Indian Revolts in Northern New Spain

Indian Revolts in Northern New Spain
Author: Roberto Mario Salmón
Publisher: University Press of America
Total Pages: 164
Release: 1991
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780819179838

This book surveys and evaluates Indian revolts in northern New Spain during the years 1680-1786 in terms of specific Indian revolts, Spanish Indian policy over time, and relations between Spaniards, mestizo frontiersmen, and Indians. In this study, northern New Spain refers to what is now the Mexican North and the southwestern United States.

Po'pay

Po'pay
Author: Joe S. Sando
Publisher: Clear Light Publishing
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2005
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN:

Po'pay: Leader of the First American Revolution is the story of the visionary leader of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, which drove the Spanish conquerors out of New Mexico for twelve years. This enabled the Pueblos to continue their languages, traditions and religion on their own ancestral lands, thus helping to create the multicultural tradition that continues to this day in the "Land of Enchantment." The book is the first history of these events from a Pueblo perspective. Edited by Joe S. Sando, a historian from Jemez Pueblo, and Herman Agoyo, a tribal leader from San Juan Pueblo, it draws upon the Pueblos' rich oral history as well as early Spanish records. It also provides the most comprehensive account available of Po'pay the man, revered by his people but largely unknown to other historians. Finally, the book describes the successful effort to honor Po'pay by installing a seven-foot-tall likeness of him as one of New Mexico's two statues in the National Statuary Hall in Washington, D.C. This magnificent statue, carved in marble by Pueblo sculptor Cliff Fragua, is a fitting tribute to a most remarkable man.

Native Resistance and the Pax Colonial in New Spain

Native Resistance and the Pax Colonial in New Spain
Author: Susan Schroeder
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
Total Pages: 238
Release: 1998-01-01
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780803242661

Ethnic rebellions continually disrupted the Pax Colonial, Spain?s three-hundred-year rule over the Native peoples of Mexico. Although these uprisings varied considerably in cause, duration, consequences, and scale, they collectively served as a constant source of worry for the Spanish authorities. This meticulously researched volume provides both a valuable overview of Native uprisings in New Spain and a stimulating reevaluation of their significance. Running counter to the prevailing scholarly tendency to emphasize similarities among ethnic revolts, the seven contributors examine episodes of rebellion that are distinguished by their ethnic, geographical, and historical diversity, ranging culturally and geographically across colonial New Spain and spanning the last two centuries of Spanish rule. Unparalleled access to colonial archival sources also enables the writers to more fully consider indigenous perspectives on resistance and explore in greater detail than before the precipitating factors and effects of different forms of protest. A provocative concluding essay balances this line of inquiry by investigating how a shared cultural disposition toward violence in colonial New Spain contributed to the atmosphere of ethnic tension and rebellion.

Negotiation Within Domination

Negotiation Within Domination
Author: Ethelia Ruiz Medrano
Publisher: University Press of Colorado
Total Pages: 285
Release: 2011-05-18
Genre: History
ISBN: 1457109786

Negotiation within Domination examines the formation of colonial governance in New Spain through interactions between indigenous peoples and representatives of the Spanish Crown. The book highlights the complexity of native negotiation and mediation with colonial rule across time, culture, and place and how it shaped colonial political and legal structures from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries. Although indigenous communities reacted to Spanish presence with significant acts of resistance and rebellion, they also turned to negotiation to deal with conflicts and ameliorate the consequences of colonial rule. This affected not only the development of legal systems in New Spain and Mexico but also the survival and continuation of traditional cultures. Bringing together work by Mexican and North American historians, this collection is a crucially important and rare contribution to the field. Negotiation within Domination is a valuable resource for native peoples as they seek to redefine and revitalize their identities and assert their rights relating to language and religion, ownership of lands and natural resources, rights of self-determination and self-government, and protection of cultural and intellectual property. It will be of interest primarily to specialists in the field of colonial studies and historians and ethnohistorians of New Spain

The Pueblo Indian Revolt of 1696 and the Franciscan Missions in New Mexico

The Pueblo Indian Revolt of 1696 and the Franciscan Missions in New Mexico
Author: J. Manuel Espinosa
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Total Pages: 342
Release: 1988
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780806123653

