La vogue des compétences dans la formation des enseignants

La vogue des compétences dans la formation des enseignants
Author: Maurice Tardif
Publisher: Presses de l'Université Laval
Total Pages: 278
Release: 2014-10-17T00:00:00-04:00
Genre: Education
ISBN: 2763722210

En Amérique du Nord et en Europe, c'est à partir de la fin des années 1980 que la vogue des compétences envahit le monde scolaire, les programmes d'enseignement, l'activité enseignante et, dans la même foulée, tout le domaine des formations aux professions de l'enseignement. A partir de là, les anciens programmes scolaires organisés par objectifs et par contenus de connaissances sont retraduits en programmes par compétences. La formation des enseignants subit la même opération de traduction et les anciens programmes se voient désormais fondés sur des référentiels de compétences. D'où vient cette vogue et qu'est-ce qui explique l'apparent engouement à l'endroit des compétences sur le plan tant des politiques que des réformes éducatives ? Comment les caractériser par rapport aux conceptions plus anciennes de la formation scolaire et du personnel enseignant ? En quoi modifient-elles les enjeux liés à la formation, à l'évaluation ainsi qu'à la qualification du personnel enseignant ? Quel sort est réservé aux connaissances issues de la recherche sur l'enseignement, mais aussi aux traditions scientifiques et critiques issues des sciences sociales et humaines, lorsqu'elles passent à la moulinette des compétences ? Pour traiter de ces questions, cet ouvrage réunit certains des meilleurs chercheurs et spécialistes des compétences en formation des enseignants en France, en Suisse, en Belgique et au Québec. Il présente une synthèse des réflexions et des travaux les plus récents au sein de la Francophonie concernant la formation des " enseignants compétents ".

La vogue des compétences dans la formation des enseignants

La vogue des compétences dans la formation des enseignants
Author: Maurice Tardif
Publisher: Editions Hermann
Total Pages: 266
Release: 2014-11-19
Genre:
ISBN: 9782705673413

En Amérique du Nord et en Europe, c’est à partir de la fin des années 1980 que la vogue des compétences envahit le monde scolaire, les programmes d’enseignement, l’activité enseignante et, dans la même foulée, tout le domaine des formations aux professions de l’enseignement. À partir de là, les anciens programmes scolaires organisés par objectifs et par contenus de connaissances sont retraduits en programmes par compétences. La formation des enseignants subit la même opération de traduction et les anciens programmes se voient désormais fondés sur des référentiels de compétences. Cet ouvrage réunit certains des meilleurs chercheurs et spécialistes des compétences en formation des enseignants en France, en Suisse, en Belgique et au Québec. Il présente une synthèse des réflexions et des travaux les plus récents au sein de la Francophonie concernant la formation des " enseignants compétents ". (4e de couv.)

Unrigging American Elections

Unrigging American Elections
Author: Dari Sylvester Tran
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 214
Release: 2018-12-13
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3030035476

This critical and systematic analysis of election reforms post-HAVA (Help America Vote Act of 2002) offers a detailed look ahead at the significant challenges that remain in the context of a new presidential administration. Employing a mixed methodological approach, this book analyzes the biggest election challenges faced by voters and election administrators in the areas of voter registration, polling place and non-polling place voting, election administration personnel, and voting technology. Within the framework of the competing values of integrity and access, this book fills a crucial gap in the existing literature by analyzing the impact of election reform wins and losses. The book concludes with a promising agenda for the future of election reform and the political considerations that will be brought to bear on that agenda.

Gender Change in Academia

Gender Change in Academia
Author: Birgit Riegraf
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 421
Release: 2010-07-15
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 3531925016

Editors’ Foreword The fundamental changes currently taking place in the national and international science landscapes can no longer be overlooked. Within those changes, reforms do not go ‘as planned’ but, as is always the case with processes of rationali- tion, have a series of unintended effects. At the same time it becomes incre- ingly clear who in this process are the winners and who are the losers, although this is still subject to fluctuation and change. This can be illustrated by two - amples from current events: Where the range of taught courses is concerned, as part of the Bologna Process the new structuring of student study paths and their organisation is aimed at unifying the European area of science to ensure a study that is equally permissive and efficient. However, it is to be deplored that the mobility of s- dents has become more restricted because of an increasing specialisation in the available study paths. Also, bachelor degrees do not meet with the anticipated high response from the labour market in all countries, so that the master’s degree is becoming more or less a ‘must’, while at the same time the number of study places on master’s courses is limited. Instead of the intended reduction in the duration of study time in comparison to the previous German ‘Magister’ and ‘Diplom’, rather a prolongation in the duration of studies has been recorded.

