John C. Calhoun's Theory of Republicanism

John C. Calhoun's Theory of Republicanism
Author: John G. Grove
Publisher: University Press of Kansas
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2016-12-16
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0700623345

John C. Calhoun (1782–1850), the South Carolinian who served as a congressman, a senator, and the seventh vice president of the United States, is best known for his role in southern resistance to abolition and his doctrine of state nullification. But he was also an accomplished political thinker, articulating the theory of the “concurrent majority.” This theory, John G. Grove contends, is a rare example of American political thought resting on classical assumptions about human nature and political life. By tracing Calhoun's ideas over the course of his political career, Grove unravels the relationship between the theory of the concurrent majority and civic harmony, constitutional reform, and American slavery. In doing so, Grove distinguishes Calhoun's political philosophy from his practical, political commitment to states' rights and slavery, and identifies his ideas as a genuinely classical form of republicanism that focuses on the political nature of mankind, public virtue, and civic harmony. Man was a social creature, Calhoun argued, and the role of government was to maximize society's ability to thrive. The requirements of social harmony, not abstract individual rights, were therefore the foundation of political order. Hence the concurrent majority permitted the unique elements in any given society to pursue their interests as long as these did not damage the whole society; it forced rulers to act in the interest of the whole. John C. Calhoun's Theory of Republicanism offers a close analysis of the historical development of this idea from a basic, inherited republican ideology into a well-defined political theory. In the process, this book demonstrates that Calhoun's infamous defense of American slavery, while unwavering, was intellectually shallow and, in some ways, contradicted his highly developed political theory.

Calhoun and Popular Rule

Calhoun and Popular Rule
Author: H. Lee Cheek
Publisher: University of Missouri Press
Total Pages: 220
Release: 2004
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 9780826215482

Although John C. Calhoun (1782-1850) remains one of the major figures in American political thought, many of his critics have tried to discredit him as merely a Southern partisan whose ideas were obsolete even during his lifetime. In Calhoun and Popular Rule, H. Lee Cheek, Jr., attempts to correct such misconceptions by presenting Calhoun as an original political thinker who devoted his life to the recovery of a "proper mode of popular rule." As the first combined evaluation of Calhoun's most important treatises, The Disquisition and The Discourse, this work merges Calhoun's theoretical position with his endeavors to restore the need for popular rule. It also compares Calhoun's ideas with those of other great political thinkers such as Thomas Jefferson and James Madison--while explaining what is truly unique about Calhoun's political thought.

Union and Liberty

Union and Liberty
Author: John Caldwell Calhoun
Publisher:
Total Pages: 664
Release: 1992
Genre: History
ISBN:

"A Liberty Classics edition"--T.p. verso.Selected speeches: p. [401]-601. Includes bibliographical references and index.

Majority Rule Versus Consensus

Majority Rule Versus Consensus
Author: James H. Read
Publisher: American Political Thought
Total Pages: 296
Release: 2009
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN:

This text sheds light on the promise and limitations of democracy, showing that, despite the failure of Calhoun's remedy, his diagnosis of the potential injustice of majority rule must be taken seriously.

Conceiving a New Republic

Conceiving a New Republic
Author: Charles William Calhoun
Publisher:
Total Pages: 370
Release: 2006
Genre: History
ISBN:

He also examines their struggle to revive the experiment with the Lodge Federal Elections bill of 1890 - the last serious attempt at civil rights legislation until the 1950s.".

A Discourse on the Constitution and Government of the United States

A Discourse on the Constitution and Government of the United States
Author: John C Calhoun
Publisher:
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2019-05-28
Genre:
ISBN: 9780368869426

