Highlights in the History of Concrete
Author | : Christopher C. Stanley |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 44 |
Release | : 1979 |
Genre | : Concrete |
ISBN | : 9780721011561 |
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Author | : Christopher C. Stanley |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 44 |
Release | : 1979 |
Genre | : Concrete |
ISBN | : 9780721011561 |
Author | : Per Jahren |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 403 |
Release | : 2017-11-29 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9813145757 |
Post-war Europe and Asia have seen the rapid development of German and Japan from a war torn countries into two of the most powerful nations in the world. Their achievement is nothing short of miraculous. However, as the two most populated countries; China and India, transform themselves into Asia powerhouses, cement and concrete will be their brick and mortar to sustain their double digit growth in economy.This book summarizes the history and development of cement and concrete. From prehistoric period to today, from ancient Egypt and Rome period to China, over tens of thousands of years of human civilization in the form of the gelled material (cement, concrete).The book is divided into seven chapters, including more than 300 references. Chapter 1 introduces the prehistoric gelled material development; Chapter 2 is about the birth of Portland cement and the technological application; Chapter 3 introduces the important role that concrete played in the human society developing process; Chapter 4 subdivides the performance and the wide application of different function of cement and concrete; Chapter 5 focuses on northern Europe, especially the history of Norwegian cement; Chapter 6 elaborates the development of concrete in China and its impact in the world's ancient civilizations history; Chapter 7 describes the development prospect of cement and concrete.
Author | : C.J. Brandon |
Publisher | : Oxbow Books |
Total Pages | : 352 |
Release | : 2014-08-29 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 1782974237 |
One marker of the majesty of ancient Rome is its surviving architectural legacy, the stunning remains of which are scattered throughout the circum-Mediterranean landscape. Surprisingly, one truly remarkable aspect of this heritage remains relatively unknown. There exists beneath the waters of the Mediterranean the physical remnants of a vast maritime infrastructure that sustained and connected the western world’s first global empire and economy. The key to this incredible accomplishment and to the survival of structures in the hostile environment of the sea for two thousand years was maritime concrete, a building material invented and then employed by Roman builders on a grand scale to construct harbor installations anywhere they were needed, rather than only in locations with advantageous geography or topography. This book explains how the Romans built so successfully in the sea with their new invention. The story is a stimulating mix of archaeological, geological, historical and chemical research, with relevance to both ancient and modern technology. It also breaks new ground in bridging the gap between science and the humanities by integrating analytical materials science, history, and archaeology, along with underwater exploration. The book will be of interest to anyone interested in Roman architecture and engineering, and it will hold special interest for geologists and mineralogists studying the material characteristics of pyroclastic volcanic rocks and their alteration in seawater brines. The demonstrable durability and longevity of Roman maritime concrete structures may be of special interest to engineers working on cementing materials appropriate for the long-term storage of hazardous substances such as radioactive waste. A pioneering methodology was used to bore into maritime structures both on land and in the sea to collect concrete cores for testing in the research laboratories of the CTG Italcementi Group, a leading cement producer in Italy, the University of Berkeley, and elsewhere. The resulting mechanical, chemical and physical analysis of 36 concrete samples taken from 11 sites in Italy and the eastern Mediterranean have helped fill many gaps in our knowledge of how the Romans built in the sea. To gain even more knowledge of the ancient maritime technology, the directors of the Roman Maritime Concrete Study (ROMACONS) engaged in an ambitious and unique experimental archaeological project – the construction underwater of a reproduction of a Roman concrete pier or pila. The same raw materials and tools available to the ancient builders were employed to produce a reproduction concrete structure that appears to be remarkably similar to the ancient one studied during ROMACON’s fieldwork between 2002-2009. This volume reveals a remarkable and unique archaeological project that highlights the synergy that now exists between the humanities and science in our continuing efforts to understand the past. It will quickly become a standard research tool for all interested in Roman building both in the sea and on land, and in the history and chemistry of marine concrete. The authors also hope that the data and observations it presents will stimulate further research by scholars and students into related topics, since we have so much more to learn in the years ahead.
Author | : Robert Courland |
Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
Total Pages | : 425 |
Release | : 2022-06-21 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 163388869X |
Concrete: We use it for our buildings, bridges, dams, and roads. We walk on it, drive on it, and many of us live and work within its walls. But very few of us know what it is. We take for granted this ubiquitous substance, which both literally and figuratively comprises much of modern civilization's constructed environment; yet the story of its creation and development features a cast of fascinating characters and remarkable historical episodes. Featuring a new epilogue on the Surfside condominium collapse and the current state of infrastructure in America, this book delves into this history, opening readers' eyes at every turn. In a lively narrative peppered with intriguing details, author Robert Courland describes how some of the most famous personalities of history became involved in the development and use of concrete-including King Herod the Great of Judea, the Roman emperor Hadrian, Thomas Edison (who once owned the largest concrete cement plant in the world), and architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Courland points to recent archaeological evidence suggesting that the discovery of concrete directly led to the Neolithic Revolution and the rise of the earliest civilizations. Much later, the Romans reached extraordinarily high standards for concrete production, showcasing their achievement in iconic buildings like the Coliseum and the Pantheon. Amazingly, with the fall of the Roman Empire, the secrets of concrete manufacturing were lost for over a millennium. The author explains that when concrete was rediscovered in the late eighteenth century it was initially viewed as an interesting novelty or, at best, a specialized building material suitable only for a narrow range of applications. It was only toward the end of the nineteenth century that the use of concrete exploded. During this rapid expansion, industry lobbyists tried to disguise the fact that modern concrete had certain defects and critical shortcomings. It is now recognized that modern concrete, unlike its Roman predecessor, gradually disintegrates with age. Compounding this problem is another distressing fact: the manufacture of concrete cement is a major contributor to global warming. Concrete Planet is filled with incredible stories, fascinating characters, surprising facts, and an array of intriguing insights into the building material that forms the basis of the infrastructure on which we depend.
Author | : James Sutherland |
Publisher | : Thomas Telford |
Total Pages | : 462 |
Release | : |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9780727728753 |
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 37 |
Release | : 1999 |
Genre | : Composite materials |
ISBN | : 9780721015477 |
Author | : G. M. Idorn |
Publisher | : Thomas Telford |
Total Pages | : 384 |
Release | : 1997 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9780727726315 |
Concrete progress deals with the technology that made concrete the most widely used building material in the world in the course of the past hundred years, and the most indispensable for the global socio-economic development in the new millennium. It offers an insight into many people's dedicated, exploratory concrete research, and into strategic planning and management of research and its transfer to engineering practice. This book is introduced by retrospectively highlighting the international history of concrete technology and uses.
Author | : ACI Committee 120, History of Concrete |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 122 |
Release | : 1982 |
Genre | : Cement |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Susan Macdonald |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 330 |
Release | : 2008-04-15 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1405147539 |
This book deals with the diagnosis, prognosis and repair issues associated with concrete buildings. Since the patenting and subsequent large-scale manufacture of modern cement, in the nineteenth century, concrete has become one of the most widely used construction materials in the world. Those concerned with building pathology now need to understand problems specifically related to concrete and to identify appropriate methods of repair and remediation. This book brings together experts in the history, defect diagnosis, remediation and maintenance of concrete. It includes case studies from around the world to illustrate the various repair methods available. It will provide an invaluable guide for architects, building surveyors, structural engineers and specialist contractors as well as students of building pathology and conservation.