Your Mindful Compass

Your Mindful Compass
Author: Andrea Maloney Schara
Publisher:
Total Pages: 318
Release: 2013-12-01
Genre: Families
ISBN: 9780615928791

"Your Mindful Compass" takes us behind the emotional curtain to see the mechanisms regulating individuals in social systems. There is great comfort and wisdom in knowing we can increase our awareness to manage the swift and ancient mechanisms of social control. We can gain greater flexibility by seeing how social controls work in systems from ants to humans. To be less controlled by others, we learn how emotional systems influence our relationship-oriented brain. People want to know what goes on in families that give rise to amazing leaders and/or terrorists. For the first time in history we can understand the systems in which we live. The social sciences have been accumulating knowledge since the early fifties as to how we are regulated by others. S. Milgram, S. Ashe, P. Zimbardo and J. Calhoun, detail the vulnerability to being duped and deceived and the difficulty of cooperating when values differ. Murray Bowen, M.D., the first researcher to observe several live-in families, for up to three years, at the National Institute of Mental Health. Describing how family members overly influence one another and distribute stress unevenly, Bowen described both how symptoms and family leaders emerge in highly stressed families. Our brain is not organized to automatically perceive that each family has an emotional system, fine-tuned by evolution and "valuing" its survival as a whole, as much as the survival of any individual. It is easier to see this emotional system function in ants or mice but not in humans. The emotional system is organized to snooker us humans: encouraging us to take sides, run away from others, to pressure others, to get sick, to blame others, and to have great difficulty in seeing our part in problems. It is hard to see that we become anxious, stressed out and even that we are difficult to deal with. But "thinking systems" can open the doors of perception, allowing us to experience the world in a different way. This book offers both coaching ideas and stories from leaders as to strategies to break out from social control by de-triangling, using paradoxes, reversals and other types of interruptions of highly linked emotional processes. Time is needed to think clearly about the automatic nature of the two against one triangle. Time and experience is required as we learn strategies to put two people together and get self outside the control of the system. In addition, it takes time to clarify and define one's principles, to know what "I" will or will not do and to be able to take a stand with others with whom we are very involved. The good news is that systems' thinking is possible for anyone. It is always possible for an individual to understand feelings and to integrate them with their more rational brains. In so doing, an individual increases his or her ability to communicate despite misunderstandings or even rejection from important others. The effort involved in creating your Mindful Compass enables us to perceive the relationship system without experiencing it's threats. The four points on the Mindful Compass are: 1) Action for Self, 2) Resistance to Forward Progress, 3) Knowledge of Social Systems and the 4) The Ability to Stand Alone. Each gives us a view of the process one enters when making an effort to define a self and build an emotional backbone. It is not easy to find our way through the social jungle. The ability to know emotional systems well enough to take a position for self and to become more differentiated is part of the natural way humans cope with pressure. Now people can use available knowledge to build an emotional backbone, by thoughtfully altering their part in the relationship system. No one knows how far one can go by making an effort to be more of a self-defined individual in relationships to others. Through increasing emotional maturity, we can find greater individual freedom at the same time that we increase our ability to cooperate and to be close to others.

The New Politics of Numbers

The New Politics of Numbers
Author: Andrea Mennicken
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 514
Release: 2021-10-11
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3030782018

This open access book offers unique insight into how and where ideas and instruments of quantification have been adopted, and how they have come to matter. Rather than asking what quantification is, New Politics of Numbers explores what quantification does, its manifold consequences in multiple domains. It scrutinizes the power of numbers in terms of the changing relations between numbers and democracy, the politics of evidence, and dreams and schemes of bettering society. The book engages Foucault inspired studies of quantification and the economics of convention in a critical dialogue. In so doing, it provides a rich account of the plurality of possible ways in which numbers have come to govern, highlighting not only their disciplinary effects, but also the collective mobilization capacities quantification can offer. This book will be invaluable reading for academics and graduate students in a wide variety of disciplines, as well as policymakers interested in the opportunities and pitfalls of governance by numbers.

