Intelligent Computing and Optimization

Intelligent Computing and Optimization
Author: Pandian Vasant
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 1332
Release: 2021-02-07
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030681548

Third edition of International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Optimization and as a premium fruit, this book, pursue to gather research leaders, experts and scientists on Intelligent Computing and Optimization to share knowledge, experience and current research achievements. Conference and book provide a unique opportunity for the global community to interact and share novel research results, explorations and innovations among colleagues and friends. This book is published by SPRINGER, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Ca. 100 authors submitted full papers to ICO’2020. That global representation demonstrates the growing interest of the research community here. The book covers innovative and creative research on sustainability, smart cities, meta-heuristics optimization, cyber-security, block chain, big data analytics, IoTs, renewable energy, artificial intelligence, Industry 4.0, modeling and simulation. We editors thank all authors and reviewers for their important service. Best high-quality papers have been selected by the International PC for our premium series with SPRINGER.

Modelling of a Two-axis Gimbal and Development of a Stabiliser Control System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Modelling of a Two-axis Gimbal and Development of a Stabiliser Control System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Author: Christiaan Coenrad Oosthuizen
Publisher:
Total Pages: 210
Release: 2016
Genre: Dissertations, Academic
ISBN:

Discusses requirement for a stabilising control system for a specific surveillance mechanical system, the aim of this research project is to design a robust control system that will be used on the platform for image stabilisation purposes. This will be achieved by considering high end commutation methods for the actuators, making use of model based controllers and following an implementable mechatronic integration process. Sub-problem 1. The static, dynamic and frictional components of the gimbal is not known at the moment. Sub-problem 2. The gimbal platform will constantly be subjected to unwanted perturbations. Sub-problem 3. Some experimentation needs to be conducted to validate certain design areas. The scope of this research project is restricted to the mathematical modelling of the two-axis frames (rigid members only), formulation of a robust stabilising control system and the implementation of the control in a form of some experimental validation.

Design and Development of a 6-DOF Robust Stabilizer for Vehicles

Design and Development of a 6-DOF Robust Stabilizer for Vehicles
Author: Omar Ahmad Mohamad
Publisher:
Total Pages: 128
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

This is a research project about a six Degree of Freedom (6 DOF) Platform done by the mechanical department of Abu Dhabi University. 6 DOF Platforms have many applications worldwide. The objective is to utilize it in an innovative idea which has never been done before in this region and benefit the country. Vehicle stabilizing in rough pathway is an area which hasn't gotten much attention. Utilizing 6 DOF platform in such applications would be of great benefit. As 6 DOF platforms are very accurate, and its range of speeds and linear or rotational displacements can reach up to astonishing limits. The report starts with the discussion of Inventor simulation done on MATLAB. All kinematic analysis and selection of the type of joint were done in the simulation. The material and dimensions were decided based on stress analysis done on Inventor and ANSYS. After all results were confirmed, the kinematic analysis was implemented in Arduino to run the real model. The results matched with that of the simulation, with very small percentage error.

A Robust Controller Design for a Tailless UAV with Effective Control Allocation

A Robust Controller Design for a Tailless UAV with Effective Control Allocation
Author: Ethem Hakan Orhan
Publisher:
Total Pages: 147
Release: 2020
Genre:
ISBN:

Attempts to completely remove the tails from aircraft can be dated back to the early days of modern aviation. A number of stability and control problems arising from the unique characteristics of the configuration resulted in poor handling qualities and some dangerous flight characteristics in the early designs. Lately, this configuration is becoming widespread again and the current state-of-the-art of fly-by-wire technology and modern control design techniques enable design of tailless aircraft which are safe to fly. In this thesis, a study on the application of modern robust control design techniques on a tailless UAV is presented. A nonlinear mathematical model for the aircraft is constructed and control laws are synthesized using μ-synthesis approach. Three different scheduling methods are investigated for the control laws: ad-hoc linear interpolation, synthesis using simplified linear parameter varying models and stability preserving interpolation. A control allocation module is implemented to distribute the controller commands into highly coupled control effectors in real time. Two different allocation approaches are investigated: Cascaded Generalized Inverses and Weighted Least Squares. Effector limits and failure conditions are taken into account in an efficient way in allocation. A simulation study is performed using the nonlinear aircraft model, control laws, and control allocation models for various maneuvers and control effector failure cases.

A Pseudo-optimal Control Approach for a Redundant Degree-of-freedom in a Gimbaled Mechanical System

A Pseudo-optimal Control Approach for a Redundant Degree-of-freedom in a Gimbaled Mechanical System
Author: Jason Thomas Smith
Publisher:
Total Pages: 186
Release: 2004
Genre:
ISBN:

Unaided inertial navigation systems of sufficient quality allow a missile or other body to navigate freely for potentially long periods of time. The use of four gimbals in such systems allows for elimination of large platform excursions while avoiding the uncontrollable condition of gimbal lock. The thesis investigates the benefits of applying a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) to the control of the redundant degree-of-freedom present in a four gimbal inertial navigation system. Equations of motion for a four gimbal system are defined and linearized. A benchmark controller is developed, using classical time and frequency domain techniques, for comparison with the LQR controller. The quadratic weightings for the LQR controller are investigated using principles of loop shaping. Due to the time-varying nature of the linearized gimbal system, optimal gains are calculated for a variety of nominal conditions and stored in a look-up table. The classical and LQR controllers, as well as models of the four gimbal system components and sensors, are evaluated strictly via simulation. Metrics for determining controller performance are defined and a search is made for worst-case initial conditions and disturbances. A comparison with the benchmark controller at these worst-case conditions is made. It is found that the LQR control technique is of significant benefit when applied to the redundant degree-of-freedom. In particular, several of the metrics show significant improvement and others show marginal improvement. Also, the LQR controller makes more complete use of the available torque capacity, improving the performance of the four gimbal system. Ideas for future areas of investigation are presented.

