Illicit Medicines In The Global South
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Author | : Mathieu Quet |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 179 |
Release | : 2021-10-20 |
Genre | : Health & Fitness |
ISBN | : 1000463249 |
This book investigates pharmaceutical regulation and the public health issue of fake or illicit medicines in developing countries. The book analyses the evolution of pharmaceutical capitalism, showing how the entanglement of market and health interests has come to shape global regulation. Drawing on extensive fieldwork in India, Kenya, and Europe, it demonstrates how large pharmaceutical companies have used the fight against fake medicines to serve their strategic interests and protect their monopolies, sometimes to the detriment of access to medicines in developing countries. The book investigates how the contemporary dynamics of pharmaceutical power in global markets have gone on to shape societies locally, resulting in more security-oriented policies. These processes highlight the key consequences of contemporary "logistical regimes" for access to health. Providing important insights on how the flows of commodities, persons, and knowledge shape contemporary access to medicines in the developing countries, this book will be of considerable interest to policy makers and regulators, and to scholars and students across sociology, science and technology studies, global health, and development studies.
Author | : Maziyar Ghiabi |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 247 |
Release | : 2020-04-28 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 042983635X |
More than a hundred years have passed since the adoption of the first prohibitionist laws on drugs. Increasingly, the edifice of international drug control and laws is vacillating under pressures of reform. Scholarship on drugs history and policy has had a tendency to look at the issue mostly in the Western hemisphere of the globe or to privilege Western narratives of drugs and drugs policy. This volume instead turns this approach upside down and makes an intellectual attempt to redefine the subject of drugs in the Global South. Opium, heroin, cannabis, hashish, methamphetamines and khat are among the drugs discussed in the contributions to the volume, which spans from Sub-Saharan Africa to Southeast Asia, including the Middle East, North Africa, Latin America and the Indian Subcontinent. The volume also makes a powerful case for an interdisciplinary approach to the study of drugs by juxtaposing the work of historians, political scientists, geographers, anthropologists and criminologists. Ultimately, this edited volume is a rich and diverse collection of new case studies, which opens up venues for further research. This book was originally published as a special issue of Third World Quarterly.
Author | : United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 1901 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9789210041744 |
The 2019 World Drug Report will include an updated overview of recent trends on production, trafficking and consumption of key illicit drugs. The Report contains a global overview of the baseline data and estimates on drug demand and supply and provides the reference point for information on the drug situation worldwide.
Author | : Maziyar Ghiabi |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 365 |
Release | : 2019-06-20 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1108475450 |
Offers new and cutting-edge research on the role of drugs in Iranian society and government. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Author | : South African Institute of International Affairs |
Publisher | : South African Institute of International Affairs Jan Smuts House |
Total Pages | : 202 |
Release | : 1998 |
Genre | : Drug control |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Cláudia Costa Storti |
Publisher | : MIT Press |
Total Pages | : 277 |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0262016559 |
Economists explore the relationship between expanding international trade and the parallel growth in illicit trade, including illegal drugs, smuggling, and organized crime. As international trade has expanded dramatically in the postwar period--an expansion accelerated by the opening of China, Russia, India, and Eastern Europe--illicit international trade has grown in tandem with it. This volume uses the economist's toolkit to examine the economic, political, and social problems resulting from such illicit activities as illegal drug trade, smuggling, and organized crime. The contributors consider several aspects of the illegal drug market, including the sometimes puzzling relationships among purity, price, and risk; the effect of globalization on the heroin and cocaine markets, examined both through mathematical models and with empirical data from the U.K; the spread of khat, a psychoactive drug imported legally to the U.K. as a vegetable; and the economic effect of the "war on drugs" on producer and consumer countries. Other chapters examine the hidden financial flows of organized crime, patterns of smuggling in international trade, Iran's illicit trading activity, and the impact of mafia-like crime on foreign direct investment in Italy.
