Institutional Investors, Analysts' Recommendations, Annual Reports, Textual Analysis and Stock Returns

Institutional Investors, Analysts' Recommendations, Annual Reports, Textual Analysis and Stock Returns
Author: Andreas Chouliaras
Publisher:
Total Pages: 41
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

I analyze 18510 SEC EDGAR Form 10-K (annual reports), for NASDAQ, NYSE and AMEX (NYSE MKT) stocks, along with 176565 SEC EDGAR Form 13-F (quarterly reports of institutional investors holdings), and analysts' recommendations, from 2001 until 2015. I find that (i) 10-K pessimism negatively affects stock holdings after the filing, (ii) institutions do not appear to have forecasting power as to how pessimistic the annual report will be, as they do not adjust their holdings in the pessimistic stocks before the 10-K filing takes place, (iii) an increase in the number of institutional investors that hold a stock leads to an increase in stock prices after the 10-K filing (iv) institutions increase their positions in stocks that had positive returns one (1) to twelve (12) months before the 10-K filing (v) analysts' recommendations are affected by 10-K pessimism three (3) to nine (9) months after the 10-K filing, (vi) contrary to the cross-section of institutional investors, analysts do appear to have some forecasting power over how pessimistic the annual report will be, a few months before the 10-K filing month.

The Impact of Corporate Textutal Disclosure on Capital Markets

The Impact of Corporate Textutal Disclosure on Capital Markets
Author: Saskia Jarick
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 81
Release: 2011-07
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3640956672

Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Accounting and Taxes, grade: 1.3, University of Mannheim, language: English, abstract: Each year, firms disclose information that is analyzed and eventually reflected in the market price. Sources of information are for example annual reports, earnings announcements and press releases. In the past, financial accounting research focused primarily on the numerical financial information disclosed (cf. Hales et al. 2011, 224).1 Interestingly, research showed that asset price movements could only partly be explained by this quantitative information and thus must have additional influencing factors (cf. Demers/Vega 2010, 2). Since corporate disclosure generally consists only to a small fraction of qualitative data and dominantly of textual information (cf. Li 2011, 1)2, and since language is the natural medium through which people communicate, financial accounting research started to focus on the analysis of textual disclosure (cf. Hales et al. 2011, 224). Results of these studies show that different aspects of textual disclosure, like the tone (how information is written/expressed) or the readability can influence for example market prices or analyst behavior (e.g. Li 2010 or Tetlock/Saar-Tsechansky/Macskassy 2008). This paper focuses on research in the field of tone as important characteristic of corporate textual disclosure. Its aim is to provide an overview about the most recent approaches and about challenges that researchers face. The remainder of this paper proceeds as follows. In section 2 the importance of textual analysis and the information content of textual information are discussed. Furthermore this section provides an overview about different approaches to characterize textual disclosure and a tabular classification of the recent literature. Since this paper focuses on the tone of textual disclosure, different approaches to measure tone are discussed as well. In section 3 two recent studi

Financial Statement Analysis

Financial Statement Analysis
Author: Martin S. Fridson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 405
Release: 2011-06-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1118064208

The updated, real-world guide to interpreting and unpacking GAAP and non-GAAP financial statements In Financial Statement Analysis, 5th Edition, leading investment authority Martin Fridson returns with Fernando Alvarez to provide the analytical framework you need to scrutinize financial statements, whether you’re evaluating a company’s stock price or determining valuations for a merger or acquisition. Rather than taking financial statements at face value, you’ll learn practical and straightforward analytical techniques for uncovering the reality behind the numbers. This fully revised and up-to-date 5th Edition offers fresh information that will help you to evaluate financial statements in today’s volatile markets and uncertain economy. The declining connection between GAAP earnings and stock prices has introduced a need to discriminate between instructive and misleading non-GAAP alternatives. This book integrates the alternatives and provides guidance on understanding the extent to which non-GAAP reports, particularly from US companies, may be biased. Understanding financial statements is an essential skill for business professionals and investors. Most books on the subject proceed from the questionable premise that companies' objective is to present a true picture of their financial condition. A safer assumption is that they seek to minimize the cost of raising capital by portraying themselves in the most favorable light possible. Financial Statement Analysis teaches readers the tricks that companies use to mislead, so readers can more clearly interpret statements. Learn how to read and understand financial statements prepared according to GAAP and non-GAAP standards Compare CFROI, EVA, Valens, and other non-GAAP methodologies to determine how accurate companies’ reports are Improve your business decision making, stock valuations, or merger and acquisition strategy Develop the essential skill of quickly and accurately gathering and assessing information from financial statements of all types Professional analysts, investors, and students will gain valuable knowledge from this updated edition of the popular guide. Filled with real-life examples and expert advice, Financial Statement Analysis, 5th Edition, will help you interpret and unpack financial statements.

