Hedging in Scientific Research Articles

Hedging in Scientific Research Articles
Author: Ken Hyland
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Total Pages: 319
Release: 1998-03-15
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027282587

This book provides a comprehensive study of hedging in academic research papers, relating a systematic analysis of forms to a pragmatic explanation for their use. Based on a detailed examination of journal articles and interviews with research scientists, the study shows that the extensive use of possibility and tentativeness in research writing is intimately connected to the social and institutional practices of academic communities and is at the heart of how knowledge comes to be socially accredited through texts. The study identifies the major forms, functions and distribution of hedges and explores the research article genre in detail to present an explanatory framework based on a complex social and ideological interpretive environment. The results show that hedging is central to Scientific argument, individual scientists and, ultimately, to science itself. The importance of hedging to student writers is also recognised and a chapter devoted to teaching implications.

Hedging in Scientific Research Articles

Hedging in Scientific Research Articles
Author: Ken Hyland
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Total Pages: 318
Release: 1998-01-01
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027250677

This book provides a comprehensive study of hedging in academic research papers, relating a systematic analysis of forms to a pragmatic explanation for their use. Based on a detailed examination of journal articles and interviews with research scientists, the study shows that the extensive use of possibility and tentativeness in research writing is intimately connected to the social and institutional practices of academic communities and is at the heart of how knowledge comes to be socially accredited through texts. The study identifies the major forms, functions and distribution of hedges and explores the research article genre in detail to present an explanatory framework based on a complex social and ideological interpretive environment. The results show that hedging is central to Scientific argument, individual scientists and, ultimately, to science itself. The importance of hedging to student writers is also recognised and a chapter devoted to teaching implications.

Hedging in Scientific Research Articles

Hedging in Scientific Research Articles
Author: Ken Hyland
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1998
Genre: Research
ISBN: 9781556198168

Hedging is central to academic writing as it expresses possibility rather than certainty and collegiality rather than presumption. It is one means by which writers manage this pragmatic dimension of discourse and this text attempts to shed light on the use of hedging in published scientific papers. The author argues that: hedges are employed to overcome the inherent negatability of statements and gain the reader's acceptance of a knowledge claim; hedges can emphasize an orientation to either the proposition or the reader; the epistemic and affective functions of hedges are often conveyed simultaneously and that this indeterminacy prevents the formation of discrete descriptive categories; and hedging in scientific research writing is the product of informational, rhetorical and personal choices and cannot be fully understood in insolation from its social and institutional contexts.

Computing Attitude and Affect in Text: Theory and Applications

Computing Attitude and Affect in Text: Theory and Applications
Author: James G. Shanahan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 346
Release: 2006-01-17
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1402041020

Human Language Technology (HLT) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems have typically focused on the “factual” aspect of content analysis. Other aspects, including pragmatics, opinion, and style, have received much less attention. However, to achieve an adequate understanding of a text, these aspects cannot be ignored. The chapters in this book address the aspect of subjective opinion, which includes identifying different points of view, identifying different emotive dimensions, and classifying text by opinion. Various conceptual models and computational methods are presented. The models explored in this book include the following: distinguishing attitudes from simple factual assertions; distinguishing between the author’s reports from reports of other people’s opinions; and distinguishing between explicitly and implicitly stated attitudes. In addition, many applications are described that promise to benefit from the ability to understand attitudes and affect, including indexing and retrieval of documents by opinion; automatic question answering about opinions; analysis of sentiment in the media and in discussion groups about consumer products, political issues, etc. ; brand and reputation management; discovering and predicting consumer and voting trends; analyzing client discourse in therapy and counseling; determining relations between scientific texts by finding reasons for citations; generating more appropriate texts and making agents more believable; and creating writers’ aids. The studies reported here are carried out on different languages such as English, French, Japanese, and Portuguese. Difficult challenges remain, however. It can be argued that analyzing attitude and affect in text is an “NLP”-complete problem.

Hedging and Discourse

Hedging and Discourse
Author: Raija Markkanen
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Total Pages: 293
Release: 2010-10-06
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110807335

Hedging in Scientific and Humanistic Texts

Hedging in Scientific and Humanistic Texts
Author: Ayatay Khalilzadehtabrizi
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Total Pages: 104
Release: 2011-05
Genre:
ISBN: 9783844395624

Hedges are a significant resource for academics. However, we know little about how hedging is expressed or the functions it serves in different disciplines or genres. English for Specific Purposes (ESP) students are often advised to avoid hedges and to adopt a detached style in their writings. The ability to hedge statements appropriately is essential to effective academic success. In this paper we explores the importance and frequency of hedges in research articles in two different disciplines (humanistic and scientific). It presents the results of a review of 60 research articles, discussing the importance, frequency and realization of hedges in both scientific and humanistic articles. Thirty scientific and thirty humanistic articles are selected from journals and compared to identify the frequency of hedges used in both kinds of texts. The results show that it is the humanistic texts which are mostly frequented according to the use of hedges in comparison with scientific texts. This study can, therefore, make an important contribution to the understanding of the practical reasoning and persuasion in scientific and humanistic writing.

Writing Scientific Research Articles

Writing Scientific Research Articles
Author: Margaret Cargill
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 185
Release: 2011-09-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1444356216

"Margaret Cargill's background as a linguist and research communications educator and Patrick O'Connor's experience as both research scientist and educator synergize to improve both the science and art of scientific writing. If the authors' goal is to give scientists the tools to write and publish compelling, well documented, clear narratives that convey their work honestly and in proper context, they have succeeded admirably." Veterinary Pathology, July 2009 "[The book is] clearly written, has a logical step-by-step structure, is easy to read and contains a lot of sensible advice about how to get scientific work published in international journals. The book is a most useful addition to the literature covering scientific writing." Aquaculture International, April 2009 Writing Scientific Research Articles: Strategy and Steps guides authors in how to write, as well as what to write, to improve their chances of having their articles accepted for publication in international, peer reviewed journals. The book is designed for scientists who use English as a first or an additional language; for research students and those who teach them paper writing skills; and for early-career researchers wanting to hone their skills as authors and mentors. It provides clear processes for selecting target journals and writing each section of a manuscript, starting with the results. The stepwise learning process uses practical exercises to develop writing and data presentation skills through analysis of well-written example papers. Strategies are presented for responding to referee comments, as well as ideas for developing discipline-specific English language skills for manuscript writing. The book is designed for use by individuals or in a class setting. Visit the companion site at www.writeresearch.com.au for more information.

Stance and Voice in Written Academic Genres

Stance and Voice in Written Academic Genres
Author: Carmen Sancho Guinda
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 246
Release: 2012-09-24
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 1137030828

Stance and Voice in Written Academic Genres brings together a range of perspectives on two of the most important and contested concepts in applied linguistics: stance and voice. International experts provide an accessible, yet authoritative introduction to key issues and debates surrounding these terms.

Genre and Second Language Writing

Genre and Second Language Writing
Author: Ken Hyland
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Total Pages: 261
Release: 2004-09-14
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0472030140

An expert in the field addresses a hard-to-grasp concept for new writing teachers