Words are the currency of culture. They endow us with self-awareness, they make us laugh, they make us cry, they enable us to establish our values, and they even distinguish art from science. They enable us to distinguish the past from the future Language permeates all the crevices of our social life, and yet we take so much about it for granted. This book takes a new look at the way we use language, and how it impinges on every aspect of life by looking more at some common aspects of the readers' experience, avoiding where possible the more traditional academic approaches. Man is one of the most recent species to arrive on earth, but in our fairly brief history there have already been two really significant points of change, and they can both be associated to language. The first, when it arrived, and subsequently diversified into thousands of different dialects; there are still about 6,500 active languages on earth. Secondly when, only 400 years ago, we began to use language in a new way, and science was born. Incredibly every human child learns, with comparative ease, to learn any one (sometimes more) of these languages in an amazingly small window of early childhood. Modern human culture began about 4 -500 years ago in Western Europe, and despite it being clearly an outcome of the Scientific Revolution, seldom is the question posed about what triggered this to suddenly occur, when all richness and variety of the great early civilisations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece and Rome had faded. Science began to use language in a new way, and this set in motion a chain of events that, today, makes even understanding the life style of one's own grandchildren difficult. This rate of change must, by its nature, be exponential, so questions of its ultimate sustainability inevitably arise. The dinosaurs lived on earth for over 100 M years and left it much the same as it was when they arrived. That will never be said about us. Interestingly, human intellectual life is now seen to be divided into two quite distinct activities; broadly what have become known as 'art' and 'science'. There is much evidence showing how they still ppear to be in quite aggressive antagonism. The Two Culture concept proposed by C.P. Snow about 50 years ago is still valid, and there are questions he raised that still remain unresolved, as frequent published work clearly shows. The ultimate questions that we have to pose are concerned with the a tool for augmenting our ability to think that language provides; the modern electronic computer, at the centre of what has become known as 'artificial intelligence'. Clearly, science is now defining the boundaries of our culture, but in so doing it brings an element of complexity that largely remains hidden, until some system stops working properly. Global communication can be applied in anti-social ways, politically and economically, and life destroying tragedies can occur if excessive trust is assumed. How can human wisdom and caution be embedded into a machine, if we, ourselves are not infallible?