Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing

Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing
Author: Stuart Bradley
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 296
Release: 2007-12-26
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9781420005288

Sonic Detection and Ranging (SODAR) systems and Radio Acoustic Sounding Systems (RASS) use sound waves to determine wind speed, wind direction, and turbulent character of the atmosphere. They are increasingly used for environmental and scientific applications such as analyzing ground-level pollution dispersion and monitoring conditions affecting wind energy generation. However, until now there have been no reliable references on SODAR and RASS for practitioners in the field as well as non-experts who wish to understand and implement this technology to their own applications. Authored by an internationally known expert in the design and use of SODAR/RASS technology, Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing: Principles and Applications systematically explains the underlying science, principles, and operational aspects of acoustic radars. Abundant diagrams and figures, including eight pages of full-color images, enhance clear guidelines and tools for handling calibration, error, equipment, hardware, sampling, and data analysis. The final chapter explores applications in environmental research, boundary layer research, wind power and loading, complex terrain, and sound speed profiles. Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing offers SODAR and RASS users as well as general remote sensing practitioners, environmental scientists, and engineers a straightforward guide for using SODARs to perform wind measurements and data analysis for scientific, environmental, or alternative monitoring applications.

Measurement Methods in Atmospheric Sciences

Measurement Methods in Atmospheric Sciences
Author: Stefan Emeis
Publisher:
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2010
Genre: Atmosphere
ISBN: 9783443010669

'Measurement Methods in Atmospheric Sciences provides a comprehensive overview of in-situ and remote sensing measurement techniques for probing the Earth's atmosphere. The methods presented in this book span the entire range from classical meteorology via atmospheric chemistry and micrometeorological fiux determination to Earth observation from space. Standard instruments for meteorological and air quality monitoring methods, as well as specialized instrumentation predominantly used in scientific experiments, are covered. The presented techniques run from simple mechanical sensors to highly sophisticated electronic devices. Special emphasis is on the rapidly evolving field of remote sensing techniques. Here, active ground-based remote sending techniques such as SODAR and LIDAR find a detailed coverage. The book conveys the basic principles of the various observational and monitoring methods, enabling the user to identify the most appropriate method. An introductory chapter covers general principles (e. g. inversion of measured data, available platforms, statistical properties of data, data acquisition). Later chapters each treat methods for measuring a specific property (e.g. humidity, wind speed, wind direction). Long chapters provide an introductory tabular list of the methods treated. More than 100 figures and 400 references, mostly to the recent scientific literature, aid the reader in reading up on the details of the various methods at hand. Recommendations at the end of each major chapter provide additional hints on the use of some instruments in order to facilitate the selection of the proper instrument for a successful measurement. A large number of national and international standards, providing precise guidelines for measuring and acquiring reliable, reproducible and comparable data sets are listed in the appendix. A dedicated index allows easy access to this valuable information. The book addresses undergraduate and graduate students in meteorological and atmospheric sciences, physical geography, ecology, environmental sciences, agriculture and related disciplines as well as scientists in the process of planning atmospheric measurements in field campaigns or working with data already acquired. Practitioners in environmental agencies and similar institutions will benefit from instrument descriptions and the extended lists in the appendix.' (Publisher)

Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements

Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements
Author: Thomas Foken
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 1761
Release: 2021-11-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030521710

This practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians.

Using VHF Radars to Probe the Atmosphere

Using VHF Radars to Probe the Atmosphere
Author: Arnold A. Barnes
Publisher:
Total Pages: 42
Release: 1972
Genre: Atmosphere, Upper
ISBN:

Columns of ions left by the passage of meteors through the 80- to 100-km altitude region are used as tracers to monitor the wind and density variations of the high atmosphere. Recent equipment development with pulse-interferometers operating in the 20- to 75-MHz band has made it possible to obtain more accurate information on the location of the reflection point on the ionized meteor trail. Analyses of the wind and density data obtained at AFCRL, at Stanford, California, Durham, New Hampshire, and Eglin AFB, Florida are reviewed. Rocket and meteor trail wind observations were obtained at Eglin AFB and, for a separation of 150 km, show reasonable comparisons within one hour. Poor comparisons at larger space and time separations are attributed to large-scale horizontal eddies (gravity waves). (Author Modified Abstract).

Propagation of Sound in Air

Propagation of Sound in Air
Author: John W. Wescott
Publisher:
Total Pages: 650
Release: 1965
Genre: Air
ISBN:

This bibliography contains several thousand abstracts from the unclassified literature on the propagation of sound in air. The subject is treated in depth for the years 1929 to 1963. Some abstracts on earlier works of lasting interest and many abstracts from English translations of foreign journals are included. The abstracts are grouped according to subject matter. Subject and author indexes are furnished. Accessions Document (AD and earlier ATI) numbers used by both the Defense Documentation Center (formerly ASTIA) and the Office of Technical Services (OTS) are furnished wherever possible. (Author).