Solar and Space Weather Radiophysics

Solar and Space Weather Radiophysics
Author: D.E. Gary
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 414
Release: 2006-01-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1402028148
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This volume is the outgrowth of several international meetings to discuss a vision for the future of solar radio physics: the development of a new radio instrument. From these discussions, the concept for the Frequency Agile Solar Radiotelescope (FASR) was born. Most of the chapters of this book are based oninvitedtalksattheFASRScienceWorkshop,heldinGreenbank,WVinMay 2002, and a special session on Solar and Space Weather Radiophysics held at the 200th American Astronomical Society meeting held in Albuquerque, NM in June 2002. Although many of the chapters deal with topics of interest in planning for FASR, other topics in Solar and Space Weather Radiophysics, such as solar radar and interplanetary scintillation, are covered to round out the discipline. The authors have been asked to write with a tutorial approach, to make the book useful to graduate students and scientists new to radio physics. This book is more than a compilation of FASR science topics. The FASR instrument concept is so revolutionary—by extending capability by an order of magnitude in several dimensions at once (frequency coverage, spatial reso- tion,dynamicrange,timeresolution,polarizationprecision)—thatitchallenges scientiststothinkinnewways. Theauthorsofthefollowingchaptershavebeen taskednotonlywithreviewingthecurrentstateofthe?eld,butalsowithlooking to the future and imagining what is possible. Radio emission is extremely complex because it is generated so readily, and every imaginable plasma parameter affects it. This is both its great strength and its weakness.

Handbook of the Solar-Terrestrial Environment

Handbook of the Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Author: Yohsuke Kamide
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 539
Release: 2007-08-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540463151
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As a star in the universe, the Sun is constantly releas- cover a wide range of time and spatial scales, making ?? ing energy into space, as much as ?. ? ?? erg/s. Tis observations in the solar-terrestrial environment c- energy emission basically consists of three modes. Te plicated and the understanding of processes di?cult. ?rst mode of solar energy is the so-called blackbody ra- In the early days, the phenomena in each plasma diation, commonly known as sunlight, and the second region were studied separately, but with the progress mode of solar electromagnetic emission, such as X rays of research, we realized the importance of treating and UV radiation, is mostly absorbed above the Earth’s the whole chain of processes as an entity because of stratosphere. Te third mode of solar energy emission is strong interactions between various regions within in the form of particles having a wide range of energies the solar-terrestrial system. On the basis of extensive from less than ? keV to more than ? GeV. It is convenient satellite observations and computer simulations over to group these particles into lower-energy particles and thepasttwo decades, it hasbecomepossibleto analyze higher-energy particles, which are referred to as the so- speci?cally the close coupling of di?erent regions in the lar wind and solar cosmic rays, respectively. solar-terrestrial environment.

Using Solar Radio Burst Integrated Fluxes to Predict Energetic Proton Flux Increases

Using Solar Radio Burst Integrated Fluxes to Predict Energetic Proton Flux Increases
Author: William R. Barron
Publisher:
Total Pages: 36
Release: 1982
Genre: Protons
ISBN:
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Time-integrated solar ratio fluxes and their association with satellite observed solar energetic proton flux increases have been studied. The time-integration was only of the U-portion of the radio burst flux increase. The best correlations between the integrated radio fluxes and the proton peak fluxes were realized when the radio fluxes were multiplied by the factor exp (-3B), where B is the angular distance, in radians, between the site of the flare and the solar footpoint of the magnetic field connection between the sun and the earth. The solar footpoint positions were determined from the solar wind speed. Two-variate linear regressions were computed using the time-integrated radio fluxes at five discrete radio frequencies in the 606 to 8800 MHz frequency interval and peak proton fluxes at > 10 MeV and > 30 MeV. The higher frequencies of 2695, 4995 and 8800 MHz all correlated better with the > 10 -MeV protons than the lower frequencies. The > 30-MeV protons were even better correlated with the higher frequencies, but correlation with the lower frequencies were poorer. The Total Energy Density, E sub T, of the radio burst, an integration across the frequency interval of the time-integrated radio fluxes at each frequency, was found to be better correlated with the proton fluxes than any of the individual frequencies.

