How to Pay a Bribe

How to Pay a Bribe
Author: Alexandra Addison Wrage
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Total Pages: 106
Release: 2012-07-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781467972789

In this eminently readable collection, anti-corruption experts guide the reader through the dark world of international bribery schemes, from Washington, D.C. to Europe and Africa and across Asia. Following the authors' accounts of imaginative and varied schemes in which charitable contributions are tainted and fine art is used as a vehicle for passing bribes to greedy officials, this volume offers recommendations for the best practices companies can incorporate to avoid corruption as they interact with governments, intermediaries and each other in international markets.

How to Pay a Bribe

How to Pay a Bribe
Author: Alexandra Wrage
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 106
Release: 2016-02-13
Genre:
ISBN: 9781523735396

Revisit the furtive corporate backroom dealings of bribery and corruption in this third collection of works by investigative journalists, former prosecutors and bribery experts from around the world. Behind the newspaper headlines and government investigations, these are the true to life stories of what leads people down bribery's crooked path. Explore the unscrupulous lengths to which some will go in order to win business, from setting up shady offshore front companies in the Caribbean to bogus charities in Eurasia. Whether you are a seasoned compliance expert or new to the field, each chapter in this collection offers practical advice while remaining an immensely engaging read.

Bribery and Corruption in Weak Institutional Environments

Bribery and Corruption in Weak Institutional Environments
Author: Shaomin Li
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 273
Release: 2019-05-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1108492894

Drawing on global empirical evidence, Li offers a novel explanation to the age-old puzzle of why some countries thrive despite corruption.

Paying Bribes for Public Services

Paying Bribes for Public Services
Author: R. Rose
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 178
Release: 2015-02-10
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1137509678

This book documents what happens when people encounter public officials. It draws on multi-national Barometer surveys asking questions about corruption and bribery in 119 countries. Clear prose, tables and figures report the answers given by more than 250,000 people and the conclusion sets out six principles for reducing bribery.

Who Must Pay Bribes and How Much? Evidence from a Cross-Section of Firms

Who Must Pay Bribes and How Much? Evidence from a Cross-Section of Firms
Author: Jakob Svensson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 43
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:

Ugandan firms typically have to pay bribes when dealing with public officials whose actions directly affect the firms' business operations. How much? The more a firm can pay, the more it has to pay.Svensson exploits a unique data set on corruption containing information about estimated bribe payments by Ugandan firms. To guide the empirical analysis he develops a simple rent-extortion model, which yields predictions on both the incidence of bribery and the amount paid. Both predictions are consistent with the data.Firms typically have to pay bribes when dealing with public officials whose actions directly affect the firms' business operations. And the amount paid in bribes is not a fixed sum for a set of public services but depends on the firm's ability to pay.Controlling for other potential explanations of the relationship between ability to pay and equilibrium graft, Svensson shows that the more a firm can pay, the more it has to pay.This paper - a product of Macroeconomics and Growth, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study the causes and consequences of corruption. The author may be contacted at [email protected].

Corrupt Cities

Corrupt Cities
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 180
Release: 2000
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780821346006

Much of the devastation caused by the recent earthquake in Turkey was the result of widespread corruption between the construction industry and government officials. Corruption is part of everyday public life and we tend to take it for granted. However, preventing corruption helps to raise city revenues, improve service delivery, stimulate public confidence and participation, and win elections. This book is designed to help citizens and public officials diagnose, investigate and prevent various kinds of corrupt and illicit behaviour. It focuses on systematic corruption rather than the free-lance activity of a few law-breakers, and emphasises practical preventive measures rather than purely punitive or moralistic campaigns.

Bribery and Extortion

Bribery and Extortion
Author: Alexandra Addison Wrage
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Total Pages: 177
Release: 2007-09-30
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0275996506

Bribery plays a significant role in international criminal activity. Terrorists pay bribes. Money-launderers pay bribes. Those who traffic in people, narcotics, and illegal arms pay bribes. People pay immigration officers not to ask, customs officials not to inspect, and police officers not to investigate. Bribes follow patterns that are not at all mysterious to the officials, salesmen, and citizens who seek them and pay them. Using a series of international cases, Wrage examines bribery, peeling back the mystique and ambiguity and exposing the very simple transactions that lie beneath. She shows how these seemingly everyday transactions can affect security, democratization, and human aid. Examples from around the world help to illustrate the nature of the problem and efforts at combating it. Bribery plays a significant role in international criminal activity. Terrorists pay bribes. Money-launderers pay bribes. Those who traffic in people, narcotics, and illegal arms pay bribes. People pay immigration officers not to ask, customs officials not to inspect, and police officers not to investigate. At corporate headquarters in the United States, it can be easy to dismiss modest bribes in distant countries as an unfortunate cost of doing business. Bribes follow patterns that are not at all mysterious to the officials, salesmen, and citizens who seek them and pay them. Using a series of international cases, Wrage examines bribery, peeling back the mystique and ambiguity and exposing the very simple transactions that lie beneath. She shows how these seemingly everyday transactions can affect security, democratization, and human aid around the globe. Bribery and Extortion presents a clear picture of the world of bribery and the havoc it can wreak on whole populations. Wrage covers commercial bribery, administrative and service-based bribery, and extortion. She considers bribery and extortion at both high levels of government and lower levels on the street. Examples from around the world help to illustrate the nature of the problem and efforts at combating it. The book concludes with practical suggestions and an assessment of current efforts to stem the tide of bribery and restore transparency to everyday transactions in all realms.

