Is Human Nature Obsolete?

Is Human Nature Obsolete?
Author: Harold W. Baillie
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 442
Release: 2005
Genre: Electronic books
ISBN: 9780262524285

An interdisciplinary exploration of whether modern genetics and bioengineering are leading us to a posthuman future.

What's Left of Human Nature?

What's Left of Human Nature?
Author: Maria Kronfeldner
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 335
Release: 2018-10-16
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0262038412

A philosophical account of human nature that defends the concept against dehumanization, Darwinian, and developmentalist challenges. Human nature has always been a foundational issue for philosophy. What does it mean to have a human nature? Is the concept the relic of a bygone age? What is the use of such a concept? What are the epistemic and ontological commitments people make when they use the concept? In What's Left of Human Nature? Maria Kronfeldner offers a philosophical account of human nature that defends the concept against contemporary criticism. In particular, she takes on challenges related to social misuse of the concept that dehumanizes those regarded as lacking human nature (the dehumanization challenge); the conflict between Darwinian thinking and essentialist concepts of human nature (the Darwinian challenge); and the consensus that evolution, heredity, and ontogenetic development result from nurture and nature. After answering each of these challenges, Kronfeldner presents a revisionist account of human nature that minimizes dehumanization and does not fall back on outdated biological ideas. Her account is post-essentialist because it eliminates the concept of an essence of being human; pluralist in that it argues that there are different things in the world that correspond to three different post-essentialist concepts of human nature; and interactive because it understands nature and nurture as interacting at the developmental, epigenetic, and evolutionary levels. On the basis of this, she introduces a dialectical concept of an ever-changing and “looping” human nature. Finally, noting the essentially contested character of the concept and the ambiguity and redundancy of the terminology, she wonders if we should simply eliminate the term “human nature” altogether.

Cultural Connections

Cultural Connections
Author: Morris J. Vogel
Publisher: Temple University Press
Total Pages: 274
Release: 1991
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 9780877228400

Illustrates the history, civilization, and social conditions of the United States via artifacts, paintings, and other objects from the collections of cultural institutions in Philadelphia and environs.

Kazuo Ishiguro

Kazuo Ishiguro
Author: Kristian Shaw
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Total Pages: 141
Release: 2024-03-13
Genre: Literary Criticism
ISBN: 1526157527

A comprehensive collection of newly commissioned essays from world-leading Kazuo Ishiguro scholars which offers chapters on each of the novels (including the first publication on Klara and the Sun (2021)), short fictions, and screenplays, Kazuo Ishiguro: Twenty First Century Fictions offers a critical reappraisal of the 2017 Nobel Laureate while also uncovering important new thematic and stylistic insights

Emotional Amoral Egoism

Emotional Amoral Egoism
Author: Nayef Al-Rodhan
Publisher: Lutterworth Press
Total Pages: 342
Release: 2021-09-30
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0718848330

The enduring assumption that human behaviour is governed by innate morality and reason is at odds with the persistence of human deprivation, injustice, brutality, inequality and conflict. This book offers a fresh look at human nature and universal security by proposing a new general theory of human nature, "emotional amoral egoism", and a specific theory of human motivation that draw on a wide range of philosophical, psychological and evolutionary approaches as well as neuroscientific research. It argues that human behaviour is governed primarily by emotional self-interest and that the human mind is a predisposed tabula rasa. The author argues that most human beings are innately neither moral nor immoral but rather amoral. Circumstances will determine the survival value of humankind's moral compass. This insight has profound implications for the re-ordering of governance mechanisms at all levels with a strong emphasis on the role of society and the global system. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in the substrates of human nature and its universal security implications in relation to identity, conflict, ethnocentrism, xenophobia, morality and global governance.

Humanity 2.0

Humanity 2.0
Author: S. Fuller
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 273
Release: 2011-10-06
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0230316727

Social thinkers in all fields are faced with one unavoidable question: What does it mean to be human in the 21st century? This ambitious and groundbreaking book provides the first synthesis of historical, philosophical and sociological insights needed to address this question in a thoughtful and creative manner.

