Impact Of Foreign Ownership On The Civil Reserve Air Fleet
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Impact of Foreign Ownership on the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (Maxwell Paper, Number 42).
Author | : |
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Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2008 |
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Since the beginning of manned flight, the movement of personnel and equipment by air has been critical to U.S. national security. This realization led to the establishment of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) in 1951 to augment the military airlift fleet in times of national emergency. In the 56 years following its inception, the CRAF has proven itself numerous times as a critical enabler to U.S. military strategy. Recent changes within the military and trends toward a globalized economy have placed the Department of Defense and U.S. airlines on diverging paths. The purpose of this paper is to examine these changes and their possible impact on U.S. national security. Following a basic overview of the CRAF and its criticality, the paper examines the conflict of interest between the national economy and national security regarding the push to liberalize airline ownership and control. The paper concludes by examining possible options and recommendations that help address these concerns to ensure that the CRAF program remains a viable and integral part of the U.S. military capability.
A History of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet in Operations Desert Shield, Desert Storm, and Desert Sortie
Author | : Ronald N. Priddy |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 336 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Airlift, Military |
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Progressive Commercialization of Airline Governance Culture
Author | : Jan Walulik |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 293 |
Release | : 2016-08-05 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1317224264 |
Progressive Commercialization of Airline Governance Culture analyzes the transition of the airline sector from the not-for-profit nation-bound public utility model towards a profit-oriented globalized industry. It illustrates how legal, political, historical and cultural factors have shaped the corporate governance in the airline sector, and describes how these factors influence economic decisions and performance. The unique feature of the book is that the subject is consequentially discussed from the perspective of airline governance culture. This approach links the examination of legal and policy factors which influence airline activities together with a discussion of economic issues, all within one clear, coherent and comprehensive framework.
War Risk Insurance and the Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program
Author | : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Aviation |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 184 |
Release | : 1992 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
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Effectiveness of the U.S. Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program
Author | : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight |
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Total Pages | : 124 |
Release | : 1991 |
Genre | : Airlift, Military |
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Legal Developments in International Civil Aviation
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Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2006 |
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Much of the law regarding civil aviation has been developed through a combination of domestic laws and international agreements between the United States and other nations. In 1992, the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) introduced the "Open Skies" initiative and began negotiating and entering into modern civil aviation agreements with foreign countries, as well as individual members of the European Union (EU). As a result of a 2002 European Court of Justice ruling that several portions of these "Open Skies" Agreements violated EU law, the United States and the EU have been negotiating a new Open Skies Agreement. A tentative agreement appears to exist between the parties that if enacted would, among other things, allow every EU and U.S. airline to fly between every city in the European Union and every city in the United States and would permit U.S. and EU airlines to determine the number of flights, their routes, and fares according to market demand. Despite this development, there appears to remain several areas of international civil aviation law that the tentative agreement does not address. Among them are the issues of foreign ownership and control, participation in the Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program, and cabotage. Presently, U.S. law requires that to operate as an air carrier in the United States, an entity must be a citizen of the United States. To be considered a citizen for civil aviation purposes, an entity must be owned either by an individual U.S. citizen, a partnership of persons who are each U.S. citizens, or a corporation (1) whose president and at least two-thirds of the board of directors and other managing officers are U.S. citizens, (2) that is under the actual control of U.S. citizens, and (3) has at least 75 percent of its stock owned or controlled by U.S. citizens. Recently, however, the DOT released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) that would change its interpretation of what constitutes "actual control." If adopted, this new interpretation could have major implications for U.S. and international civil aviation. Several issues relating to this NPRM are currently being debated, including the consistency with the operative statutes and the viability of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program (CRAF), should more extensive foreign ownership be permitted. In addition, Members of Congress have taken a significant interest in this DOT rulemaking, both through direct participation in the rulemaking process and by introducing legislation (H.R. 4542 and S. 2135) that would prohibit the adoption of a final rule for one year and require the DOT to submit reports and analysis on the impact of the new interpretation on the domestic industry and national security concerns. Furthermore, both the House and Senate have adopted amendments to the proposed Transportation, Treasury, Housing and Urban Development, the Judiciary, the District of Columbia and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act of 2007 (H.R. 5576) that would effectively forestall the DOT from adopting a final rule. U.S. law also contains a general restriction on cabotage, defined as the transportation of passengers or cargo by foreign air carriers from one point in the United States to another. This report provides background on U.S. civil aviation agreements, updates the current status of U.S. "Open Skies" negotiations with the EU, and addresses the legal debate concerning both the foreign ownership and control rules and the cabotage laws. It will be updated as events warrant.
Leveraged buyouts and foreign ownership of United States airlines
Author | : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Aviation |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 484 |
Release | : 1990 |
Genre | : Aeronautics, Commercial |
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Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States
Author | : United States. Congress. House |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 1488 |
Release | : 2003 |
Genre | : CD-ROMs |
ISBN | : |
Some vols. include supplemental journals of "such proceedings of the sessions, as, during the time they were depending, were ordered to be kept secret, and respecting which the injunction of secrecy was afterwards taken off by the order of the House".