Inborn Knowledge

Inborn Knowledge
Author: Colin McGinn
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 148
Release: 2016-01-01
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0262334496

An argument that nativism is true and important but mysterious, examining the particular case of ideas of sensible qualities. In this book, Colin McGinn presents a concise, clear, and compelling argument that the origins of knowledge are innate—that nativism, not empiricism, is correct in its theory of how concepts are acquired. McGinn considers the particular case of sensible qualities—ideas of color, shape, taste, and so on. He argues that these, which he once regarded as the strongest case for the empiricist position, are in fact not well explained by the empiricist account that they derive from interactions with external objects. Rather, he contends, ideas of sensible qualities offer the strongest case for the nativist position—that a large range of our knowledge is inborn, not acquired through the senses. Yet, McGinn cautions, how this can be is deeply problematic; we have no good theories about how innate knowledge is possible. Innate knowledge is a mystery, though a fact. McGinn describes the traditional debate between empiricism and nativism; offers an array of arguments against empiricism; constructs an argument in favor of nativism; and considers the philosophical consequences of adopting the nativist position, discussing perception, the mind–body problem, the unconscious, metaphysics, and epistemology.

Inborn Knowledge

Inborn Knowledge
Author: Colin McGinn
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 148
Release: 2015-12-04
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0262029391

An argument that nativism is true and important but mysterious, examining the particular case of ideas of sensible qualities. In this book, Colin McGinn presents a concise, clear, and compelling argument that the origins of knowledge are innate—that nativism, not empiricism, is correct in its theory of how concepts are acquired. McGinn considers the particular case of sensible qualities—ideas of color, shape, taste, and so on. He argues that these, which he once regarded as the strongest case for the empiricist position, are in fact not well explained by the empiricist account that they derive from interactions with external objects. Rather, he contends, ideas of sensible qualities offer the strongest case for the nativist position—that a large range of our knowledge is inborn, not acquired through the senses. Yet, McGinn cautions, how this can be is deeply problematic; we have no good theories about how innate knowledge is possible. Innate knowledge is a mystery, though a fact. McGinn describes the traditional debate between empiricism and nativism; offers an array of arguments against empiricism; constructs an argument in favor of nativism; and considers the philosophical consequences of adopting the nativist position, discussing perception, the mind–body problem, the unconscious, metaphysics, and epistemology.

Using the Socratic Method in Counseling

Using the Socratic Method in Counseling
Author: Katarzyna Peoples
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 267
Release: 2017-09-27
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1351785133

Using the Socratic Method in Counseling shows counselors how to use the Socratic method to help clients solve life problems using knowledge they may not realize they have. Coauthored by two experts from the fields of philosophy and counseling, the book presents theory and techniques that give counselors a client-centered and contextually bound method for better addressing issues of ethnicities, genders, cultures. Readers will find that Using the Socratic Method in Counseling is a thorough and useful text on a new theoretical orientation grounded in ancient philosophy.

Learning, Teaching and Education Research in the 21st Century

Learning, Teaching and Education Research in the 21st Century
Author: Joanna Swann
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 290
Release: 2011-12-15
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1441125035

Learning, Teaching and Education Research in the 21st Century draws on Karl Popper's evolutionary epistemology and challenges widespread assumptions about learning, teaching and research that are embedded in the practices of many teachers and in the design of most education institutions worldwide. Joanna Swann argues that to promote the growth of learning we need to encourage children and adolescents to exercise and develop creativity and criticality, and that we need to provide and maintain environments in which they can safely engage in self-initiated and self-directed exploratory activity. In accessible and engaging language, the author presents philosophical arguments that support the defence and development of non-authoritarian approaches to learning and teaching that can be used by individuals and groups working in or outside state-funded schools. In particular, she provides tried-and-tested guidelines for student-initiated curricula and a problem-based methodology for professional development and action research.