Space Weather

Space Weather
Author: Volker Bothmer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 517
Release: 2007-01-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540345787
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The editors present a state-of-the-art overview on the Physics of Space Weather and its effects on technological and biological systems on the ground and in space. It opens with a general introduction on the subject, followed by a historical review on the major developments in the field of solar terrestrial relationships leading to its development into the up-to-date field of space weather. Specific emphasis is placed on the technological effects that have impacted society in the past century at times of major solar activity. Chapter 2 summarizes key milestones, starting from the base of solar observations with classic telescopes up to recent space observations and new mission developments with EUV and X-ray telescopes (e.g., STEREO), yielding an unprecedented view of the sun-earth system. Chapter 3 provides a scientific summary of the present understanding of the physics of the sun-earth system based on the latest results from spacecraft designed to observe the Sun, the interplanetary medium and geospace. Chapter 4 describes how the plasma and magnetic field structure of the earth's magnetosphere is impacted by the variation of the solar and interplanetary conditions, providing the necessary science and technology background for missions in low and near earth's orbit. Chapter 5 elaborates the physics of the layer of the earth's upper atmosphere that is the cause of disruptions in radio-wave communications and GPS (Global Positioning System) errors, which is of crucial importance for projects like Galileo. In Chapters 6-10, the impacts of technology used up to now in space, on earth and on life are reviewed.

Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure

Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure
Author: Ioannis A. Daglis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 354
Release: 2004-09-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781402027482
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The 17 chapters of this book grew out of the tutorial lectures given by leading world-class experts at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop “Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure” - ESPRIT, which was held in Rhodes on March 25-29, 2004. All manuscripts were refereed and subsequently meticulously edited by the editor to ensure the highest quality for this monograph. I owe particular thanks to the lecturers of the ESPRIT Advanced Research Workshop for producing these excellent tutorial reviews, which convey the essential knowledge and the latest advances in our field. Due to the breadth, extensive literature citations and quality of the reviews we expect this publication to serve extremely well as a reference book. Multimedia material referring to individual chapters of the book is accessible on the accompanying CD. The aim of ESPRIT was to assess existing knowledge and identify future actions regarding monitoring, forecasting and mitigation of space weather induced malfunction and damage of vital technological systems operating in space and on the ground.

Extreme Events in Geospace

Extreme Events in Geospace
Author: Natalia Buzulukova
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 800
Release: 2017-12-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128127015
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Extreme Events in Geospace: Origins, Predictability, and Consequences helps deepen the understanding, description, and forecasting of the complex and inter-related phenomena of extreme space weather events. Composed of chapters written by representatives from many different institutions and fields of space research, the book offers discussions ranging from definitions and historical knowledge to operational issues and methods of analysis. Given that extremes in ionizing radiation, ionospheric irregularities, and geomagnetically induced currents may have the potential to disrupt our technologies or pose danger to human health, it is increasingly important to synthesize the information available on not only those consequences but also the origins and predictability of such events. Extreme Events in Geospace: Origins, Predictability, and Consequences is a valuable source for providing the latest research for geophysicists and space weather scientists, as well as industries impacted by space weather events, including GNSS satellites and radio communication, power grids, aviation, and human spaceflight. The list of first/second authors includes M. Hapgood, N. Gopalswamy, K.D. Leka, G. Barnes, Yu. Yermolaev, P. Riley, S. Sharma, G. Lakhina, B. Tsurutani, C. Ngwira, A. Pulkkinen, J. Love, P. Bedrosian, N. Buzulukova, M. Sitnov, W. Denig, M. Panasyuk, R. Hajra, D. Ferguson, S. Lai, L. Narici, K. Tobiska, G. Gapirov, A. Mannucci, T. Fuller-Rowell, X. Yue, G. Crowley, R. Redmon, V. Airapetian, D. Boteler, M. MacAlester, S. Worman, D. Neudegg, and M. Ishii. - Helps to define extremes in space weather and describes existing methods of analysis - Discusses current scientific understanding of these events and outlines future challenges - Considers the ways in which space weather may affect daily life - Demonstrates deep connections between astrophysics, heliophysics, and space weather applications, including a discussion of extreme space weather events from the past - Examines national and space policy issues concerning space weather in Australia, Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States

