Indium Nitride And Related Alloys
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Author | : Timothy David Veal |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 707 |
Release | : 2011-06-03 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1439859612 |
Written by recognized leaders in this dynamic and rapidly expanding field, Indium Nitride and Related Alloys provides a clear and comprehensive summary of the present state of knowledge in indium nitride (InN) research. It elucidates and clarifies the often confusing and contradictory scientific literature to provide valuable and rigorous insight into the structural, optical, and electronic properties of this quickly emerging semiconductor material and its related alloys. Drawing from both theoretical and experimental perspectives, it provides a thorough review of all data since 2001 when the band gap of InN was identified as 0.7 eV. The superior transport and optical properties of InN and its alloys offer tremendous potential for a wide range of device applications, including high-efficiency solar cells and chemical sensors. Indeed, the now established narrow band gap nature of InN means that the InGaN alloys cover the entire solar spectrum and InAlN alloys span from the infrared to the ultraviolet. However, with unsolved problems including high free electron density, difficulty in characterizing p-type doping, and the lack of a lattice-matched substrate, indium nitride remains perhaps the least understood III-V semiconductor. Covering the epitaxial growth, experimental characterization, theoretical understanding, and device potential of this semiconductor and its alloys, this book is essential reading for both established researchers and those new to the field.
Author | : Pierre Ruterana |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 8 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : European Materials Research Society |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 193 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Hock Min Ng |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 862 |
Release | : 2014-06-05 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9781107409286 |
This book, first published in 2004, focuses on both the fundamental issues in materials science as well as the technology of photonic, electronic and sensor applications utilizing gallium nitride (GaN) and related alloys. With contributions from 28 countries spanning 5 continents, it is evident that the field is vibrant and growing rapidly. Current and emerging research areas are addressed - epitaxial growth strategies for high-indium-content InGaN alloys, InGaAlN alloys, and dilute nitride alloys; increasing the p-type doping levels in GaN and AlGaN alloys; developing large-area GaN and AlN substrates; controlling and understanding the influence of defects and polarization; device processing techniques; and developing new applications for III-nitrides.
Author | : |
Publisher | : Newnes |
Total Pages | : 3572 |
Release | : 2011-01-28 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0080932282 |
Semiconductors are at the heart of modern living. Almost everything we do, be it work, travel, communication, or entertainment, all depend on some feature of semiconductor technology. Comprehensive Semiconductor Science and Technology, Six Volume Set captures the breadth of this important field, and presents it in a single source to the large audience who study, make, and exploit semiconductors. Previous attempts at this achievement have been abbreviated, and have omitted important topics. Written and Edited by a truly international team of experts, this work delivers an objective yet cohesive global review of the semiconductor world. The work is divided into three sections. The first section is concerned with the fundamental physics of semiconductors, showing how the electronic features and the lattice dynamics change drastically when systems vary from bulk to a low-dimensional structure and further to a nanometer size. Throughout this section there is an emphasis on the full understanding of the underlying physics. The second section deals largely with the transformation of the conceptual framework of solid state physics into devices and systems which require the growth of extremely high purity, nearly defect-free bulk and epitaxial materials. The last section is devoted to exploitation of the knowledge described in the previous sections to highlight the spectrum of devices we see all around us. Provides a comprehensive global picture of the semiconductor world Each of the work's three sections presents a complete description of one aspect of the whole Written and Edited by a truly international team of experts
Author | : |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 416 |
Release | : 2015-08-17 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1118514556 |
The development of solid state devices began a little more than a century ago, with the discovery of the electrical conductivity of ionic solids. Today, solid state technologies form the background of the society in which we live. The aim of this book is threefold: to present the background physical chemistry on which the technology of semiconductor devices is based; secondly, to describe specific issues such as the role of defects on the properties of solids, and the crucial influence of surface properties; and ultimately, to look at the physics and chemistry of semiconductor growth processes, both at the bulk and thin-film level, together with some issues relating to the properties of nano-devices. Divided into five chapters, it covers: Thermodynamics of solids, including phases and their properties and structural order Point defects in semiconductors Extended defects in semiconductors and their interactions with point defects and impurities Growth of semiconductor materials Physical chemistry of semiconductor materials processing With applications across all solid state technologies,the book is useful for advanced students and researchers in materials science, physics, chemistry, electrical and electronic engineering. It is also useful for those in the semiconductor industry.
Author | : Junqiao Wu |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 371 |
Release | : 2011-09-22 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1441999310 |
Metal oxides and particularly their nanostructures have emerged as animportant class of materials with a rich spectrum of properties and greatpotential for device applications. In this book, contributions from leadingexperts emphasize basic physical properties, synthesis and processing, and thelatest applications in such areas as energy, catalysis and data storage. Functional Metal Oxide Nanostructuresis an essential reference for any materials scientist or engineer with aninterest in metal oxides, and particularly in recent progress in defectphysics, strain effects, solution-based synthesis, ionic conduction, and theirapplications.
Author | : Lijian Geng |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 50 |
Release | : 2001 |
Genre | : Aluminum alloys |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Rebecca Elizabeth Jones |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 314 |
Release | : 2008 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Arlinda Hill |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 110 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : Gallium alloys |
ISBN | : |
III-nitride alloys are wide band gap semiconductors with a broad range of applications in optoelectronic devices such as light emitting diodes and laser diodes. Indium gallium nitride light emitting diodes have been successfully produced over the past decade. But the progress of green emission light emitting devices has been limited by the incorporation of indium in the alloy, mainly due to phase separation. This difficulty could be addressed by studying the growth and thermodynamics of these alloys. Knowledge of thermodynamic phase stabilities and of pressure - temperature - composition phase diagrams is important for an understanding of the boundary conditions of a variety of growth techniques. In this dissertation a study of the phase separation of indium gallium nitride is conducted using a regular solution model of the ternary alloy system. Graphs of Gibbs free energy of mixing were produced for a range of temperatures. Binodal and spinodal decomposition curves show the stable and unstable regions of the alloy in equilibrium. The growth of gallium nitride and indium gallium nitride was attempted by the reaction of molten gallium - indium alloy with ammonia at atmospheric pressure. Characterization by X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, and secondary electron microscopy show that the samples produced by this method contain only gallium nitride in the hexagonal phase. The instability of indium nitride at the temperatures required for activation of ammonia accounts for these results. The photoluminescence spectra show a correlation between the intensity of a broad green emission, related to native defects, and indium composition used in the molten alloy. A different growth method was used to grow two columnar-structured gallium nitride films using ammonium chloride and gallium as reactants and nitrogen and ammonia as carrier gasses. Investigation by X-ray diffraction and spatially-resolved cathodoluminescence shows the film grown at higher temperature to be primarily hexagonal with small quantities of cubic crystallites, while the one grown at lower temperature to be pure hexagonal. This was also confirmed by low temperature photoluminescence measurements. The results presented here show that cubic and hexagonal crystallites can coexist, with the cubic phase having a much sharper and stronger luminescence. Controlled growth of the cubic phase GaN crystallites can be of use for high efficiency light detecting and emitting devices. The ammonolysis of a precursor was used to grow InGaN powders with different indium composition. High purity hexagonal GaN and InN were obtained. XRD spectra showed complete phase separation for samples with x