The translation is a summary of complex data on the earth's crust and upper mantle. In the examination of the data on the various regions of the terrestrial globe (characteristics of the gravity, magnetic, seismic, thermal and electric fields of the earth) and the comparison between them and the structure of the crust, the author reveals the specific features of the different geological structures and determines the diagnostic significance of the geophysical data. Much attention is given to the crustal structure of the oceanic areas. A description of the general characteristics of the relief and the physical properties of the upper mantle is given in the last section of the book, where the physical map of the upper mantle is given in the last section of the book, where the physical map of the upper mantle is presented. In conclusion, a review is given of the projects of ultradeep scientific boring in the Pacific ocean, territory of the USSR, Japan and Canada. (Author).