How Communication Impacts Network Structure And Access To Community Social Capital
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| Author | : Laura Duffy Crank |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : Communication |
| ISBN | : |
This dissertation utilizes an interactional community perspective that focuses upon the networks of common experience within a place (Colclough and Sitaraman 2005). Little empirical research exists about how information and communication (ICT) affects the network structure and social capital in rural communities. Lin's Theory of Social Capital is adapted to theorize how social structure elements of rural networks affect certain network characteristics and access to social resources. Community leaders from ten rural communities were surveyed about their communication during a recent project. Social network analysis (SNA) techniques were utilized to analyze network structure. Results indicate that rural networks with greater and more diverse social structure elements possess more "information leaders" (greater indegree centrality). Networks with more "information leaders" have greater "social bridges" and "weak ties" for instrumental action. Networks that utilized ICTs more frequently have more network components and ICTs do not affect the building of community social capital.
| Author | : Andrew P. Herman |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
In 1988, James Coleman popularized the theory of social capital within the sociological community. Scholars have since applied the concept in numerous contexts, including business and education settings, rural and urban communities, and religious and political movements. In the process, researchers have focused on a number of key socio-structural variables as important sources of social capital, such as trust, norms, beliefs, social rules and structural networks. This study argues that the theory of social capital can be improved and refined by understanding the influence of relational communication on the development and maintenance of individual networks of useful relationships. This research examined the effect of five interpersonal resources on people's social capital in two networks of urban community organizations. The resources of interpersonal trust, social support, similarity-attraction, power, and self-disclosure were measured in the context of the participants' relational communication with their technology partners. The study utilized a mixed-methods approach that began with in-depth interviews of key network members and was followed by a detailed quantitative questionnaire administered to the participants in each network. Onsite observations and formal written reports created by network leaders supplemented the earlier data. The data revealed that there is a conceptual link between the traditional socio-structural resources of social capital and the proposed interpersonal resources. Specifically, results indicated that the resources of self-disclosure and social support were helpful for task-oriented goals, while the other interpersonal resources helped participants meet their relational goals. The data also revealed that the formal role of each network leader had a strong influence on the participants' use of their interpersonal resources. Further research is needed to clarify the link between the interpersonal and socio-structural resources of social capital.
| Author | : Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 313 |
| Release | : 2014-08-08 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 9401790884 |
The second volume in the collected works of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi covers about thirty years of Csikszentmihalyi‘s work on three main and interconnected areas of study: attention, flow and positive psychology. Describing attention as psychic energy and in the footsteps of William James, Csikszentmihalyi explores the allocation of attention, the when and where and the amount of attention humans pay to tasks and the role of attention in creating ‘experiences’, or ordered patterns of information. Taking into account information processing theories and attempts at quantifying people’s investment, the chapters deal with such topics as time budgets and the development and use of the Experience Sampling Method of collecting data on attention in everyday life. Following the chapters on attention and reflecting Csikszentmihalyi’s branching out into sociology and anthropology, there are chapters on the topic of adult play and leisure and connected to that, on flow, a concept formulated and developed by Csikszentmihalyi. Flow has become a popular concept in business and management around the world and research on the concept continues to flourish. Finally, this volume contains articles that stem from Csikszentmihalyi’s connection with Martin Seligman; they deal with concepts and theories, as well as with the development and short history, of the field and the “movement” of positive psychology.
| Author | : Jennifer Lee Schultz |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 352 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
A considerable body of research shows that network structure can either assist or hinder one's access to social capital. Though the effects of particular structural arrangements of relationships are well known, there is comparatively little research on how a person might come to have one structural arrangement of ties over another. This study asks: What structures network structure? What cultural templates guide persons in their practice of friendship and in managing, maintaining, and adapting their personal communities over time? What contextual factors influence the duration and intensity of social relationships? Respondents were asked to make a list of "people who are important to you" and to describe the relationships individually while labeling each person on a social map. Interviews were coded using content analysis software in order to assess emergent cultural themes and the settings from which social relationships were drawn. Interview data confirmed respondents' use of cultural templates in the practice of friendship, which may affect one's ability to acquire and/or lose social capital. Interview data demonstrated how material resources may impact the vigor with which persons engage with social settings. Finally, some respondents reported important voluntary relationships that are at once high-commitment and low-contact. Frequently this type of tie arose when a relationship had outlived its original social context. This finding challenges the idea that contact and commitment usually go together in voluntary relationships.