Science and Empires

Science and Empires
Author: P. Petitjean
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 419
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401125945

SCIENCE AND EMPIRES: FROM THE INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM TO THE BOOK Patrick PETITJEAN, Catherine JAMI and Anne Marie MOULIN The International Colloquium "Science and Empires - Historical Studies about Scientific De velopment and European Expansion" is the product of an International Colloquium, "Sciences and Empires - A Comparative History of Scien tific Exchanges: European Expansion and Scientific Development in Asian, African, American and Oceanian Countries". Organized by the REHSEIS group (Research on Epistemology and History of Exact Sciences and Scientific Institutions) of CNRS (National Center for Scientific Research), the colloquium was held from 3 to 6 April 1990 in the UNESCO building in Paris. This colloquium was an idea of Professor Roshdi Rashed who initiated this field of studies in France some years ago, and proposed "Sciences and Empires" as one of the main research programmes for the The project to organize such a colloquium was a bit REHSEIS group. of a gamble. Its subject, reflected in the title "Sciences and Empires", is not a currently-accepted sub-discipline of the history of science; rather, it refers to a set of questions which found autonomy only recently. The terminology was strongly debated by the participants and, as is frequently suggested in this book, awaits fuller clarification.

English Language Teaching in General Teacher Training Colleges and Development of Teachers' Competences in Teaching Language Systems

English Language Teaching in General Teacher Training Colleges and Development of Teachers' Competences in Teaching Language Systems
Author: Clovis Mbeudeu
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 138
Release: 2020-08-07
Genre: Foreign Language Study
ISBN: 3346221717

Master's Thesis from the year 2019 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Grammar, Style, Working Technique, grade: 16, University of Yaoundé 1 (Faculty of Education), language: English, abstract: This work set out to investigate English language teaching in General Teacher Training Colleges (GTTCs) with focus on strategies that can enhance trainees' oral competences in the teaching of oral aspects of English during micro-teaching and beyond. The study was motivated by our observation that pronunciation is hardly taught in primary schools in the Francophone sub-system of education in Cameroon. It was hypothesized that the initial training received by French-speaking student teachers in Government Bilingual Teacher Training (GBTTC) College Nlongkak does not equip them with adequate skills to teach English pronunciation activities effectively. The data for this qualitative study was collected through lesson observation and document analysis. The typical sampling method was applied in order to come up with the sample population. This population consisted of trainers and trainees of GBTTC Yaounde-Nlongkak. The data collected were analysed following the content analysis method and against the back-drop of the research questions that guided the study. The following findings were obtained. First, the frequency of lessons on English pronunciation pedagogy was not the same in all classes. Second, schemes of work found in most logbooks studied pay little attention to the oral aspects of English. Third, methods and techniques that trainers used to teach English pronunciation pedagogy were not informed by current methodologies in pronunciation pedagogy. Fourth, it was revealed that most trainees taught very few lessons in the domain of oral language. Fifth, most of the trainees had difficulties preparing lessons on English pronunciation according to the exigencies of the Competence Based Approach. Sixth, all student teachers showed no mastery of the subject matter and the teaching of the oral domain of English Language during micro-teaching. These findings imply that the input received by trainees does not build their competences in teaching activities of the domain of oral language. It is therefore suggested that initial training of teacher trainers at GTTC should be revisited. School administrators, policymakers, trainers, and trainees should reconsider the importance of teaching activities of the domain of oral language and the building of trainees' and trainers' competences.

Converting STEM into STEAM Programs

Converting STEM into STEAM Programs
Author: Arthur J. Stewart
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2020-02-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030251012

This book examines the push and pull of factors contributing to and constraining conversion of STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education programs into STEAM (science, technology, engineering, math and arts) education programs. The chapters in this book offer thought-provoking examples, theory, and suggestions about the advantages, methods and challenges involved in making STEM to STEAM conversions, at levels ranging from K12 through graduate university programs. A large driving force for STEM-to-STEAM conversions is the emerging awareness that the scientific workforce finds itself less than ideally prepared when engaging with so-called ‘wicked problems’ – the complex suite of emerging, multifaceted issues such as global climate change, social injustice, and pandemic diseases. Dealing with these issues requires cross-disciplinary expertise and the ability to insert technical and scientific understanding effectively into areas of public planning and policy. The different models and possibilities for STEAM, as the next phase of the STEM revolution, laid out in this book will promote research and further our understanding of STEAM as a forward-thinking approach to education. Gillian Roehrig, STEM Education, University of Minnesota, USA The ideal teacher sees opportunities for integrating ideas from multiple disciplines into every lesson. This book offers many worthwhile suggestions on how to do that deliberately and systematically George DeBoer, Project 2061 of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, USA For the last several years, calls for expanding STEM education have grown, but so too have concerns about technocratic approaches to STEM. This volume challenges the community to consider broader views on STEM by focusing on the place of arts education within this movement. The chapters offer much needed, new perspectives on the (re)integration of the arts and sciences Troy Sadler, School of Education, University of North Carolina, USA