From the precolonial period to today, Julien Bokilo analyzes the effectiveness of social and economic measures undertaken for the development of the Republic of Congo with regard to all of sub-Saharan Africa. This documented and unprecedented sociohistorical study feeds on new perspectives in public policy planning, development and implementation. • The knowledge of specificities of poverty and exclusion in the African companies; • The possibility of making the correlation and the transposition of the principles of the public policies on the African facts, the case of the reintegration of the native populations and the albinos. In addition, the relevance of this work is in the fact that it tackles the question of the struggle against the poverty and the exclusion, which are problems whose recurrence is quasi endemic and alarming in process of the socio-economic and political development process of African countries. Also, in an economic context of unprecedented crisis in Republic of Congo and in the surrounding countries, the economic zone of the central Africa sub-area mainly, the social policies are of an interest somehow crucial for their capacities to suppress the harmful effects of the recessions. In fact, this work really meets a scientific expectation, as it is based on verifiable arguments, because founded on the theory and the facts.