Laboratory Studies Of The Optical Properties Of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Using Cavity Enhanced Aerosol Extinction Spectroscopy Ce Aes
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Aerosol Optics
Author | : Alexander A. Kokhanovsky |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 154 |
Release | : 2008-03-18 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3540499091 |
This new text offers experienced students a comprehensive review of available techniques for the remote sensing of aerosols. These small particles influence both atmospheric visibility and the thermodynamics of the atmosphere. They are also of great importance in any consideration of climate change problems. Aerosols may also be responsible for the loss of harvests, human health problems and ecological disasters. Thus, this detailed study of aerosol properties on a global scale could not be more timely.
Light-Induced Processes in Optically-Tweezed Aerosol Droplets
Author | : Kerry J. Knox |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 209 |
Release | : 2011-03-27 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3642163483 |
Aerosols play a critical role in a broad range of scientific disciplines, such as atmospheric chemistry and physics, combustion science, drug delivery and human health. This thesis explores the fundamentals of a new technique for capturing single or multiple particles using light, and for characterising these particles by Raman or fluorescence spectroscopy. The outcome of this research represents a significant development in optical manipulation techniques, specifically in optical tweezing. These findings can be applied to studies of the mass accommodation of gas-phase water molecules adsorbing onto a water surface. Not only is this a fundamental process of interest to physical chemists, but it is important for understanding the role of aerosol particles in the atmosphere, including their ability to become cloud droplets. This new strategy for investigating aerosol dynamics is fundamental in helping us understand the indirect effect of aerosols on the climate.
Optical Properties of the Atmosphere (Third Edition)
Author | : R. A. McClatchey |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 124 |
Release | : 1972 |
Genre | : Absorption spectra |
ISBN | : |
A series of tables and charts is presented from which the atmospheric transmittance between any two points in the terrestrial atmosphere can be determined. This material is based on a set of five atmospheric models ranging from tropical to arctic and two aerosol models. A selected set of laser frequencies has been defined for which monochromatic transmittance values have been given. For low resolution transmittance predcition, a series of charts has been drawn providing the capability for predicting transmittance at a resolution of 20 wave-numbers. Separate sections are included on scattered solar radiation, infrared emission, refractive effects, and attenuation by cloud and fog. This third edition differs from the others in that the low resolution spectral curves for the uniformly mixed gases and in the short wavelength region for water vapor have been revised, providing some overall improvement in accuracy; and more importantly, an appendix has been added providing model data and equivalent sea level path data for the U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1962.
Investigation of Aerosol Optical and Chemical Properties Using Humidity Controlled Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 113 |
Release | : 2017 |
Genre | : Atmospheric aerosols |
ISBN | : |
Scientists have been observing a change in the climate since the beginning of the 20th century that cannot be attributed to any of the natural influences of the past. Natural and anthropogenic substances and processes perturb the Earth's energy budget, contributing to climate change. In particular, aerosols (particles suspended in air) have long been recognized to be important in processes throughout the atmosphere that affect climate. They directly influence the radiative balance of the Earth's atmosphere, affect cloud formation and properties, and are also key air pollutants that contribute to a variety of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Despite their importance, aerosol particles are less well-characterized than greenhouse gases with respect to their sources, temporal and spatial concentration distribution, and physical and chemical properties. This uncertainty is mainly caused by the variable and insufficiently understood sources, formation and transformation processes, and complex composition of atmospheric particles. Instruments that can precisely and accurately measure and characterize the aerosol physical and chemical properties are in great demand. Atmospheric relative humidity (RH) has a crucial impact on the particles' optical properties; the RH dependence of the particle extinction coefficient is an important parameter for radiative forcing and thus climate change modeling. In this work a Humidity-Controlled Cavity Ring-Down (HC-CRD) aerosol optical instrument is described and its ability to measure RH dependent extinction coefficients and related hygroscopicity parameters is characterized.
Optical Effects Associated with Small Particles
Author | : Peter W. Barber |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 362 |
Release | : 1988 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9789971504625 |
This volume is a collection of review articles by scientists who have pioneered many of the recent advances in studies of the optical effects of small particles. The book begins with a review of the multitude of sharp dielectric resonances which exist in all optical spectra as a result of particle size and shape. Latest advances in absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy of a single particle and/or an ensemble of particles are also discussed, as well as advances in the energy transfer mechanisms for molecules embedded in the particle. The effects of laser-induced heating on a single particle are reviewed in terms of the hydrodynamics and thermodynamics of the liquid droplet and its ambient gas surrounding. The limits of applying bulk optical constants to small particles which lie between the bulk substance and the quantum-sized substance are also presented.
Optical Properties of the Atmosphere (Revised)
Author | : R. A. McClatchey |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 108 |
Release | : 1971 |
Genre | : Atmospheric models |
ISBN | : |
A series of tables and charts is presented from which the atmospheric transmittance between any two points in the terrestrial atmosphere can be determined. This material is based on a set of five atmospheric models ranging from tropical to arctic and two aerosol models. A selected set of laser frequencies has been defined for which monochromatic transmittance values have been given. For low resolution transmittance prediction, a series of charts has been drawn providing the capability for predicting transmittance at a resolution of 20 wavenumbers. Separate sections are included on scattered solar radiation, infrared emission, refractive effects, and attenuation by cloud and fog.