Highways and Hierarchies

Highways and Hierarchies
Author: Luke Heslop
Publisher: New Mobilities in Asia
Total Pages: 248
Release: 2021-08-03
Genre:
ISBN: 9789463723046

This edited collection explores the contemporary proliferation of roads in South Asia and the Tibet-Himalaya region, showing how new infrastructures simultaneously create fresh connections and reinforce existing inequalities. Bringing together ethnographic studies on the social politics of road development and new mobilities in 21st-century Asia, it demonstrates that while new roads generate new forms of hierarchy, older forms of hierarchy are remade and re-established in creative and surprising new ways. Focused on South Asia but speaking to more global phenomena, the chapters collectively reveal how road planning, construction and usage routinely yield a simultaneous reinforcement and disruption of social, political, and economic relations.

Highways, Byways, and Road Systems in the Pre-Modern World

Highways, Byways, and Road Systems in the Pre-Modern World
Author: Susan E. Alcock
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 313
Release: 2012-03-20
Genre: Literary Criticism
ISBN: 1118244303

Highways, Byways, and Road Systems in the Pre-Modern World reveals the significance and interconnectedness of early civilizations’ pathways. This international collection of readings providing a description and comparative analysis of several sophisticated systems of transport and communication across pre-modern cultures. Offers a comparative analysis of several sophisticated systems of overland transport and communication networks across pre-modern cultures Addresses the burgeoning interest in connectivity and globalization in ancient history, archaeology, anthropology, and recent work in network analysis Explores the societal, cultural, and religious implications of various transportation networks around the globe Includes contributions from an international team of scholars with expertise on pre-modern India, China, Japan, the Americas, North Africa, Europe, and the Near East Structured to encourage comparative thinking across case studies

Streets and Patterns

Streets and Patterns
Author: Stephen Marshall
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 442
Release: 2004-08-02
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 113437075X

There is an emerging consensus that urban street layouts should be planned with greater attention to ‘placemaking’ and urban design quality, while maintaining the conventional transport functions of accessibility and connectivity. However, it is not always clear how this might be achieved: we still tend to have different sets of guidance for main road networks and for local streetgrids. What is needed is a framework that addresses both of these, plus main streets – that don’t easily fit either set of guidance – in an integrative manner. Streets and Patterns takes up this challenge to create a coherent rationale to underpin today’s streets-oriented urban design agenda. Informed by recent research, the book looks behind existing design conventions and beyond immediate policy rhetoric, and analyses a range of first principles – from Le Corbusier and Colin Buchanan to New Urbanism. The book provides a new framework for the design and planning of urban layouts, integrating transport issues such as road hierarchy, arterial streets and multi-modal networks with urban design and planning issues such as street type, grid type, mixed-use blocks and urban design coding.

Optimization Algorithms

Optimization Algorithms
Author: Alaa Khamis
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 1118
Release: 2024-11-05
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1638355630

Solve design, planning, and control problems using modern AI techniques. Optimization problems are everywhere in daily life. What’s the fastest route from one place to another? How do you calculate the optimal price for a product? How should you plant crops, allocate resources, and schedule surgeries? Optimization Algorithms introduces the AI algorithms that can solve these complex and poorly-structured problems. In Optimization Algorithms: AI techniques for design, planning, and control problems you will learn: • The core concepts of search and optimization • Deterministic and stochastic optimization techniques • Graph search algorithms • Trajectory-based optimization algorithms • Evolutionary computing algorithms • Swarm intelligence algorithms • Machine learning methods for search and optimization problems • Efficient trade-offs between search space exploration and exploitation • State-of-the-art Python libraries for search and optimization Inside this comprehensive guide, you’ll find a wide range of optimization methods, from deterministic search algorithms to stochastic derivative-free metaheuristic algorithms and machine learning methods. Don’t worry—there’s no complex mathematical notation. You’ll learn through in-depth case studies that cut through academic complexity to demonstrate how each algorithm works in the real world. Plus, get hands-on experience with practical exercises to optimize and scale the performance of each algorithm. About the technology Every time you call for a rideshare, order food delivery, book a flight, or schedule a hospital appointment, an algorithm works behind the scenes to find the optimal result. Blending modern AI methods with classical search and optimization techniques can deliver incredible results, especially for the messy problems you encounter in the real world. This book shows you how. About the book Optimization Algorithms explains in clear language how optimization algorithms work and what you can do with them. This engaging book goes beyond toy examples, presenting detailed scenarios that use actual industry data and cutting-edge AI techniques. You will learn how to apply modern optimization algorithms to real-world problems like pricing products, matching supply with demand, balancing assembly lines, tuning parameters, coordinating mobile networks, and cracking smart mobility challenges. What's inside • Graph search algorithms • Metaheuristic algorithms • Machine learning methods • State-of-the-art Python libraries for optimization • Efficient trade-offs between search space exploration and exploitation About the reader Requires intermediate Python and machine learning skills. About the author Dr. Alaa Khamis is an AI and smart mobility technical leader at General Motors and a lecturer at the University of Toronto. The technical editor on this book was Frances Buontempo. Table of Contents PART 1 1 Introduction to search and optimization 2 A deeper look at search and optimization 3 Blind search algorithms 4 Informed search algorithms PART 2 5 Simulated annealing 6 Tabu search PART 3 7 Genetic algorithms 8 Genetic algorithm variants PART 4 9 Particle swarm optimization 10 Other swarm intelligence algorithms to explore PART 5 11 Supervised and unsupervised learning 12 Reinforcement learning Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C