Advances in Swarm Intelligence

Advances in Swarm Intelligence
Author: Ying Tan
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 580
Release: 2021-07-07
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3030788113
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his two-volume set LNCS 12689-12690 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Advances in Swarm Intelligence, ICSI 2021, held in Qingdao, China, in July 2021. The 104 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 177 submissions. They cover topics such as: Swarm Intelligence and Nature-Inspired Computing; Swarm-based Computing Algorithms for Optimization; Particle Swarm Optimization; Ant Colony Optimization; Differential Evolution; Genetic Algorithm and Evolutionary Computation; Fireworks Algorithms; Brain Storm Optimization Algorithm; Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm; DNA Computing Methods; Multi-Objective Optimization; Swarm Robotics and Multi-Agent System; UAV Cooperation and Control; Machine Learning; Data Mining; and Other Applications.

Space Weather and Coronal Mass Ejections

Space Weather and Coronal Mass Ejections
Author: Tim Howard
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 119
Release: 2013-08-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1461479754
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Space weather has attracted a lot of attention in recent times. Severe space weather can disrupt spacecraft, and on Earth can be the cause of power outages and power station failure. It also presents a radiation hazard for airline passengers and astronauts. These “magnetic storms” are most commonly caused by coronal mass ejections, or CMES, which are large eruptions of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun that can reach speeds of several thousand km/s. In this SpringerBrief, Space Weather and Coronal Mass Ejections, author Timothy Howard briefly introduces the coronal mass ejection, its scientific importance, and its relevance to space weather at Earth and other planets. This title focuses on the latest advances in CME observation and modeling, including new results from the NASA STEREO and SDO missions. It also includes topical issues regarding space weather and the most recent observations and anecdotal examples of the impacts of space weather and CMEs.

Encyclopedia of the Solar System

Encyclopedia of the Solar System
Author: Lucy-Ann McFadden
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 987
Release: 2006-12-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080474985
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Long before Galileo published his discoveries about Jupiter, lunar craters, and the Milky Way in the Starry Messenger in 1610, people were fascinated with the planets and stars around them. That interest continues today, and scientists are making new discoveries at an astounding rate. Ancient lake beds on Mars, robotic spacecraft missions, and new definitions of planets now dominate the news. How can you take it all in? Start with the new Encyclopedia of the Solar System, Second Edition.This self-contained reference follows the trail blazed by the bestselling first edition. It provides a framework for understanding the origin and evolution of the solar system, historical discoveries, and details about planetary bodies and how they interact—and has jumped light years ahead in terms of new information and visual impact. Offering more than 50% new material, the Encyclopedia includes the latest explorations and observations, hundreds of new color digital images and illustrations, and more than 1,000 pages. It stands alone as the definitive work in this field, and will serve as a modern messenger of scientific discovery and provide a look into the future of our solar system.· Forty-seven chapters from 75+ eminent authors review fundamental topics as well as new models, theories, and discussions· Each entry is detailed and scientifically rigorous, yet accessible to undergraduate students and amateur astronomers· More than 700 full-color digital images and diagrams from current space missions and observatories amplify the chapters· Thematic chapters provide up-to-date coverage, including a discussion on the new International Astronomical Union (IAU) vote on the definition of a planet· Information is easily accessible with numerous cross-references and a full glossary and index