Author | : United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime |
Publisher | : United Nations Publications |
Total Pages | : 354 |
Release | : 2003 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9789211481563 |
This annual report contains estimates and analysis of the world situation regarding illegal drug production, trafficking and consumption, based on data obtained primarily from the annual reports questionnaire (ARQ), sent by governments to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in 2002, as well as other supplementary sources. The report seeks to contribute to regular assessments of the current scale of the global drug problem, in order to help provide an improved knowledge base for policymaking. The first section of the report deals with trends in the production, trafficking and consumption of opium/heroin, cocaine, cannabis and amphetamine-type stimulants; whilst the second part provides the statistics on which these globally aggregated estimates and trends are based.
Author | : Paul Gootenberg |
Publisher | : Univ of North Carolina Press |
Total Pages | : 463 |
Release | : 2009-06-01 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 080788779X |
Illuminating a hidden and fascinating chapter in the history of globalization, Paul Gootenberg chronicles the rise of one of the most spectacular and now illegal Latin American exports: cocaine. Gootenberg traces cocaine's history from its origins as a medical commodity in the nineteenth century to its repression during the early twentieth century and its dramatic reemergence as an illicit good after World War II. Connecting the story of the drug's transformations is a host of people, products, and processes: Sigmund Freud, Coca-Cola, and Pablo Escobar all make appearances, exemplifying the global influences that have shaped the history of cocaine. But Gootenberg decenters the familiar story to uncover the roles played by hitherto obscure but vital Andean actors as well--for example, the Peruvian pharmacist who developed the techniques for refining cocaine on an industrial scale and the creators of the original drug-smuggling networks that decades later would be taken over by Colombian traffickers. Andean Cocaine proves indispensable to understanding one of the most vexing social dilemmas of the late twentieth-century Americas: the American cocaine epidemic of the 1980s and, in its wake, the seemingly endless U.S. drug war in the Andes.
Author | : Eric D. U. Gutierrez |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2024 |
Genre | : Cocaine industry |
ISBN | : 9781032500416 |
"This book investigates the cross-border trade in illicit drug crops in the global south. It exposes an important paradox: Despite all the dangers and negative consequences of these criminal networks, in many cases, they also provide marginalised and excluded communities with important private sources of protection, investment, and employment. This book reconstructs and compares socioeconomic contexts, criminal careers, and changes in farmgate prices of illicit coca and opium poppy crops in Afghanistan, Myanmar, Colombia, and Bolivia. It investigates the politics of strange bedfellows; informal bankers-without-suits providing cross-border financial services to the undocumented and the unbanked; the criminals without borders; and the mystery of illicit crop prices. The book challenges commonly held assumptions and casts new light on how relationships of conflict and accommodation are arranged and re-arranged in fluid, ever-changing contexts, producing often paradoxical outcomes. It then suggests policy reforms and alternative approaches to drug policy, development aid, and peacebuilding work. Researchers and students across development, peacebuilding, illicit economies, and conflict studies will find this book an important source of original research and analysis. It will also be useful for politicians, commentators and public officials considering what to do differently in tackling illicit drug economies"--
Author | : Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 377 |
Release | : 2013-06-20 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309269393 |
The adulteration and fraudulent manufacture of medicines is an old problem, vastly aggravated by modern manufacturing and trade. In the last decade, impotent antimicrobial drugs have compromised the treatment of many deadly diseases in poor countries. More recently, negligent production at a Massachusetts compounding pharmacy sickened hundreds of Americans. While the national drugs regulatory authority (hereafter, the regulatory authority) is responsible for the safety of a country's drug supply, no single country can entirely guarantee this today. The once common use of the term counterfeit to describe any drug that is not what it claims to be is at the heart of the argument. In a narrow, legal sense a counterfeit drug is one that infringes on a registered trademark. The lay meaning is much broader, including any drug made with intentional deceit. Some generic drug companies and civil society groups object to calling bad medicines counterfeit, seeing it as the deliberate conflation of public health and intellectual property concerns. Countering the Problem of Falsified and Substandard Drugs accepts the narrow meaning of counterfeit, and, because the nuances of trademark infringement must be dealt with by courts, case by case, the report does not discuss the problem of counterfeit medicines.