The Incremental Information Content of Analysts' Research Reports and Firms' Annual Reports

The Incremental Information Content of Analysts' Research Reports and Firms' Annual Reports
Author: June Woo Park
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN:

This dissertation consists of three essays, investigating the properties of analysts research reports and firms annual reports, and their impact on capital markets using textual analysis methods. The first essay studies the validity of analyst report length, measured by page count, as a proxy for analysts research effort. Specifically, I find that longer reports are positively associated with recommendation upgrades more than downgrades, and with forecast accuracy. I further document an asymmetric market reaction to longer upgrades as compared to the same length downgrades. The findings support my hypothesis that by providing more and accurate information, analysts exert credibility-enhancing effort on their upgrades, as these are perceived by investors to be more optimistic and less credible than downgrades. The study suggests differing interpretations of analyst vs. annual report length as a proxy. In a second textual analysis essay, I examine the determinants of environmental disclosures (ED) in U.S. 10-Ks (i.e. annual reports) and its impact on a future stock price crash risk. I provide crucial evidence that ED is related to bad news (i.e. news that tends to be obfuscated by managers) by showing the autocorrelation of its change over time and its negative association with short-term market reaction. In the long run, however, an increase in ED shows a lower likelihood of significant stock price drops. The results are consistent with the notion that firms benefit from non-financial information disclosure. A third textual analysis essay compares the value of private versus public information sources in U.S. analysts earnings forecasts. Using a pattern search algorithm (i.e., regular expression) on the headlines of earnings forecasts, I find that additional private sources of information are associated with less forecast error, triggering greater market reaction. Moreover, I document that the combination of management and non-management private information sources minimizes forecast error and maximizes market reaction. Finally, I show that more accurate and informative forecasts are made by analysts who make greater efforts to access private information sources, even when they do not have other information advantages (e.g. brokerage firm reputation). Thus, I provide new insight into the determinants of forecast properties.

Summary: Ahead of the Market

Summary: Ahead of the Market
Author: BusinessNews Publishing,
Publisher: Primento
Total Pages: 29
Release: 2013-02-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 2806222591

The must-read summary of Mitch Zacks' book: "Ahead of the Market: The Zacks Method for Spotting Stocks Early – In Any Economy". This complete summary of the ideas from Mitch Zacks' book "Ahead of the Market" shows that many investors rely on annual analyst reports, which are designed to advise which stocks to buy/ sell or hold. However, despite the fact that over $1 billion a year is put towards these reports, this summary sides with many other investors in thinking that a lot of the content is corrupt and biased in favor of the companies that fund them. This guide suggests that rather than following one report; you should combine the research compiled by a larger sample of analysts. This will teach you to identify certain patterns in what the analysts say and how their views change over time. You will then be better informed and be able to develop a better method for making smart investments. To this end, this summary offers four key analyst investment strategies to follow. Added-value of this summary: • Save time • Understand the key concepts • Increase your business knowledge To learn more, read "Ahead of the Market" and discover how to spot winning stocks, and steer clear of untrustworthy analyst reports.

Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management

Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management
Author: M. Ranganatham
Publisher: Pearson Education India
Total Pages: 746
Release: 2006
Genre: Investment analysis
ISBN: 8131785726

The world of investment is fascinating and, at the same time, enigmatic. The investor’s behaviour the world over had oscillated between panic and enthusiasm, guided by the psychological forces of fear and greed. What investment should be held? When should an investment be bought? How long an investment should be held? When is the right time to dispose an investment? How can a profit be made through investments? There is no magic mantra that assures investors on these issues. Only knowledgeable investors can minimize investment-related risks through systematic planning and efficient and effective management of their investments. Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management helps you gain that knowlegde. It will be useful to academicians and practitioners and offers a scientific approach to investment management, comprehensive coverage of theory, tools, and techniques of investments, a focus on stock market instruments and is richly illustrated to help understand methods of processing investment information.

COMPANY VALUATION UNDER IFRS - 3RD EDITION

COMPANY VALUATION UNDER IFRS - 3RD EDITION
Author: Nick Antill
Publisher: Harriman House Limited
Total Pages: 286
Release: 2020-02-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0857197770

Revised and updated. The influence of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on accounting across the world is stronger than ever. Most importantly, this stems from the mandatory adoption of IFRSs in many parts of the world, including Europe, Canada, Australia, Brazil and, with some relatively small exceptions, China. Additionally, foreign registrants in the US are also permitted to use IFRS by the SEC. The impact of IFRSs also extends to accounting developments as the IASB and the FASB work closely together to formulate new standards such as those recently issued on leasing and revenue recognition. It is clear that investors, analysts and valuers need to understand financial statements produced under IFRS to feed in to their valuations and broader investment decisions. Written by practitioners for practitioners, the book addresses valuation from the viewpoint of the analyst, the investor and the corporate acquirer. It starts with valuation theory: what is to be discounted and at what discount rate? It explains the connection between standard methodologies based on free cash flow and on return on capital. And it emphasizes that, whichever method is used, accurate interpretation of accounting information is critical to the production of sensible valuations. The authors argue that forecasts of cash flows imply views on profits and balance sheets, and that non-cash items contain useful information about future cash flows - so profits matter. The book addresses the implications for analysis, modelling and valuation of key aspects of IFRS, all updated for recent developments, including: - Pensions - Stock options - Derivatives - Provisions - Leases - Revenue recognition - Foreign currency The text also sets out the key differences between IFRS and US GAAP treatments of these issues, in addition to their implications for analysis. A detailed case study is used to provide a step-by-step valuation of an industrial company using both free cash flow and economic profit methodologies. The authors then address a range of common valuation problems, including cyclical or immature companies, as well as the specialist accounting and modelling knowledge required for regulated utilities, resource extraction companies, banks, insurance companies, real estate companies and technology companies. Accounting for mergers and disposals is first explained and then illustrated with a detailed potential acquisition.

EDGAR

EDGAR
Author: Gene Walden
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Total Pages: 282
Release: 2003
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780071410380

Covers the forms that companies must file with SEC, and walks readers through the content of forms 8-K, 10-K, 11-K, 10-Q, and the registration and prospectus for an initial public offering(IPO). Other forms are briefly described and a detailed index helps readers locate specific topics.