Improving Energy Security For Air Force Installations
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| Author | : David Schill |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 175 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : Electronic books |
| ISBN | : |
Like civilian infrastructure, Air Force installations are dependent on electrical energy for daily operations. Energy shortages translate to decreased productivity, higher costs, and increased health risks. But for the United States military, energy shortages have the potential to become national security risks. Over ninety-five percent of the electrical energy used by the Air Force is supplied by the domestic grid, which is susceptible to shortages and disruptions. Many Air Force operations require a continuous source of energy, and while the Air Force has historically established redundant supplies of electrical energy, these back-ups are designed for short-term outages and may not provide sufficient supply for a longer, sustained power outage. Furthermore, it is the goal of the Department of Defense to produce or procure 25 percent of its facility energy from renewable sources by fiscal year 2025. In a government budget environment where decision makers are required to provide more capability with less money, it is becoming increasingly important for informed decisions regarding which energy supply options bear the most benefit for an installation. The analysis begins by exploring the field of energy supply options available to an Air Force installation. The supply options are assessed according to their ability to provide continuous and reliable energy, their applicability to unique requirements of Air Force installations, and their costs. Various methods of calculating energy usage by an installation are also addressed. The next step of this research develops a methodology and tool which assesses how an installation responds to various power outage scenarios. Lastly, various energy supply options are applied to the tool, and the results are reported in terms of cost and loss of installation capability. This approach will allow installation commanders and energy managers the ability to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of various energy investment options.
| Author | : William J. Lynn, 3rd |
| Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 21 |
| Release | : 2011-08-16 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1437987761 |
The Office of the Assistant Sec. of Defense for Operational Energy was created in 2010 to strengthen the energy security of U.S. military operations. The mission of the office is to help the military services and combatant commands improve military capabilities, cut costs, and lower operational and strategic risk through better energy accounting, planning, management, and innovation. Energy security is important to national security. The cost of America's national energy consumption, particularly of oil, is too high, both in the billions of dollars the Nation sends overseas and in the geostratic consequences. This Operational Energy Strategy will guide the DOD in how to better use energy resources to support its strategic goals and the Nation's energy goals, while allowing DOD to lower the risks to warfighters, shift resources to other warfighting priorities, and same money for American taxpayers. Figures. This is a print on demand report.
| Author | : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Readiness |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 110 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 77 |
| Release | : 2013-03-04 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309270235 |
The Department of Defense (DoD) is the largest consumer of energy in the federal government. In turn, the U.S. Air Force is the largest consumer of energy in the DoD, with a total annual energy expenditure of around $10 billion. Approximately 84 percent of Air Force energy use involves liquid fuel consumed in aviation whereas approximately 12 percent is energy (primarily electricity) used in facilities on the ground. This workshop was concerned primarily with opportunities to reduce energy consumption within Air Force facilities that employ energy intensive industrial processes-for example, assembly/disassembly, painting, metal working, and operation of radar facilities-such as those that occur in the maintenance depots and testing facilities. Air Force efforts to reduce energy consumption are driven largely by external goals and mandates derived from Congressional legislation and executive orders. To date, these goals and mandates have targeted the energy used at the building or facility level rather than in specific industrial processes. In response to a request from the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Energy and the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Science, Technology, and Engineering, the National Research Council, under the auspices of the Air Force Studies Board, formed the Committee on Energy Reduction at U.S. Air Force Facilities Using Industrial Processes: A Workshop. The terms of reference called for a committee to plan and convene one 3 day public workshop to discuss: (1) what are the current industrial processes that are least efficient and most cost ineffective? (2) what are best practices in comparable facilities for comparable processes to achieve energy efficiency? (3) what are the potential applications for the best practices to be found in comparable facilities for comparable processes to achieve energy efficiency? (4) what are constraints and considerations that might limit applicability to Air Force facilities and processes over the next ten year implementation time frame? (5) what are the costs and paybacks from implementation of the best practices? (6) what will be a proposed resulting scheme of priorities for study and implementation of the identified best practices? (7) what does a holistic representation of energy and water consumption look like within operations and maintenance?