Demystifying Artificial Intelligence

Demystifying Artificial Intelligence
Author: Emmanuel Gillain
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 476
Release: 2024-08-19
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3111426149

This book is intended for business professionals that want to understand the fundamental concepts of Artificial Intelligence, their applications and limitations. Built as a collaborative effort between academia and the industry, this book bridges the gap between theory and business application, demystifying AI through fundamental concepts and industry examples. The reader will find here an overview of the different AI techniques to search, plan, reason, learn, adapt, understand and interact. The book covers the two traditional paradigms in AI: the statistical and data-driven AI systems, which learn and perform by ingesting millions of data points into machine learning algorithms, and the consciously modelled AI systems, known as symbolic AI systems, which use explicit symbols to represent the world and make conclusions. Rather than opposing those two paradigms, the book will also show how those different fields can complement each other. All royalties go to a charity. "Demystifying AI reveals its true power: not as a mysterious force, but as a tool for human progress, accessible to all who seek to understand it." Dr. Barak Chizi, Chief Data & Analytics Officer, KBC Group

The Shortest-Path Problem

The Shortest-Path Problem
Author: Hector Ortega-Arranz
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 71
Release: 2022-05-31
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 3031025741

Many applications in different domains need to calculate the shortest-path between two points in a graph. In this paper we describe this shortest path problem in detail, starting with the classic Dijkstra's algorithm and moving to more advanced solutions that are currently applied to road network routing, including the use of heuristics and precomputation techniques. Since several of these improvements involve subtle changes to the search space, it may be difficult to appreciate their benefits in terms of time or space requirements. To make methods more comprehensive and to facilitate their comparison, this book presents a single case study that serves as a common benchmark. The paper also compares the search spaces explored by the methods described, both from a quantitative and qualitative point of view, and including an analysis of the number of reached and settled nodes by different methods for a particular topology. Table of Contents: List of Figures / List of Tables / Acknowledgments / Introduction / Graph Theory Basics / Classical Algorithms / Hierarchical Preprocessing-Dependent Approaches / Non-Hierarchical Preprocessing-Dependent Approaches / Analysis and Comparison of Approaches / Conclusions / Bibliography / Authors' Biographies

International Conference on Intelligent Emerging Methods of Artificial Intelligence & Cloud Computing

International Conference on Intelligent Emerging Methods of Artificial Intelligence & Cloud Computing
Author: Fausto Pedro García Márquez
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 582
Release: 2022-05-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030929051

This book consists of different accepted papers of the conference. Firstly, the artificial intelligence and its application-related topics are provided. Secondly, cloud computing and related topics are also provided. The book has been designed to help research organisations and business leaders from across industries to transform their organisations into AI-driven disruptors. The utility of the technology in the face of massive globally interconnected complexity is explored. The significant characteristics of IEMAICLOUD are the promotion of inevitable dialogue between scientists, researchers, engineers, corporate’s and scholar’s students to mitigate the gap between academia, industry and governmental ethics which has been fostered through keynote speeches, workshops, panel discussion and oral presentations by eminent researchers in relevant field. The industry personnel depict cutting-edge researches in artificial intelligence and cloud computing to convey academia regarding real-time scenario and practical findings. Conference has been well equipped with talks by industry experts on the state of the art in computer science, lectures by eminent scientists designed to inspire and inform presentations by innovative researchers coming from 20+ countries from Europe and abroad. There has been discussion-oriented sessions and networking breaks to enable collaborations. Papers consist abstract, result, discussions and conclusions by the help of different tables and diagrams.

Sustainable Built Environment - Volume I

Sustainable Built Environment - Volume I
Author: Fariborz Haghighat
Publisher: EOLSS Publications
Total Pages: 490
Release: 2009-11-10
Genre:
ISBN: 1848260601

Sustainable Built Environment is a component of Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Environmental conservation and technological innovation are two principal forces that drive the building industry toward the future. Technological innovation offers many opportunities to make buildings more dynamic and comfortable, and occupants more comfortable and productive. The necessity of environmental conservation, on the other hand, compels all types of developments and human activities to be environmentally responsive. The content of the Theme on Sustainable Built Environment is organized with state-of-the-art presentations covering several topics: Urban Design ; Emerging Issues in Building Design; Environment, Energy and Health in Housing Design; Culture, Management Strategies, and Policy Issues in the Sustainable Built Environment; Using Technology to Improve the Quality of City Life; Urban and Regional Transportation, which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.

Road Engineering for Development

Road Engineering for Development
Author: Richard Robinson
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 539
Release: 2018-10-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1482288206

Developing countries in the tropics have different natural conditions and different institutional and financial situations to industrialized countries. However, most textbooks on highway engineering are based on experience from industrialized countries with temperate climates, and deal only with specific problems. Road Engineering for Development (published as Highway and Traffic Engineering in Developing Countries in its first edition) provides a comprehensive description of the planning, design, construction and maintenance of roads in developing countries. It covers a wide range of technical and non-technical problems that may confront road engineers working in this area. The technical content of the book has been fully updated and current development issues are focused on. Designed as a fundamental text for civil engineering students this book also offers a broad, practical view of the subject for practising engineers. It has been written with the assistance of a number of world-renowned specialist professional engineers with many years experience in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Central America.