Mauritius and Ghana made greater strides than other Sub-Saharan African countries in trade reform. Some Sub-Saharan countries made greater progress that was later reversed -- either dramatically (Madagascar and Zambia) or incrementally (Kenya, Nigeria, and Senegal). But others (Uganda) have shown significant recent progress. By virtually every measure, the CommunauteÌ financieÌ€re Africaine (franc zone) countries as a group have not been as succeccful as the non- franc- zone countries in implementing trade reform. Changes in trade policy -- including nontariff barriers -- can be quantified in terms of "tariff equivalence" using a new method described in this paper.