The Paradox of the Good Bribe

The Paradox of the Good Bribe
Author: David J O'Regan
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
Total Pages: 170
Release: 2020-07-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1627343008

What do Plato and the Bible tell us about bribery? Does it even matter? When it comes to ethical guidance on bribery should we look less to traditional wisdom and instead be seeking understanding and guidance primarily from modern sources? From economists with their talk of efficient markets, and from the critical theorists who focus on inequities in power relations? This book explores such questions in depth. Taking the form of a Platonic dialogue, the book contains a discussion of claims made for recognition of the positive aspects of bribery. This goes beyond the well-known "harmless" bribe - the facilitating or “grease” payment which encourages an official to speed up the performance of his or her existing duties, without additional favors. This type of baksheesh may be unattractive but it may be ethically acceptable on occasion, on the grounds of expediency. The discussion also covers the more controversial claim that some bribes are undeniably virtuous, owing to their positive consequences. An example of virtuous bribery is that made by Oskar Schindler to save lives in the Second World War. The book’s unique discussion format provides space for the comparison and differentiation of a plurality of ethical perspectives, and it reveals some surprising common ground between ostensibly irreconcilable ethical viewpoints. If a convincing case could be made for the acceptability of certain categories of bribery, the implications for public and institutional anti-bribery policies would be significant. In particular, the rationale for “zero tolerance” approaches might be threatened. Perhaps the ultimate public policy question raised in the text is how we might accommodate a fringe of virtuous and harmless bribery alongside a strict vigilance over the damaging effects of most bribes. By exploring this topic, this book will be of interest to public policy makers, anti-corruption professionals, and the general reader interested in counter-corruption practices.

When is a Bribe a Bribe? Teaching a Workable Definition of Bribery

When is a Bribe a Bribe? Teaching a Workable Definition of Bribery
Author: James, Jr. (Harvey S.)
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2003
Genre:
ISBN:

In this paper I present an approach to teaching about and defining bribery that starts with the presumption that a payment, once defined as a "bribe," is prima facie unethical. That is, I make no distinction between "good bribes" and "bad bribes." In short, bribery cannot be justified. In this context, how could you determine precisely when a particular payment constitutes a bribe and when it does not? I present a framework for defining bribery in such a way that it (1) retains the presumption that bribery is unethical, (2) reflects our intuitive understanding of bribery, and (3) is flexible enough to effectively discriminate between bribe and non-bribe payments. This definition is based on the principal-agent relationship in that bribes are payments to agents to induce them to act against the interests of their principals. I begin the paper by describing a classroom exercise designed to force students to think about what a good definition of bribery ought to be. First, I give students a sheet of paper describing 11 brief scenarios in which a payment is to be made from one person to another. These scenarios are reproduced in the paper. Second, I ask them to identify which scenarios constitute the payment of a bribe, according to their understanding of bribery. Third, I challenge students to formulate a general definition of bribery that justifies their assessments of the specific cases they have identified as bribery. That is, they must develop one definition of bribery to account for each of the cases of bribery they identified. Fourth, I invite students to offer to the class whether or not a particular scenario is an example of bribery, what their definition of bribery is, and why their definition supports their conclusions. Finally, I apply their definitions to other scenarios to determine whether the definitions force the students to agree with their original assessments of what cases involved bribery. Examples of definitions typically offered are provided, along with my responses as to why they are inferior. I then offer a definition of bribery based on the principal-agent framework. A principal-agent relationship exists when a principal delegates some task or assignment to an agent, who is then made responsible for acting in the principal's interest. The important idea here is that the agent, by agreeing to enter into a principal-agent relationship, accepts the obligation to act in the interest of the principal. The concept of a principal-agent relationship provides a straightforward means of defining bribery. A bribe is a payment, made by a third party to an agent of a principal, in which the agent explicitly or implicitly agrees to take an action that is contrary to his duty as an agent of the principal and is thus not in the interest of the principal. A bribe cannot be, by definition, a payment made to a principal (although a payment made to a principal may be unethical for other reasons); only agents can be bribed, not principals. Effectively, this means that in assessing whether business payments are bribes, one should determine whether the person receiving the payment is an agent of a principal, and if the payment is going to be retained by the agent.

Bribery and Corruption Casebook

Bribery and Corruption Casebook
Author: Joseph T. Wells
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2012-05-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1118248783

Real case studies on bribery and corruption written by expert fraud examiners Bribery and Corruption Casebook: The View from Under the Table is a one-of-a-kind collection of actual cases written by the fraud examiners who investigated them. These stories were hand-selected from hundreds of submissions and together form a comprehensive, enlightening and entertaining picture of the many types of bribery and corruption cases in varied industries throughout the world. Each case outlines how the bribe or corruption was engineered, how it was investigated, and how perpetrators were brought to justice Written for fraud investigators, auditors, compliance officers, and corporate lawyers Reflects the recent crackdown on bribery and prosecution of cases under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) Also by Dr. Joseph T. Wells: Fraud Casebook, Principles of Fraud Examination, and Computer Fraud Casebook This book reveals the dangers of bribery and corruption and the measures that can be taken to prevent it from happening in the first place.