The alternative hypotheses about the macroeconomic determinants of, and constraints on, industrial growth in India focus on the performance of the agricultural sector, intersectoral terms of trade between agriculture and industry, disproportionalities within and between sectors, the level of investment in the economy, the nexus between public and private investment and the relative significance of supply and demand constraints. While the issues raised in the debate continue to be important in India, they are of relevance also for studies of other late-industrialisers, particularly the larger countries of Asia and Latin America.