| Author | : Ichiro Kawachi |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 295 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0387713107 |
As interest in social capital has grown over the past decade—particularly in public health —so has the lack of consensus on exactly what it is and what makes it worth studying. Ichiro Kawachi, a widely respected leader in the field, and 21 contributors (including physicians, economists, and public health experts) discuss the theoretical origins of social capital, the strengths and limitations of current methodologies of measuring it, and salient examples of social capital concepts informing public health practice. Among the highlights: Measurement methods: survey, sociometric, ethnographic, experimental The relationship between social capital and physical health and health behaviors: smoking, substance abuse, physical activity, sexual activity Social capital and mental health: early findings Social capital and the aging community Social capital and disaster preparedness Social Capital and Health is certain to inspire a new generation of research on this topic, and will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in public health, health behavior, and social epidemiology.
| Author | : Ann Dale |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The research reported here explores a community that amassed social capital in effective and diverse ways, enabling it to fight a corporate giant and protect critical, large watersheds. We explore how the dynamic interaction between network formation and network structure augmented community social capital, particularly bridging, for increased access to human and economic capital. Network structure(s) can create enabling conditions for the mobilization of social capital within communities and for people to feel empowered to act. The research suggests that there is an opportunity for policy-makers to learn what kinds of policies can enhance or destroy existing social capital in a community.
| Author | : Phillip H. Kim |
| Publisher | : Now Publishers Inc |
| Total Pages | : 68 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9781933019109 |
Social Capital and Entrepreneurship concludes by examining the tension between the properties of social networks used in entrepreneurship researchers' models and the limited perspective on networks available to practicing entrepreneurs.
| Author | : Lisa F. Berkman |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 428 |
| Release | : 2000-03-09 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780195083316 |
This book shows the important links between social conditions and health and begins to describe the processes through which these health inequalities may be generated. It reviews a range of methodologies that could be used by health researchers in this field and proposes innovative future research directions.
| Author | : S. Shyam Sundar |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 613 |
| Release | : 2015-03-16 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1118413369 |
The Handbook of the Psychology of Communication Technology offers an unparalleled source for seminal and cutting-edge research on the psychological aspects of communicating with and via emergent media technologies, with leading scholars providing insights that advance our knowledge on human-technology interactions. • A uniquely focused review of extensive research on technology and digital media from a psychological perspective • Authoritative chapters by leading scholars studying psychological aspects of communication technologies • Covers all forms of media from Smartphones to Robotics, from Social Media to Virtual Reality • Explores the psychology behind our use and abuse of modern communication technologies • New theories and empirical findings about ways in which our lives are transformed by digital media
| Author | : James E. Katz |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 494 |
| Release | : 2002-08-30 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9780262263351 |
A study of the impact of Internet use on American society, based on a series of nationally representative surveys conducted from 1995 to 2000. Drawing on nationally representative telephone surveys conducted from 1995 to 2000, James Katz and Ronald Rice offer a rich and nuanced picture of Internet use in America. Using quantitative data, as well as case studies of Web sites, they explore the impact of the Internet on society from three perspectives: access to Internet technology (the digital divide), involvement with groups and communities through the Internet (social capital), and use of the Internet for social interaction and expression (identity). To provide a more comprehensive account of Internet use, the authors draw comparisons across media and include Internet nonusers and former users in their research. The authors call their research the Syntopia Project to convey the Internet's role as one among a host of communication technologies as well as the synergy between people's online activities and their real-world lives. Their major finding is that Americans use the Internet as an extension and enhancement of their daily routines. Contrary to media sensationalism, the Internet is neither a utopia, liberating people to form a global egalitarian community, nor a dystopia-producing armies of disembodied, lonely individuals. Like any form of communication, it is as helpful or harmful as those who use it.