Child Language Development

Child Language Development
Author: Sandra Bochner
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 260
Release: 2008-04-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0470698543

This publication is concerned with the early stages of language acquisition and is designed for use by early childhood teachers, nursery nurses, special education teachers and others working with children experiencing difficulties in learning to talk. Procedures are described that can be used to assess a child' s current skills and plan activities to increase communicative competence. The programme described is based on a developmental sequence that moves the early skills of joint attention, turn-taking and appropriate play to the more complex skills of asking and answering questions. Other issues discussed include sound development and intelligibility, the use of augmentative and alternative communication as stepping stones to speech, working with children and with families. The second edition has an expanded focus on the place of communicative intentions in early language development.

Dictionary of Latin and Greek Theological Terms

Dictionary of Latin and Greek Theological Terms
Author: Richard A. Muller
Publisher: Baker Academic
Total Pages: 467
Release: 2017-11-07
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 1493412086

This indispensable companion to key post-Reformation theological texts provides clear and concise definitions of Latin and Greek terms for students at a variety of levels. Written by a leading scholar of the Reformation and post-Reformation eras, this volume offers definitions that bear the mark of expert judgment and precision. The second edition includes new material and has been updated and revised throughout.

Manual of Christian Doctrine

Manual of Christian Doctrine
Author: Louis Berkhof
Publisher: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing
Total Pages: 378
Release: 1939-02-15
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 9780802816474

Basing this work on his own full-scale Systematic Theology, Berkhof summarizes the body of church doctrine, beginning with the doctrines of Scripture and God and proceeding through statements on anthropology, Christology, soteriology, and more.

The Future of the Cognitive Revolution

The Future of the Cognitive Revolution
Author: David Johnson
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 412
Release: 1997-04-24
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0195356047

The basic idea of the particular way of understanding mental phenomena that has inspired the "cognitive revolution" is that, as a result of certain relatively recent intellectual and technological innovations, informed theorists now possess a more powerfully insightful comparison or model for mind than was available to any thinkers in the past. The model in question is that of software, or the list of rules for input, output, and internal transformations by which we determine and control the workings of a computing machine's hardware. Although this comparison and its many implications have dominated work in the philosophy, psychology, and neurobiology of mind since the end of the Second World War, it now shows increasing signs of losing its once virtually unquestioned preeminence. Thus we now face the question of whether it is possible to repair and save this model by means of relatively inessential "tinkering", or whether we must reconceive it fundamentally and replace it with something different. In this book, twenty-eight leading scholars from diverse fields of "cognitive science"-linguistics, psychology, neurophysiology, and philosophy- present their latest, carefully considered judgements about what they think will be the future course of this intellectual movement, that in many respects has been a watershed in our contemporary struggles to comprehend that which is crucially significant about human beings. Jerome Bruner, Noam Chomsky, Margaret Boden, Ulric Neisser, Rom Harre, Merlin Donald, among others, have all written chapters in a non-technical style that can be enjoyed and understood by an inter-disciplinary audience of psychologists, philosophers, anthropologists, linguists, and cognitive scientists alike.

Seeing Good, Doing Evil

Seeing Good, Doing Evil
Author: Michael D. Russell
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
Total Pages: 132
Release: 2020-07-31
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 1725275910

According to the Apostle Paul, what can be known about God—and by extension, about ethics—is plain to people, so we are “without excuse.” Romans 1:18–21 teaches that we will be “without excuse” when God confronts us for whatever beliefs and actions seemed good to us on the day, but weren’t. In our time, this notion has come to seem at least unpalatable, and more likely unbelievable. Michael D. Russell’s book is an extended meditation on the possibilities in this Pauline statement and a concerted effort to enable us to understand and accept it. Situated in Reformed Protestant discussion of this matter, he offers some clarifying proposals. Maintaining all the while that whoever we are we are indeed without excuse, Michael proposes how to understand that conclusion without accepting some of the usual routes to it.

Input Matters in SLA

Input Matters in SLA
Author: Thorsten Piske
Publisher: Multilingual Matters
Total Pages: 325
Release: 2009
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 1847691099

This volume bridges the gap between theory and practice by bringing together well-known and new authors to discuss a topic of mutual interest to second language researchers and teachers alike: input. Reader-friendly chapters offer a range of existing and new perspectives on input in morphology, syntax, phonetics and phonology.