Heuristics to Optimize the Variable Ordering in Binary Decision Diagrams

Heuristics to Optimize the Variable Ordering in Binary Decision Diagrams
Author: Marvin Caspar
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 26
Release: 2021-10-19
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3346517241

Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Computer Science - Commercial Information Technology, grade: 1,0, University of Kaiserslautern, language: English, abstract: In this paper, two fault trees are examined, for which five heuristics are applied to evaluate and compare their effectiveness. The arrangement of variables in a Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) determines the size of the BDD after applying reduction rules and thus plays a decisive role in finding a compact representation of the Boolean function. Since there are already many possible arrangements with only a few variables and techniques for finding the optimal solution requiring too much time, the use of heuristics is needed. The main focus is on known approaches and especially on the dynamic method of the sifting algorithm.

Decision Diagrams for Optimization

Decision Diagrams for Optimization
Author: David Bergman
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 262
Release: 2016-11-01
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3319428497

This book introduces a novel approach to discrete optimization, providing both theoretical insights and algorithmic developments that lead to improvements over state-of-the-art technology. The authors present chapters on the use of decision diagrams for combinatorial optimization and constraint programming, with attention to general-purpose solution methods as well as problem-specific techniques. The book will be useful for researchers and practitioners in discrete optimization and constraint programming. "Decision Diagrams for Optimization is one of the most exciting developments emerging from constraint programming in recent years. This book is a compelling summary of existing results in this space and a must-read for optimizers around the world." [Pascal Van Hentenryck]

Binary Decision Diagrams

Binary Decision Diagrams
Author: Rolf Drechsler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 205
Release: 2013-04-17
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1475728921

For someone with a hammer the whole world looks like a nail. Within the last 10-13 years Binar·y Decision Diagmms (BDDs) have become the state-of-the-art data structure in VLSI CAD for representation and ma nipulation of Boolean functions. Today, BDDs are widely used and in the meantime have also been integrated in commercial tools, especially in the area of verijication and synthesis. The interest in BDDs results from the fact that the data structure is generally accepted as providing a good compromise between conciseness of representation and efficiency of manipulation. With increasing number of applications, also in non CAD areas, classical methods to handle BDDs are being improved and new questions and problems evolve and have to be solved. The book should help the reader who is not familiar with BDDs (or DDs in general) to get a quick start. On the other hand it will discuss several new aspects of BDDs, e.g. with respect to minimization and implementation of a package. This will help people working with BDDs (in industry or academia) to keep informed about recent developments in this area.

Binary Decision Diagrams and Applications for VLSI CAD

Binary Decision Diagrams and Applications for VLSI CAD
Author: Shin-ichi Minato
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 151
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461313031

Symbolic Boolean manipulation using binary decision diagrams (BDDs) has been successfully applied to a wide variety of tasks, particularly in very large scale integration (VLSI) computer-aided design (CAD). The concept of decision graphs as an abstract representation of Boolean functions dates back to the early work by Lee and Akers. In the last ten years, BDDs have found widespread use as a concrete data structure for symbolic Boolean manipulation. With BDDs, functions can be constructed, manipulated, and compared by simple and efficient graph algorithms. Since Boolean functions can represent not just digital circuit functions, but also such mathematical domains as sets and relations, a wide variety of CAD problems can be solved using BDDs. `Binary Decision Diagrams and Applications for VLSI CAD provides valuable information for both those who are new to BDDs as well as to long time aficionados.' -from the Foreword by Randal E. Bryant. `Over the past ten years ... BDDs have attracted the attention of many researchers because of their suitability for representing Boolean functions. They are now widely used in many practical VLSI CAD systems. ... this book can serve as an introduction to BDD techniques and ... it presents several new ideas on BDDs and their applications. ... many computer scientists and engineers will be interested in this book since Boolean function manipulation is a fundamental technique not only in digital system design but also in exploring various problems in computer science.' - from the Preface by Shin-ichi Minato.

Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems

Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems
Author: Tomáš Vojnar
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 426
Release: 2019-04-03
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3030174654

This book is Open Access under a CC BY licence. The LNCS 11427 and 11428 proceedings set constitutes the proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2019, which took place in Prague, Czech Republic, in April 2019, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2019. The total of 42 full and 8 short tool demo papers presented in these volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 164 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: SAT and SMT, SAT solving and theorem proving; verification and analysis; model checking; tool demo; and machine learning. Part II: concurrent and distributed systems; monitoring and runtime verification; hybrid and stochastic systems; synthesis; symbolic verification; and safety and fault-tolerant systems.

Branching Programs and Binary Decision Diagrams

Branching Programs and Binary Decision Diagrams
Author: Ingo Wegener
Publisher: SIAM
Total Pages: 418
Release: 2000-01-01
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780898719789

Finite functions (in particular, Boolean functions) play a fundamental role in computer science and discrete mathematics. This book describes representations of Boolean functions that have small size for many important functions and which allow efficient work with the represented functions. The representation size of important and selected functions is estimated, upper and lower bound techniques are studied, efficient algorithms for operations on these representations are presented, and the limits of those techniques are considered. This book is the first comprehensive description of theory and applications. Research areas like complexity theory, efficient algorithms, data structures, and discrete mathematics will benefit from the theory described in this book. The results described within have applications in verification, computer-aided design, model checking, and discrete mathematics. This is the only book to investigate the representation size of Boolean functions and efficient algorithms on these representations.

Computational Methods in Systems Biology

Computational Methods in Systems Biology
Author: Pierpaolo Degano
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 337
Release: 2009-08-17
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3642038441

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Systems Biology, CMSB 2009, held in Bologna, Italy, August 31 - September 1, 2009. The 18 revised full papers presented together with the summaries of 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 45 submissions. The papers cover theoretical or applied contributions that are motivated by a biological question focusing on modeling approaches, including process algebra, simulation approaches, analysis methods, in particular model checking and flux analysis, and case studies.

Design of Embedded Control Systems

Design of Embedded Control Systems
Author: Marian Andrzej Adamski
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 267
Release: 2006-11-22
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0387283277

A set of original results in the ?eld of high-level design of logical control devices and systems is presented in this book. These concern different aspects of such important and long-term design problems, including the following, which seem to be the main ones. First, the behavior of a device under design must be described properly, and some adequate formal language should be chosen for that. Second, effective algorithmsshouldbeusedforcheckingtheprepareddescriptionforcorrectness, foritssyntacticandsemanticveri?cationattheinitialbehaviorlevel.Third,the problem of logic circuit implementation must be solved using some concrete technological base; ef?cient methods of logic synthesis, test, and veri?cation should be developed for that. Fourth, the task of the communication between the control device and controlled objects (and maybe between different control devices)waitsforitssolution.Alltheseproblemsarehardenoughandcannotbe successfully solved without ef?cient methods and algorithms oriented toward computer implementation. Some of these are described in this book. The languages used for behavior description have been descended usually from two well-known abstract models which became classic: Petri nets and ?nite state machines (FSMs). Anyhow, more detailed versions are developed and described in the book, which enable to give more complete information concerningspeci?cqualitiesoftheregardedsystems.Forexample,themodelof parallelautomatonispresented,whichunliketheconventional?niteautomaton can be placed simultaneously into several places, calledpartial. As a base for circuit implementation of control algorithms, FPGA is accepted in majority of cases.

Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization

Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization
Author: Eckart Zitzler
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 725
Release: 2003-06-29
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 3540447199

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi-Criterion Optimization, EMO 2001, held in Zurich, Switzerland in March 2001. The 45 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 87 submissions. Also included are two tutorial surveys and two invited papers. The book is organized in topical sections on algorithm improvements, performance assessment and comparison, constraint handling and problem decomposition, uncertainty and noise, hybrid and alternative methods, scheduling, and applications of multi-objective optimization in a variety of fields.