Assuring public health services is primary duty of every government and as such, the government has taken steps to maintain public health, by opening health centers, hospitals, mobile hospitals, organizing mass awareness camps on health and so on. In this paper we will discuss Infant mortality rate is an excellent indicator of the socio-economic development of a country. India is facing severe problems related to the infant mortality. The statistics revealed that neonatal death rate is the highest in the world (43 per 1000 live births). A quarter of world's neonatal deaths (one million) each year take place in India, mostly at home (65.4% of all births and 75.3% of births in rural areas occur at home). It may be noted that despite the great importance of the subject, no information is available regarding the details of the causes of deaths. As discussed above, infant mortality is a major health problem and government is more concerned towards solving such health problem by reducing infant mortality rate. Further, the reasons for infant mortality include socio-cultural beliefs, education of mother, regular health check-up, lack of proper health care facilities, etc. Further paper will evaluate the child mortality patterns which do vary for the urban and the rural areas. The relation between the female and male mortality rates hold quite strongly in rural areas whereas in the urban areas these are weakly linked. It can be concluded that infant mortality is the result of socio-economic characteristics of mothers and households, demographic characteristics of children, and health-care behaviour of mothers, availability of health care facilities, etc. will be evaluated and concluding remarks and suggestions will be carried out in this paper.