Democratization Without Representation

Democratization Without Representation
Author: Kenneth C. Shadlen
Publisher: Penn State Press
Total Pages: 207
Release: 2015-11-09
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0271076348

When countries become more democratic, new opportunities arise for individuals and groups to participate in politics and influence the making of policy. But democratization does not ensure better representation for everyone, and indeed some sectors of society are ill-equipped to take advantage of these new opportunities. Small industry in Mexico, Kenneth Shadlen shows, is an excellent example of a sector whose representation decreased during democratization. Shadlen’s analysis focuses on the basic characteristics of small firms that complicate the process of securing representation in both authoritarian and democratic environments. He then shows how increased pluralism and electoral competition served to exacerbate the political problems facing the sector during the course of democratization in Mexico. These characteristics created problems for small firms both in acting collectively through interest associations and civil society organizations and in wielding power within political parties. The changes that democratization effected in the structure of corporatism put small industry at a significant disadvantage in the policy-making arena even while there was general agreement on the crucial importance of this sector in the new neoliberal economy, especially for generating employment. The final chapter extends the analysis by making comparisons with the experience of small industry representation in Argentina and Brazil. Shadlen uses extensive interviews and archival research to provide new evidence and insights on the difficult challenges of interest aggregation and representation for small industry. He conducted interviews with a wide range of owners and managers of small firms, state and party officials, and leaders of business associations and civil society organizations. He also did research at the National Archives in Mexico City and in the archives of the most important business organizations for small industry in the post-World War II period.

Latin American Economic Outlook 2013 SME Policies for Structural Change

Latin American Economic Outlook 2013 SME Policies for Structural Change
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 186
Release: 2012-11-16
Genre:
ISBN: 9264180737

This edition of the Latin American Economic Outlook finds that the region has weathered the recent turbulence in the global economy with reletive strength. This edition focuses on the role of Small and Medium Enterprises in Latin America.

Handbook of Research on Economic, Financial, and Industrial Impacts on Infrastructure Development

Handbook of Research on Economic, Financial, and Industrial Impacts on Infrastructure Development
Author: Das, Ramesh Chandra
Publisher: IGI Global
Total Pages: 494
Release: 2017-04-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1522523626

The infrastructure of a country has significant effects on both the lives of its citizens and its place in international markets. As such, it is imperative to develop policies to promote the quality of a nation’s infrastructure. The Handbook of Research on Economic, Financial, and Industrial Impacts on Infrastructure Development is a pivotal reference source for the latest scholarly research on various initiatives and policies developed to enhance the current infrastructure of modern nations. Including the role of economics, finance, and multiple industry perspectives, this book covers a range of pertinent topics such as R&D initiatives, foreign direct investment, and trade liberalization, and this publication is an ideal reference source for researchers, academics, practitioners, and students interested in recent trends in infrastructure development.

A New Blue Ocean

A New Blue Ocean
Author: Yihai Li
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 267
Release: 2021-01-18
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9811576874

This book explores the achievements and obstacles confronting China and major Latin American countries in developing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the context of new changes in “The Belt and Road” Initiative. In the first three chapters, the Chinese authors elaborate on the relationship between “The Belt and Road” Initiative and globalization, as well as strategies towards forming an increasingly close bond between China and Latin America. The book ends with chapters dedicated to analyzing the BRI conditions and effects on SMEs of Latin-American countries. These country specific chapters will show the specific opportunities and challenges the countries conditions, be they political, geological, etc. may have on the development of SMEs under the BRI. The book will be useful not only to industry leaders looking to better understand how they can potentially benefit from the BRI but also by the general public, as the book will explain what this new era of globalization, and more specifically the BRI, will mean for the world’s industries and society.

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in International Economic Law

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in International Economic Law
Author: Thilo Rensmann
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 417
Release: 2017
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0198795653

International economic law, with its traditional focus on large multinational enterprises, is only slowly waking up to the new reality of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In the wake of the digital revolution, smaller companies now play an important role in the economic landscape. In 2015 the UN expressly called for SMEs to have greater access to international trade and investment, and it is increasingly recognized that the integration of SMEs provides one of the keys to creating a more sustainable and inclusive global economy. As 'born global' SMEs increasingly permeate transnational supply chains, so interactions between these companies and legal policy makers proliferate. Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in International Economic Law offers the first comprehensive analysis of the interaction between SMEs and international economic law. This book presents a broad international perspective, gathering together contributions by leading experts from academia, legal practice, and international organizations. It opens up a field of enquiry into this so far unexplored dynamic and provide a touchstone for future debate. Diverse perspectives illuminate regional developments (in particular within the EU), such as State Aid and the implications of multinational free trade partnership agreements. The analysis covers a broad spectrum of international trade and investment law focusing on issues of particular interest to SMEs, such as trade in services, government procurement, and trade facilitation. The essays also examine questions of legitimacy and conduct in the global marketplace; in particular, concerns surrounding the threat posed to the interests of domestic SMEs by the growing liberalization of international trade and investment. These essays constitute essential reading for practitioners and academics seeking to navigate a previously neglected trend in international economic law.

Chile

Chile
Author: Mike Goldberg
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 56
Release:
Genre:
ISBN:

Analysis of the German EXIST-II-Program and Its Transferability to Mexico

Analysis of the German EXIST-II-Program and Its Transferability to Mexico
Author: Claudia Erika Gutiérrez Díaz
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 494
Release: 2013
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3844102582

The promotion of entrepreneurship in higher education appears in the political spectrum as a new economic policy arena. In this field policy blanks and new kinds of problems need to be addressed. Scholars agree that many of the current structures and models in higher education do not fit the necessary requirements for the development of entrepreneurship training. New perspectives in this field can be gained through an analysis of the feasibility of a policy transfer of the German EXIST-II-Program to Mexico. This program was developed to address the entrepreneurial potential within higher educational institutions through the coordination of entrepreneurial efforts carried out by regional, national and supranational actors. An empirical analysis of the objectives, regulations, actors and governance, personnel (staff), financial resources, beneficiaries and output of the program as well as a comparative study of Germany versus Mexico in this book demonstrates under what conditions the transfer of know-how from Germany, specifically from the EXIST-II-Program to universities in Mexico could be implemented. The research offers alternatives to improve the current ongoing initiatives in Mexico.

Handbook of Business Interest Associations, Firm Size and Governance

Handbook of Business Interest Associations, Firm Size and Governance
Author: Franz Traxler
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 458
Release: 2007-05-07
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1134096011

This Handbook presents a theory of Business Interest Associations and fifteen empirical country by country case studies in the EU. The book is organized into three main parts. Part I develops a theory of business associations which centres on firm size as the key explanatory variable. Part II consists of country studies covering the EU-15, which are written along strictly comparable lines of analysis. Part III contains the cross-nationally comparative analysis. The book will make essential reading for researchers working in organization studies, industrial relations, industrial sociology and political science, as well as practioners in related fields.