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 148 |
| Release | : 1986 |
| Genre | : Energy policy |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Constantine Samaras |
| Publisher | : Rand Corporation |
| Total Pages | : 61 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0833079131 |
Department of Defense (DoD) installations rely on the commercial electricity grid for 99 percent of their electricity needs, but extensive energy delivery outages in 2012 have reinforced that the U.S. electricity grid is vulnerable to disruptions from natural hazards and actor-induced outages, such as physical or cyber attacks. In the event of a catastrophic disaster--such as a severe hurricane, massive earthquake, or large-scale terrorist attack--DoD installations would also serve as a base for emergency services. To enhance energy security, DoD has identified diversifying energy sources and increasing efficiency in DoD operations as critical goals. But how to enhance energy security across the portfolio of installations is not clear and several questions remain unanswered: Energy security for how long? Under what conditions? At what cost? The underlying analytical questions are, what critical capabilities do U.S. installations provide, and how can DoD maintain these capabilities during an energy services disruption in the most cost-effective manner? Answering these questions requires a systems approach that incorporates technological, economic, and operational uncertainties. Using portfolio analysis methods for assessing capability options, this paper presents a framework to evaluate choices among energy security strategies for DoD installations. This framework evaluates whether existing or proposed installation energy security strategies enhance DoD capabilities and evaluates strategy cost-effectiveness.
| Author | : Anu Narayanan |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 120 |
| Release | : 2017-12-07 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780833098641 |
This report presents a framework that mission owners and civil engineers at Air Force installations can use to assess their level of energy assurance.
| Author | : Noah J. Fillian |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 37 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : Air bases, American |
| ISBN | : |
"Energy is consumed at every level of warfare and is required for Air Force (AF) mission success. As adversaries seek more asymmetrical advantages against the United States and global climate change gives rise to more severe weather patterns, the security of AF energy is at an increasing level of risk. Adding to this problem, the infrastructure budget is not growing, making it more difficult to both meet energy-related mandates and improve energy resiliency. This paper evaluates energy security at the installation level and asks the question “How can the Air Force improve energy source and infrastructure weaknesses to sustain future mission requirements?” Energy consumption reduction, infrastructure upgrades, alternative onsite power generation and acquisition methods for these projects are part of this analysis. Focusing primarily on electrical energy, this paper will employ a problem/solution framework and propose a course of action to help set the AF on a path to correct its complex energy security problem. The final recommendation is to implement the right combination of consumption reduction, infrastructure upgrades and, primarily, alternative onsite power generation at AF installations. To achieve this the AF must reconsider how it prioritizes and funds energy-related projects to best meet the AF mission."--Abstract.
| Author | : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Readiness |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 180 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Energy conservation |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Stephanie P. Wilson |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 30 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Air bases, American |
| ISBN | : |
"US Air Force installations are overly reliant on the commercial power grid to provide high quality, reliable electrical energy for facilities and infrastructure critical to sustaining airpower's role in national security and homeland defense missions. However, history has shown the grid to experience unscheduled, intermittent outages of varying size and duration that place these missions at risk. To overcome this vulnerability, the US Air Force should reexamine current energy management precepts to prioritize security of its facility energy supply as a primary objective alongside ongoing mandated initiatives to reduce energy consumption and integrate renewable energy sources. There are several distributed energy technologies and initiatives available to aid this refocused effort and bolster US Air Force facility energy security ahead of the emerging cyber threat that portends extended unavailability of the commercial power grid. Microgrids are one such technology that will enable US Air Force installations to sever grid connections and rely on locally generated electrical energy, which maximize renewable energy sources to provide the US Air Force an energy security solution for mission critical infrastructure. The net zero energy basing initiative encompasses microgrids but is overreaching in its effort to make military installations completely self-sufficient especially in the current fiscally constrained environment."--Abstract.
