Human Exposure to Chlorinated Paraffins in Scandinavia

Human Exposure to Chlorinated Paraffins in Scandinavia
Author: Yuan, Bo
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Total Pages: 41
Release: 2023-04-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9289375310

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) have received global attention by the authorities as well as the industries using or producing CPs. In late 2017, a group of short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) and replacement CPs were found in both Norwegian and Swedish mothers’ milk and, later, in mothers’ milk from over 50 countries across the world. his project focused on a comprehensive understanding of body burden and multiple human exposure pathways to both legacy CPs and current-use CPs in a Norwegian cohort. The cohort provided a rare opportunity to explore human exposure to CPs compared to the other consumer chemical contaminants. Combining both internal and external information, it was studied how much and to what extent people are exposed to the chemicals via different pathways, and what the differences are between the legacy CPs and the current CPs in human exposure and accumulation.

Per and polyfluorinated substances in the Nordic Countries

Per and polyfluorinated substances in the Nordic Countries
Author: Stefan Posner
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Total Pages: 230
Release: 2013-06-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9289325623

This Tema Nord report presents a study based on open information and custom market research to review the most common perfluorinated substances (PFC) with less focus on PFOS and PFOA. The study includes three major parts:1) Identification of relevant per-and polyfluorinated substances and their use in various industrial sectors in the Nordic market by interviews with major players and database information; 2) Emissions to and occurence in the Nordic environment of the substances described in 1); 3) A summary of knowledge of the toxic effects on humans and the environment of substances prioritized in 2); There is a lack of physical chemical data, analystical reference substances, human and environmental occurrence and toxicology data, as well as market information regarding PFCs other than PFOA and PFOS and the current legislation cannot enforce disclosure of specific PFC substance information.

WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality

WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
Total Pages: 488
Release: 2010
Genre: House & Home
ISBN:

This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.

Hazardous substances in plastics

Hazardous substances in plastics
Author: Stenmarck, Åsa
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Total Pages: 121
Release: 2017-02-08
Genre:
ISBN: 9289348496

The aim of the project is to create knowledge on how plastics recycling can increase without increasing the risk of emitting hazardous substances to the environment.The first general conclusion is that to be able to increase recycling there are measures needed at different levels. The following areas are of interest: • Legislation: new legislation is not necessary, but harmonisation and clear guidance to the existing one is. • Market: to create a market safety on content is needed. • If substances added are less hazardous the recycled raw material would be “more safe” to use. • There should be higher attention put on the knowledge of the recyclers. • Traceability and content: Further work on labelling reaching the recycle part of the value chain needs to be developed. It is also needed to develop a systematic approach towards risk assessments linked to recycling.

Rates and Equilibria of Organic Reactions as Treated by Statistical, Thermodynamic, and Extrathermodynamic Methods

Rates and Equilibria of Organic Reactions as Treated by Statistical, Thermodynamic, and Extrathermodynamic Methods
Author: John E. Leffler
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Total Pages: 500
Release: 1989-01-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780486660684

Graduate-level text stresses extrathermodynamic approach to quantitative prediction and constructs a logical framework that encompasses and classifies all known extrathermodynamic relationships. Numerous figures and tables. Author and Subject Indexes.