High Spatial Resolution Soft X Ray Microscopy
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| Author | : David Attwood |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 611 |
| Release | : 2007-02-22 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1139643428 |
This detailed, comprehensive book describes the fundamental properties of soft X-rays and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation and discusses their applications in a wide variety of fields, including EUV lithography for semiconductor chip manufacture and soft X-ray biomicroscopy. The author begins by presenting the relevant basic principles such as radiation and scattering, wave propagation, diffraction, and coherence. He then goes on to examine a broad range of phenomena and applications. The topics covered include spectromicroscopy, EUV astronomy, synchrotron radiation, and soft X-ray lasers. The author also provides a wealth of useful reference material such as electron binding energies, characteristic emission lines and photo-absorption cross-sections. The book will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers in engineering, physics, chemistry, and the life sciences. It will also appeal to practising engineers involved in semiconductor fabrication and materials science.
| Author | : Tim Salditt |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 634 |
| Release | : 2020-06-09 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030344134 |
This open access book, edited and authored by a team of world-leading researchers, provides a broad overview of advanced photonic methods for nanoscale visualization, as well as describing a range of fascinating in-depth studies. Introductory chapters cover the most relevant physics and basic methods that young researchers need to master in order to work effectively in the field of nanoscale photonic imaging, from physical first principles, to instrumentation, to mathematical foundations of imaging and data analysis. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how these cutting edge methods are applied to a variety of systems, including complex fluids and biomolecular systems, for visualizing their structure and dynamics, in space and on timescales extending over many orders of magnitude down to the femtosecond range. Progress in nanoscale photonic imaging in Göttingen has been the sum total of more than a decade of work by a wide range of scientists and mathematicians across disciplines, working together in a vibrant collaboration of a kind rarely matched. This volume presents the highlights of their research achievements and serves as a record of the unique and remarkable constellation of contributors, as well as looking ahead at the future prospects in this field. It will serve not only as a useful reference for experienced researchers but also as a valuable point of entry for newcomers.
| Author | : Freddy Adams |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 493 |
| Release | : 2015-06-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0444634509 |
Chemical Imaging Analysis covers the advancements made over the last 50 years in chemical imaging analysis, including different analytical techniques and the ways they were developed and refined to link the composition and structure of manmade and natural materials at the nano/micro scale to the functional behavior at the macroscopic scale. In a development process that started in the early 1960s, a variety of specialized analytical techniques was developed – or adapted from existing techniques – and these techniques have matured into versatile and powerful tools for visualizing structural and compositional heterogeneity. This text explores that journey, providing a general overview of imaging techniques in diverse fields, including mass spectrometry, optical spectrometry including X-rays, electron microscopy, and beam techniques. - Provides comprehensive coverage of analytical techniques used in chemical imaging analysis - Explores a variety of specialized techniques - Provides a general overview of imaging techniques in diverse fields
| Author | : Eberhard J. Jaeschke |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2016-05-27 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9783319143934 |
Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution.
| Author | : Klaus D. Sattler |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 453 |
| Release | : 2020-04-02 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1000698270 |
This up-to-date reference is the most comprehensive summary of the field of nanoscience and its applications. It begins with fundamental properties at the nanoscale and then goes well beyond into the practical aspects of the design, synthesis, and use of nanomaterials in various industries. It emphasizes the vast strides made in the field over the past decade – the chapters focus on new, promising directions as well as emerging theoretical and experimental methods. The contents incorporate experimental data and graphs where appropriate, as well as supporting tables and figures with a tutorial approach.
| Author | : Ping-chin Cheng |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 429 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3642728812 |
In 1979, a conference on x-ray microscopy was organized by the New York Academy of Sciences, and in 1983, the Second Interna tional Symposium on X-ray Imaging was organized by the Akademie der Wissenschaften in Gottingen, Federal Republic of Germany. This volume contains the contributions to the symposium "X-ray Microscopy '86", held in Taipei, Taiwan, the Republic of China in August 1986. This is the first volume which intends to provide up-to date information on x-ray imaging to biologists, therefore, emphasis was given to specimen preparation techniques and image interpreta tion. Specimen preparation represents a major part of every microscopy work, therefore, it should be strongly emphasized in this emerging field of x-ray microscopy. Theoretically, x-ray microscopy offers the potential for the study of unfixed, hydrated biological ma terials. Since very few biological system can be directly observed without specimen preparation, we would like to emphasize that new information on biological specimens can only be obtained if the speci men is properly prepared. In the past decade, many of the published x-ray images were obtained from poorly prepared biological speci mens, mainly air-dried materials. Therefore, one of the goals of this conference is to bring the importance of specimen preparation to the attention of x-ray microscopy community. X-ray microscopy can be subdivided into several major areas. They are the classic x-ray projection microscope, x-ray contact imag ing (microradiography) and the more recent x-ray scanning micro scope, x-ray photoelectron microscope and x-ray imaging microscope.