The Franciscan letters and related documents, translated into English and published here for the first time, describe in detail the Pueblo Indian revolt of 1696 in New Mexico and the destruction of the Franciscan missions. The events are related by the missionaries themselves as they lived side by side with their Indian charges. The suppression of the revolt by the Spaniards, and the reestablishment of the missions, was a turning point in the history of the Southwest. The New Mexican colony had been founded and settled in 1598 and had endured until 1680, when an earlier Pueblo Indian revolt had forced the Spaniards co retreat south co El Paso. In 1692, Governor Diego de Vargas led a military expedition into New Mexico that met virtually no resistance, convincing him that he could return and reconquer and resettle the region for Spain. In 1693, after a bloody battle at Santa Fe, the Spanish colony was reestablished in the midst of the concentration of Indian pueblos along the upper Rio Grande. It was then that hostile Pueblo Indian leaders, recalling their victory in 1680, secretly plotted the revolt that cook place in 1696. J. Manuel Espinosa has written a superb introduction placing the Pueblo Indian revolt of 1696 in historical perspective and presenting the important events recorded in the documents that constitute the major part of the book. The letters and writs, by mission friars and Spanish military authorities, reveal the agonizing decisions that the colony of priests, soldiers, and farmers faced in meeting the challenge of undaunted Indian leaders. The documents also contain information on the pueblos and Indian life not found in any other source. This book presents a remarkable view, from the Spaniards' perspective, of the clash of cultures in the pueblos, as well as insights into the causes and results of the Pueblo revolt. The documents contribute greatly to our knowledge of events in northern New Spain that proved very significant in the development of the region. No other work deals in such detail with this period in New Mexico history or provides such broad documentary coverage.

Cycles of Conquest

Cycles of Conquest
Author: Edward H. Spicer
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
Total Pages: 624
Release: 2015-09-19
Genre: History
ISBN: 0816532923

After more than fifty years, Cycles of Conquest is still one of the best syntheses of more than four centuries of conquest, colonization, and resistance ever published. It explores how ten major Native groups in northern Mexico and what is now the United States responded to political incorporation, linguistic hegemony, community reorganization, religious conversion, and economic integration. Thomas E. Sheridan writes in the new foreword commissioned for this special edition that the book is “monumental in scope and magisterial in presentation.” Cycles of Conquest remains a seminal work, deeply influencing how we have come to view the greater Southwest and its peoples.

Salvation Through Slavery

Salvation Through Slavery
Author: nrietta Henrietta Stockel
Publisher: University of New Mexico Press
Total Pages: 119
Release: 2022-09-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 0826343279

In her latest work, H. Henrietta Stockel examines the collision of the ethnocentric Spanish missionaries and the Chiricahua Apaches, including the resulting identity theft through Christian baptism, and the even more destructive creation of a local slave trade. The new information provided in this study offers a sample of the total unknown number of baptized Chiricahua men, women, and children who were sold into slavery by Jesuits and Franciscans. Stockel provides the identity of the priests as well as the names of the purchasers, often identified as "Godfather." Stockel also explores Jesuit and Franciscan attempts to maintain their missions on New Spain's northern frontier during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. She focuses on how international political and economic forces shaped the determination of the priests to mold the Apaches into Christians and tax-paying citizens of the Empire. Diseases, warfare, interpersonal relations, and an overwhelming number of surrendered Chiricahuas at the missions, along with reduced supplies from Mexico City, forced the missionaries to use every means to continue their efforts at conversion, including deporting the Apaches to Cuba and selling others to Christian families on the colonial frontier.

Bernardo de Gálvez

Bernardo de Gálvez
Author: Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia
Publisher: UNC Press Books
Total Pages: 617
Release: 2018-03-23
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 1469640805

Although Spain was never a formal ally of the United States during the American Revolution, its entry into the war definitively tipped the balance against Britain. Led by Bernardo de Galvez, supreme commander of the Spanish forces in North America, their military campaigns against British settlements on the Mississippi River—and later against Mobile and Pensacola—were crucial in preventing Britain from concentrating all its North American military and naval forces on the fight against George Washington's Continental army. In this first comprehensive biography of Galvez (1746@–86), Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia assesses the commander's considerable historical impact and expands our understanding of Spain's contribution to the war. A man of both empire and the Enlightenment, as viceroy of New Spain (1785@–86), Galvez was also pivotal in the design and implementation of Spanish colonial reforms, which included the reorganization of Spain's Northern Frontier that brought peace to the region for the duration of the Spanish presence in North America. Extensively researched through Spanish, Mexican, and U.S. archives, Quintero Saravia's portrait of Galvez reveals him as central to the histories of the Revolution and late eighteenth-century America and offers a reinterpretation of the international factors involved in the American War for Independence.

The Presidio and Militia on the Northern Frontier of New Spain: 1570-1700

The Presidio and Militia on the Northern Frontier of New Spain: 1570-1700
Author: Thomas H. Naylor
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
Total Pages: 770
Release: 1986
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780816509034

Reports, orders, journals, and letters of military officials trace frontier history through the Chicimeca War and Peace (1576-1606), early rebellions in the Sierra Madre (1601-1618), mid-century challenges and realignment (1640-1660), and northern rebellions and new presidios (1681-1695).