John Caldwell Calhoun (1782-1850) was America's leading political theorist of his day who served as the seventh elected Vice President of the United States (1825-1832), the sixteenth United States Secretary of State (1844-1845), the tenth United States Secretary of War (1817-1825), as a senator from South Carolina (1845-1850), as a Member of the House of Representatives from South Carolina's 6th district (1811-1817), and as a Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from Abbeville District (1808-1809). He was the foremost promoter of states' rights, limited government, nullification (the right o states to overrule federal laws) and free trade. He argued that slavery was a "positive good" in that it uplifted and protected the black population. He was also an ardent proponent of minority rights, and by this he meant the white population in the Southern States. Calhoun died eleven years before the start of the American Civil War, but he was an inspiration to the secessionists of 1860-61 and was featured on an (unissued) Confederate States of America (CSA) postage stamp and on a CSA $100 bill. A Discourse on the Constitution and Government of the United States contains Calhoun's analysis of, and assertion that the US Constitution was designed to prevent vested interests from taking control of government and forcing their views and opinions on all others at their own expense. His premise was that any properly organized society has to work in recognition of differences in human nature, and not against them. This former view, he maintained, was the intent and purpose of the original framers of the Constitution. Calhoun's thoughts remain an original contribution to the history of political theory. His assertion of pluralism in political representation has influenced diverse critics of society, including liberal supporters of civil rights and conservative defenders of special social and economic interests.

John C. Calhoun

John C. Calhoun
Author: John Caldwell Calhoun
Publisher: Regnery Gateway
Total Pages: 766
Release: 2003
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780895261793

The conflict between power and liberty in a free government was the passionate concern of this most articulate, and often prophetic, orator and writer.

Heirs of the Founders

Heirs of the Founders
Author: H. W. Brands
Publisher: Anchor
Total Pages: 432
Release: 2018-11-13
Genre: History
ISBN: 0385542542

From New York Times bestselling historian H. W. Brands comes the riveting story of how, in nineteenth-century America, a new set of political giants battled to complete the unfinished work of the Founding Fathers and decide the future of our democracy In the early 1800s, three young men strode onto the national stage, elected to Congress at a moment when the Founding Fathers were beginning to retire to their farms. Daniel Webster of Massachusetts, a champion orator known for his eloquence, spoke for the North and its business class. Henry Clay of Kentucky, as dashing as he was ambitious, embodied the hopes of the rising West. South Carolina's John Calhoun, with piercing eyes and an even more piercing intellect, defended the South and slavery. Together these heirs of Washington, Jefferson and Adams took the country to war, battled one another for the presidency and set themselves the task of finishing the work the Founders had left undone. Their rise was marked by dramatic duels, fierce debates, scandal and political betrayal. Yet each in his own way sought to remedy the two glaring flaws in the Constitution: its refusal to specify where authority ultimately rested, with the states or the nation, and its unwillingness to address the essential incompatibility of republicanism and slavery. They wrestled with these issues for four decades, arguing bitterly and hammering out political compromises that held the Union together, but only just. Then, in 1850, when California moved to join the Union as a free state, "the immortal trio" had one last chance to save the country from the real risk of civil war. But, by that point, they had never been further apart. Thrillingly and authoritatively, H. W. Brands narrates an epic American rivalry and the little-known drama of the dangerous early years of our democracy.

Calhoun

Calhoun
Author: Robert Elder
Publisher:
Total Pages: 656
Release: 2021-02-16
Genre: Calhoun Family
ISBN: 9780465096442

John C. Calhoun's ghost still haunts America today. First elected to congress in 1810, Calhoun served as secretary of war during the war of 1812, and then as vice-president under two very different presidents, John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson. It was during his time as Jackson's vice president that he crafted his famous doctrine of "state interposition," which laid the groundwork for the south to secede from the union -- and arguably set the nation on course for civil war. Other accounts of Calhoun have portrayed him as a backward-looking traditionalist -- he was, after all, an outspoken apologist for slavery, which he defended as a "positive good." But he was also an extremely complex thinker, and thoroughly engaged in the modern world. He espoused many ideas that resonate strongly with popular currents today: an impatience for the spectacle and shallowness of politics, a concern about the alliance between wealth and power in government, and a skepticism about the United States' ability to spread its style of democracy throughout the world. Calhoun has catapulted back into the public eye in recent years, as the tensions he navigated and inflamed in his own time have surfaced once again. In 2015, a monument to him in Charleston, South Carolina became a flashpoint after a white supremacist murdered nine African-Americans in a nearby church. And numerous commentators have since argued that Calhoun's retrograde ideas are at the root of the modern GOP's problems with race. Bringing together Calhoun's life, his intellectual contributions -- both good and bad -- and his legacy, Robert Elder's book is a revelatory reconsideration of the antebellum South we thought we knew.