| Author | : Jürgen Thieme |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 382 |
| Release | : 2013-11-09 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3642721060 |
This book is based on presentations to the International Conference of X-Ray Micro scopy and Spectromicroscopy, XRM 96, which took place in Wiirzburg, August 19- 23, 1996. The conference also celebrated the lOOth anniversary of the discovery of X rays by Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen on November 8, 1895, in Wiirzburg. This book contains state-of-the-art reviews and up-to-date progress reports in the field of X-ray microscopy and spectromicroscopy, including related new X-ray optics and X-ray sources. It reflects the lively activities within a relatively new field of science which combines the development of new instruments and methods with their applications to numerous topical scientific questions. The applications range from biological and medical topics, colloid physics, and soil sciences to solid-state physics, material sciences, and surface sciences. Their variety demonstrates the interdisci plinary and cooperative character of this field and the growing demand for micro scopic and spectromicroscopic information on the nanometer scale and under specific sample conditions, for example in wet (natural) surroundings or on a solid surface.
| Author | : Jinghua Guo |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 279 |
| Release | : 2011-09-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3527632301 |
An up-to-date overview of the different x-ray based methods in the hot fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology, including methods for imaging nanomaterials, as well as for probing the electronic structure of nanostructured materials in order to investigate their different properties. Written by authors at one of the world's top facilities working with these methods, this monograph presents and discusses techniques and applications in the fields of x-ray scattering, spectroscopy and microscope imaging. The resulting systematic collection of these advanced tools will benefit graduate students, postdocs as well as professional researchers.
| Author | : Chris Jacobsen |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 594 |
| Release | : 2019-12-19 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1107076579 |
A complete introduction to x-ray microscopy, covering optics, 3D and chemical imaging, lensless imaging, radiation damage, and applications.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 3533 |
| Release | : 2012-04-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0080957188 |
Biophysics is a rapidly-evolving interdisciplinary science that applies theories and methods of the physical sciences to questions of biology. Biophysics encompasses many disciplines, including physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology, biochemistry, medicine, pharmacology, physiology, and neuroscience, and it is essential that scientists working in these varied fields are able to understand each other's research. Comprehensive Biophysics, Nine Volume Set will help bridge that communication gap. Written by a team of researchers at the forefront of their respective fields, under the guidance of Chief Editor Edward Egelman, Comprehensive Biophysics, Nine Volume Set provides definitive introductions to a broad array of topics, uniting different areas of biophysics research - from the physical techniques for studying macromolecular structure to protein folding, muscle and molecular motors, cell biophysics, bioenergetics and more. The result is this comprehensive scientific resource - a valuable tool both for helping researchers come to grips quickly with material from related biophysics fields outside their areas of expertise, and for reinforcing their existing knowledge. Biophysical research today encompasses many areas of biology. These studies do not necessarily share a unique identifying factor. This work unites the different areas of research and allows users, regardless of their background, to navigate through the most essential concepts with ease, saving them time and vastly improving their understanding The field of biophysics counts several journals that are directly and indirectly concerned with the field. There is no reference work that encompasses the entire field and unites the different areas of research through deep foundational reviews. Comprehensive Biophysics fills this vacuum, being a definitive work on biophysics. It will help users apply context to the diverse journal literature offering, and aid them in identifying areas for further research Chief Editor Edward Egelman (E-I-C, Biophysical Journal) has assembled an impressive, world-class team of Volume Editors and Contributing Authors. Each chapter has been painstakingly reviewed and checked for consistent high quality. The result is an authoritative overview which ties the literature together and provides the user with a reliable background information and citation resource
