Trees, grasses, flowers, and other plant life together make up the majority of the earth's living environment. They are the only higher species on our planet that are capable of converting the energy from the sun into a form of chemical energy that can be stored and used, such as carbs, lipids, and proteins. Every living creature, including humans, need these plant-based compounds either directly or indirectly in order to survive. The growth of the plants is dependent on the availability of nutrients and water in the soil where they grow as well as the usual ranges of environmental parameters such as light, temperature, and pH. These factors all play a role in the development of the plants. Plants, on the other hand, may suffer from illness. Anything that has an effect on the health of plants is likely to have an effect on their growth as well as a significant reduction in their utility, both for the plants themselves and for humanity. The most prevalent factors that contribute to a decline in or complete elimination of plant growth and output include insect pests, plant diseases, and poor climatic conditions. Plants are susceptible to illnesses that are caused by infectious pathogens that are also present in animals and people. Even though there is no evidence that plants experience pain or anguish, the progression of illness nevertheless follows the same processes and is often just as complicated in plants as it is in animals and humans. Plant pathology is the study of (1) the living organisms and the environmental conditions that cause disease in plants; (2) the mechanisms by which these factors produce disease in plants; (3) the interactions between the disease causing agents and the diseased plant; and (4) the methods of preventing disease, alleviating the damage it causes, or controlling a disease either before it develops in a plant or after it has developed in a plant.