Design and Human-in-the-loop Simulation of a Robust Control System

Design and Human-in-the-loop Simulation of a Robust Control System
Author: Seungwoo Jeong
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN: 9781267657596

A flight control system with stability and performance robustness is designed using a pseudo-sliding mode synthesis technique. The technique is interpreted in the frequency domain and allows loop shaping principles to be used in creating the sliding manifolds for the controller. The design methodology is evaluated through a desk-top flight simulation program that allows tracking performance assessment and identification of human pilot dynamics in the two axes being controlled by the pilot. Robustness is demonstrated by considering two disparate flight conditions in which the pseudo-sliding mode controller is used with no gain scheduling.

An Over-Actuated Multi-Rotor Aerial Platform and Iterative Learning Control Applications

An Over-Actuated Multi-Rotor Aerial Platform and Iterative Learning Control Applications
Author: Pengkang Yu
Publisher:
Total Pages: 124
Release: 2022
Genre:
ISBN:

Fully-actuated multi-rotor aerial platforms are receiving increasing research interests for the capability of six degree-of-freedom (DOF) motions such as hovering at non-horizontal attitude angles. Existing fully-actuated aerial vehicles have demonstrated such capability for a limited range of angles and limited thrust efficiencies. This thesis presents an over-actuated aerial platform that achieves maneuvering at arbitrary attitudes with uniformly high thrust efficiency over its achievable configuration space. A novel vectoring thrust force actuator by mounting a regular quad copter on a passive mechanical gimbal mechanism is proposed. The UAV platform achieves full six DOF motion with redundancies from four of these vectoring thrust actuators. We present the hierarchical controller that generates the high level virtual wrench command allocated to each gimbal actuator and the low-level actuator control to track the commanded wrench. And we demonstrate the UAV platform's 6 DOF maneuvers by both simulations and real-world experiments on a prototype we built. Aerodynamic effects largely affect the performance of aerial vehicles, especially on over-actuated vehicles that could be subject to different airflow configurations. For those aerodynamic effects that are difficult to model but could appear repeatedly, iterative learning control (ILC) has great potential to improve the system performance. This thesis presents the applications of both model-based and data-driven ILC algorithms on the over-actuated aerial platform and shows great improvements against the aerodynamics effects. A formulation is demonstrated to convert the closed-loop dynamics of the over-actuated aerial platform to linear model with six independent control channels. Model-based and data-driven ILC are applied on one or more control channels, and by simulations and real-world experiments, the ILC algorithms are shown to have great improvement and fast convergence rate against a variety of aerodynamic effects.

Modeling and Simulation of an Inertially Stabilized Gimbal System for System Performance Evaluation Based on Sensor Selection

Modeling and Simulation of an Inertially Stabilized Gimbal System for System Performance Evaluation Based on Sensor Selection
Author: Gary Haggart
Publisher:
Total Pages: 43
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

Inertially stabilized platforms are used to aim and stabilize a number of instruments in different applications. All of these stabilized platforms require measurements from sensors to perform this stabilization. This work evaluates how the quality of the sensor chosen to perform measurements affects the performance of the system. It also evaluates if this performance changes due to the environments that the system is subjected to as well as system parameters. These environments and parameters include vibration, system friction, structural resonance and dynamic system input. This analysis is done by modeling a gimbaled camera system that requires angular measurements from inertial sensors, gyros, for stabilization. Models are developed for four different qualities of gyros, the gimbaled camera system, the drive motor, the motor rate control system and the angle position control system. Models for friction, structural resonance and vibration are included as well. The system is then simulated, first as an ideal system, and then including the more realistic environmental and system parameters. These simulations are run with each of the four types of gyros. The performance analysis shows that for the ideal system, increased gyro quality always provides better system performance. However when environmental and system parameters are introduced, this is no longer the case. There are even cases when lower quality sensors provide better performance than higher quality sensors.

Error Reduction in a Two-Gimbal, Airborne, Angle Track System

Error Reduction in a Two-Gimbal, Airborne, Angle Track System
Author: George L. Wright
Publisher:
Total Pages: 77
Release: 1973
Genre:
ISBN:

Angle measurement in a two-gimbal, airborne, tracking system is complicated by the motion of the aircraft. The two-gimbal system is characterized by the azimuth and elevation channel control systems. Rolling motions introduce error-causing disturbance inputs into each channel. One method of reducing the error investigated in this report is a linear transformation method which treats both channels simultaneously by considering a cross-coupled multivariable system. Another method, the invariance method, utilizes a feed forward branch whose input is the unwanted disturbance to reduce the error due to aircraft roll rate for each channel separately. (Modified author abstract).