High Risk Body Size

High Risk Body Size
Author: Funke Baffour
Publisher: Sheldon Press
Total Pages: 107
Release: 2011-02-15
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1847091687

Many people feel they've tried everything in a vain attempt to lose weight - but make the mistake of looking at eating plans, instead of the thinking that drives their behaviour. High Risk Body Size says that diets fail in the mind, not the body, and takes an exciting, challenging look at the underlying psychological reasons for excess and unwanted weight gain. It shows how to break out of the obsession with weight, and the need for instant remedies, which may in themselves become dangers to our health, and looks at why some people opt for weight loss surgery as a desperate last remedy despite its well-publicised risks. Overweight people are often misunderstood as being weak-willed, but they may simply need to learn new ways of thinking - this book shows you how.

Body Composition and Physical Performance

Body Composition and Physical Performance
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 371
Release: 1992-02-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 030904586X

This book surveys the entire field of body composition as it relates to performance. It includes a clear definition of terminology and a discussion of the various methods for measuring body composition. The authored papers represent a state-of-the-art review of this controversial field and address questions such as: What is a better measure of body compositionâ€"body fat or lean body mass? Does being overweight for one's height really affect performance? The book also addresses the issue of physical appearance as it relates to body fatness and performance. It includes an in-depth discussion of many of the topics of interest to those involved in sports medicine and exercise physiology.

Weight Management

Weight Management
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 277
Release: 2003-12-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309089964

The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance. The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment. To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.

Saving Women's Lives

Saving Women's Lives
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2005-03-18
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309165946

The outlook for women with breast cancer has improved in recent years. Due to the combination of improved treatments and the benefits of mammography screening, breast cancer mortality has decreased steadily since 1989. Yet breast cancer remains a major problem, second only to lung cancer as a leading cause of death from cancer for women. To date, no means to prevent breast cancer has been discovered and experience has shown that treatments are most effective when a cancer is detected early, before it has spread to other tissues. These two facts suggest that the most effective way to continue reducing the death toll from breast cancer is improved early detection and diagnosis. Building on the 2001 report Mammography and Beyond, this new book not only examines ways to improve implementation and use of new and current breast cancer detection technologies but also evaluates the need to develop tools that identify women who would benefit most from early detection screening. Saving Women's Lives: Strategies for Improving Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis encourages more research that integrates the development, validation, and analysis of the types of technologies in clinical practice that promote improved risk identification techniques. In this way, methods and technologies that improve detection and diagnosis can be more effectively developed and implemented.

Physical Activity and Cancer

Physical Activity and Cancer
Author: Kerry S. Courneya
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 389
Release: 2010-11-26
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3642042317

This book explores in depth the relation between physical activity and cancer control, including primary prevention, coping with treatments, recovery after treatments, long-term survivorship, secondary prevention, and survival. The first part of the book presents the most recent research on the impact of physical activity in preventing a range of cancers. In the second part, the association between physical activity and cancer survivorship is addressed. The effects of physical activity on supportive care endpoints (e.g., quality of life, fatigue, physical functioning) and disease endpoints (e.g., biomarkers, recurrence, survival) are carefully analyzed. In addition, the determinants of physical activity in cancer survivors are discussed, and behavior change strategies for increasing physical activity in cancer survivors are appraised. The final part of the book is devoted to special topics, including the relation of physical activity to pediatric cancer survivorship and to palliative cancer care.

Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens in the Human Diet

Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens in the Human Diet
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 434
Release: 1996-03-12
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 0309053919

Despite increasing knowledge of human nutrition, the dietary contribution to cancer remains a troubling question. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens assembles the best available information on the magnitude of potential cancer riskâ€"and potential anticarcinogenic effectâ€"from naturally occurring chemicals compared with risk from synthetic chemical constituents. The committee draws important conclusions about diet and cancer, including the carcinogenic role of excess calories and fat, the anticarcinogenic benefit of fiber and other substances, and the impact of food additive regulation. The book offers recommendations for epidemiological and diet research. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens provides a readable overview of issues and addresses critical questions: Does diet contribute to an appreciable proportion of human cancer? Are there significant interactions between carcinogens and anticarcinogens in the diet? The volume discusses the mechanisms of carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic properties and considers whether techniques used to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of synthetics can be used with naturally occurring chemicals. The committee provides criteria for prioritizing the vast number of substances that need to be tested. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens clarifies the issues and sets the direction for further investigations into diet and cancer. This volume will be of interest to anyone involved in food and health issues: policymakers, regulators, researchers, nutrition professionals, and health advocates.

Georges Cuvier, Fossil Bones, and Geological Catastrophes

Georges Cuvier, Fossil Bones, and Geological Catastrophes
Author: Martin J. S. Rudwick
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2008-04-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0226731081

French zoologist Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) helped form and bring credibility to geology and paleontology. Here Martin J. S. Rudwick provides the first modern translation of Cuvier's essential writings on fossils and catastrophes and links these translated texts together with his own insightful narrative and interpretive commentary. "Martin Rudwick has done English-speaking science a considerable service by translating and commenting on Cuvier's work. . . . He guides us through Cuvier's most important writings, especially those which demonstrate his new technique of comparative anatomy."—Douglas Palmer, New Scientist

Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation

Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies
Total Pages: 436
Release: 1990-02-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309039959

This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.

Anthropometry

Anthropometry
Author: Sébastien Legrand
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2021
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9781536192698

"In Anthropometry: Types, Uses and Applications, the science of anthropometry, which deals with measurements of human size, shape and proportion, is examined in the context of obesity and overweight, common problems in developed countries and developing countries alike. An estimated 39% of the world's adult population were overweight and 13% were obese over the past 3 decades, and these problems can cause diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and several cancers. While body mass index (BMI) is commonly used as a health risk phenotype, it has several limitations because BMI does not accurately depict different components of body composition and is therefore unable to predict the prognostic effect of individual tissues. Other anthropometric measurements, such as waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and waist to height ratio (WHtR) each have their advantages and disadvantages. As such, in Chapter 1, different novel anthropometric parameters and cardiovascular risk factors among obesity adults are compared and evaluated. Chapter 2 describes a study of children aged 0-12 years conducted in the Middle Senegal River Valley (MISOES) in 1957-1958. This study was based on representative samples of children in urban and rural areas and included measurements of weight, height, arm circumference, and more. These measurements were compared with American standards and showed an overwhelming anthropometric deficit compared with standards. This study is examined in the context of other studies conducted in the region as well as in connection with economic development in the valley. Chapter 3 describes the various methods of assessing body fat and their application for obese individuals to predict the risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), and Chapter 4 reviews the effect of different modalities of physical exercise on anthropometric measurements and body composition in different populations of older adults"--