The Animal and the Human in Ancient and Modern Thought

The Animal and the Human in Ancient and Modern Thought
Author: Stephen T. Newmyer
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 169
Release: 2016-12-01
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1135042853

Ancient Greeks endeavored to define the human being vis-à-vis other animal species by isolating capacities and endowments which they considered to be unique to humans. This approach toward defining the human being still appears with surprising frequency, in modern philosophical treatises, in modern animal behavioral studies, and in animal rights literature, to argue both for and against the position that human beings are special and unique because of one or another attribute or skill that they are believed to possess. Some of the claims of man’s unique endowments have in recent years become the subject of intensive investigation by cognitive ethologists carried out in non-laboratory contexts. The debate is as lively now as in classical times, and, what is of particular note, the examples and methods of argumentation used to prove one or another position on any issue relating to the unique status of human beings that one encounters in contemporary philosophical or ethological literature frequently recall ancient precedents. This is the first book-length study of the ‘man alone of animals’ topos in classical literature, not restricting its analysis to Greco-Roman claims of man’s intellectual uniqueness, but including classical assertions of man’s physiological and emotional uniqueness. It supplements this analysis of ancient manifestations with an examination of how the commonplace survives and has been restated, transformed, and extended in contemporary ethological literature and in the literature of the animal rights and animal welfare movements. Author Stephen T. Newmyer demonstrates that the anthropocentrism detected in Greek applications of the ‘man alone of animals’ topos is not only alive and well in many facets of the current debate on human-animal relations, but that combating its negative effects is a stated aim of some modern philosophers and activists.

Emotional Amoral Egoism

Emotional Amoral Egoism
Author: Nayef R.F. Al-Rodhan
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 342
Release: 2022-01-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 071889572X

What makes us who we are? Are we born good or evil? Do we have free will? What drives our behaviour and why? Can technology change what it means to be human? In this thoroughly revised second edition of Emotional Amoral Egoism, Professor Nayef Al-Rodhan demonstrates the impact of our innate predispositions on key issues, from conflict, inequality and transcultural understanding to Big Data, fake news and the social contract. However, it is the societies we live in and their governance structures that largely determine how we act on our innate predispositions. Consequently, Al-Rodhan proposes a new and sustainable good governance paradigm, which must reconcile the ever-present tension between the three attributes of human nature (‘Emotional Amoral Egoism’) and the nine critical needs of human dignity. This book is a perfect resource for enlightened readers, academics and policy makers interested in how our innate instincts and tendencies shape the world we live in, and how the interplay between neurophilosophy and policy can be harnessed for pragmatic and sustainable peace, security and prosperity solutions for all, at all times and under all circumstances.

Nature and Sociology

Nature and Sociology
Author: Tim Newton
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 269
Release: 2007-08-07
Genre: History
ISBN: 1134211503

This book engages with, and contests, the ‘new sociology of nature’. It moves beyond existing debates by presenting new social theory and working across current fields of interest, addressing the debate on new genetics and genomics, taking human biology seriously, and the issues of interdisciplinarity that are likely to arise in longer term attempts to work across the social and natural world. Nature and Sociology will be of great interest to students of a variety of disciplines including sociology and social science, human geography, social and biological anthropology, and the natural sciences.

Beyond Humanity?

Beyond Humanity?
Author: Allen E. Buchanan
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Total Pages: 299
Release: 2013-01-17
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0191651621

Biotechnologies already on the horizon will enable us to be smarter, have better memories, be stronger and quicker, have more stamina, live longer, be more resistant to diseases, and enjoy richer emotional lives. To some of us, these prospects are heartening; to others, they are dreadful. In Beyond Humanity a leading philosopher offers a powerful and controversial exploration of urgent ethical issues concerning human enhancement. These raise enduring questions about what it is to be human, about individuality, about our relationship to nature, and about what sort of society we should strive to have. Allen E. Buchanan urges that the debate about enhancement needs to be informed by a proper understanding of evolutionary biology, which has discredited the simplistic conceptions of human nature used by many opponents of enhancement. He argues that there are powerful reasons for us to embark on the enhancement enterprise, and no objections to enhancement that are sufficient to outweigh them.