manzella
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Total Pages: 390
Release: 2011-07-12
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1443832340

From an international and comparative perspective, young people’s access to the labour market is a complex issue with certain contradictory aspects reflecting the level of development of labour law and industrial relations in their respective countries. In the most advanced economies, there has been a steady increase in the age at which young people exit the educational system and enter the labour market, giving rise to significant economic and social problems. The increase in levels of educational attainment is associated in some cases with an alarming rate of unemployment among those with academic qualifications, while employers encounter considerable difficulty in recruiting workers for unskilled and semi-skilled positions. The economies of developing countries, on the other hand, are characterized by different trends, reminiscent of the early stages of modern labour law, with the large-scale exploitation of young workers and children, many of whom join the flow of migrants towards the more highly developed regions of the world, with the consequent risk of impoverishing human capital in the country of origin. The ADAPT Labour Studies Book-Series has in connection been set up with a view to achieving a better understanding of these and other issues in the field of Labour and Employment relations in a global dimension, through an interdisciplinary and comparative approach.

Tackling Youth Unemployment

Tackling Youth Unemployment
Author: Francesca Fazio
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Total Pages: 435
Release: 2014-03-17
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1443857866

Youth have always had higher unemployment rates – about twice or more than the average – as they are usually the last to be hired in an expansion and the first to be let go in a recession. In addition, young people engage in extensive job searching in their early years, and this can imply considerable job churning as both youth and employers look for a good match. This highlights the importance of facilitating the school-to-work transition and having early interventions to assist such youth before negative conditions set in. It also highlights the potential importance of determining those young people most “at risk” of long-term unemployment, and of targeting or streaming them into programmes that will yield the largest incremental net benefits given their characteristics. Unemployed youth without previous work experience often are not eligible for unemployment insurance benefits when they first enter the labour market. When they do receive job search assistance, they often face a bewildering array of programmes that are available to assist them, often with little guidance to help them select the programs that best meet their needs. Consequently, ensuring that today’s youth do not become a “lost generation” is an urgent matter. George Bernard Shaw once said that it is too bad that “youth is wasted on the young”, implying that youth do not realize the opportunities they have as youth and only see them as they get older. There is a danger, however, that many of today’s youth may be never have those opportunities and hence not even see them with hindsight. This book and others in the ADAPT Labour Studies Book-Series are intended to deal with these challenges, to make sure that youth is not wasted on the young.

World Development Report 2019

World Development Report 2019
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 201
Release: 2018-10-31
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1464813566

Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.

OECD Economic Surveys: Hungary 2012

OECD Economic Surveys: Hungary 2012
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 154
Release: 2012-03-13
Genre:
ISBN: 9264127275

OECD's 2012 Economic Survey of Hungary reviews economic developments, prospects and policies and provides a series of policy recommendations. It also includes a special chapter on the labour market.

Human Capital Investment

Human Capital Investment
Author: Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
Publisher: Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development
Total Pages: 128
Release: 1998
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

Investment in human capital is to the fore of debate and analysis in OECD countries about how to promote economic prosperity, fuller employment, and social cohesion. Individuals, organisations and nations increasingly recognise that high levels of know

Handbook of the Economics of Education

Handbook of the Economics of Education
Author: Eric A Hanushek
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 853
Release: 2006-11-13
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0080465668

The Handbooks in Economics series continues to provide the various branches of economics with handbooks which are definitive reference sources, suitable for use by professional researchers, advanced graduate students, or by those seeking a teaching supplement. With contributions from leading researchers, each Handbook presents an accurate, self-contained survey of the current state of the topic under examination. These surveys summarize the most recent discussions in journals, and elucidate new developments. Although original material is also included, the main aim of this series is the provision of comprehensive and accessible surveys. *Every volume contains contributions from leading researchers *Each Handbook presents an accurate, self-contained survey of a particular topic *The series provides comprehensive and accessible surveys

The Psychology of Entrepreneurship

The Psychology of Entrepreneurship
Author: J. Robert Baum
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 433
Release: 2014-04-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1317613791

Entrepreneurship is essential for international social and economic well-being, as new ventures are the dominant source of job creation, market innovation, and economic growth in many societies. In this book, a noted group of researchers use findings, methods, and theories of modern psychology as the basis for gaining important, new insights into entrepreneurship-and into the hearts and minds of the talented, passionate professionals who create new business ventures. The Psychology of Entrepreneurship, a volume in the SIOP Organizational Frontiers Series, is the first book written about the psychology of entrepreneurship, and includes over 60 research questions to guide industrial organizational psychology, organizational behavior, and entrepreneurship research about entrepreneurs. It seeks to answer questions such as, how and why do some people, but not others, recognize opportunities, decide to start new ventures, and organize successful, rapidly growing new ventures? Some topics addressed include: methods to help researchers explore the domain of entrepreneurship research; the entire process of starting a new business; characteristics of the individual entrepreneur; the history of entrepreneurship education; the cross-cultural effects of entrepreneurship; and the viewpoints of seasoned psychologists who analyze current entrepreneurship research methods. This book will appeal to teachers, students, and researchers in the areas of industrial organizational psychology, organizational behavior, entrepreneurship, and management.

Labour Law and Industrial Relations in Recessionary Times

Labour Law and Industrial Relations in Recessionary Times
Author: Anthony Forsyth
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Total Pages: 510
Release: 2014-01-14
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1443855979

This volume includes a number of papers written in English and published in the last fifteen years in which the Italian labour market faced many changes. The book not only provides the international readership with a frame of reference – in both conceptual and legal terms – that helps to appreciate the Italian Labour Law currently in force, but also represents a contribution to moving beyond the self-referential nature of the Italian debate on the reform of labour laws. As such, the book supplies the reform process of the Italian labour market with an international and comparative dimension which – in accordance with the programmatic approach of Marco Biagi – will also feed the debate at the national level.