Group Duties

Group Duties
Author: Stephanie Collins
Publisher:
Total Pages: 229
Release: 2019
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0198840276

Moral duties are regularly attributed to groups. Does this make conceptual sense or is this merely political rhetoric? And what are the implications for these individuals within groups? Collins outlines a Tripartite Model of group duties that can target political demands at the right entities, in the right way and for the right reasons.

Group Duties

Group Duties
Author: Stephanie Collins
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 229
Release: 2019-07-04
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0192576577

Moral duties are regularly attributed to groups. In the media or on the street, we might hear that a specific country has a moral duty to defend human rights, that environmentalists have a moral duty to push for global systemic reform, or that the affluent have a moral duty to alleviate poverty. Do such attributions make conceptual sense or are they mere political rhetoric? And what does that imply for the individual members of these groups? Group Duties offers the first comprehensive answer to these questions. Stephanie Collins defends a Tripartite Model of group duties - so-called because it divides groups into three fundamental categories. First, we have combinations - collections of agents that don't have any goals or decision-making procedures in common. These groups cannot bear moral duties. Instead, we should re-cast their purported duties as a series of duties, one held by each agent in the combination. Each duty demands its bearer to 'I-reason': to do the best they can, given whatever they happen to believe the others will do. Second, there are groups whose members share goals but lack decision-making procedures. These are coalitions. Coalitions also cannot bear duties, but their alleged duties should be replaced with members' several duties to 'we-reason': to do one's part in a particular group pattern of actions, on the presumption that others will do likewise. Third and finally, collectives have group-level procedures for making decisions. They can bear duties. Collectives' duties imply duties for collectives' members to use their role in the collective with a view to the collective doing its duty. With the Tripartite Model in-hand, Collins argues that we can target our political demands at the right entities, in the right way, for the right reasons.

Corporate Governance Duties and Responsibilities of Boards in Company Groups

Corporate Governance Duties and Responsibilities of Boards in Company Groups
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 111
Release: 2020-06-03
Genre:
ISBN: 9264401458

This publication provides an overview of the duties and responsibilities of boards in company groups across 45 jurisdictions. The introduction outlines the global landscape of company groups, their economic role and the principal challenges they present with respect to corporate governance polices.

The Role of the Self Help Groups in Transforming the Lives of the Poor in Bidar District of Karnataka

The Role of the Self Help Groups in Transforming the Lives of the Poor in Bidar District of Karnataka
Author: Dr. Sharnappa S. Malgond
Publisher: Lulu.com
Total Pages: 174
Release: 2019-07-09
Genre: Education
ISBN: 035975564X

As there is growing trend of crisis in lives of the poor, a new kind of reaction is being shown that the poor can also be efficient and effective under varying socio-economic and political circumstances through their own participatory organizations. In fact, they are able to save, invest, create assets and attain an extreme level of human development as they begin to assert their own rights for which they are entitled.

Individuality and the Group

Individuality and the Group
Author: Tom Postmes
Publisher: SAGE
Total Pages: 300
Release: 2006-06-12
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 9781412903219

Social identity research has transformed psychology and the social sciences. Developed around intergroup relations, perspectives on social identity have now been applied fruitfully to a diverse array of topics and domains, including health, organizations and management, culture, politics and group dynamics. In many of these new areas, the focus has been on groups, but also very much on the autonomous individual. This has been an exciting development, and has prompted a rethinking of the relationship between personal identity and social identity - the issue of individuality in the group. This book brings together an international selection of prominent researchers at the forefront of this development. They reflect on this issue of individuality in the group, and on how thinking about social identity has changed. Together, these chapters chart a key development in the field: how social identity perspectives inform understanding of cohesion, unity and collective action, but also how they help us understand individuality, agency, autonomy, disagreement, and diversity within groups. This text is valuable to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students studying social psychology where intergroup relations and group processes are a central component. Given its wider reach, however, it will also be of interest to those in cognate disciplines where social identity perspectives have application potential.

The World Trade Organization

The World Trade Organization
Author: International Trade Law Center
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 3142
Release: 2007-12-31
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0387226885

The editors have succeeded in bringing together an excellent mix of leading scholars and practitioners. No book on the WTO has had this wide a scope before or covered the legal framework, economic and political issues, current and would-be countries and a outlook to the future like these three volumes do. 3000 pages, 80 chapters in 3 volumes cover a very interdiscplinary field that touches upon law, economics and politics.

Ethics, the Science of Oughtness

Ethics, the Science of Oughtness
Author: Archie J. Bahm
Publisher: Rodopi
Total Pages: 216
Release: 1994
Genre: Caring
ISBN: 9789051835960

This book makes a forceful case for the scientific aspirations of ethics and for the necessity of ethics to our humanity. It is written as a challenge to those who are reluctant to recognize that science can deal decisively with questions in ethical theory. It throws new light on group responsibilities, apparent oughtness, and the responsibility we have for expanding our awareness of responsibilities.

Paradigms of International Human Rights Law

Paradigms of International Human Rights Law
Author: Aaron Xavier Fellmeth
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 313
Release: 2016-06-30
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0190611286

Paradigms of International Human Rights Law explores the legal, ethical, and other policy consequences of three core structural features of international human rights law: the focus on individual rights instead of duties; the division of rights into substantive and nondiscrimination categories; and the use of positive and negative right paradigms. Part I explains the types of individual, corporate, and state duties available, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of incorporating each type of duty into the world public order, with special attention to supplementing individual rights with explicit individual and state duties. Part II evaluates how substantive rights and nondiscrimination rights are used to protect similar values through different channels; summarizes the nondiscrimination right in international practice; proposes refinements; and explains how the paradigms synergize. Part III discusses negative and positive paradigms by dispelling a common misconception about positive rights, and then justifies and defines the concept of negative rights, justifies positive rights, and concludes with a discussion of the ethical consequences of structuring the human rights system on a purely negative paradigm. For each set of alternatives, the author analyzes how human rights law incorporates the paradigms, the technical legal implications of the various alternatives, and the ethical and other policy consequences of using each alternative while dispelling common misconceptions about the paradigms and considering the arguments justifying or opposing one or the other.

The Epistemic Life of Groups

The Epistemic Life of Groups
Author: Michael S. Brady
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2016-03-03
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0191077739

Social epistemology has been flourishing in recent years, expanding and making connections with political philosophy, virtue epistemology, philosophy of science, and feminist philosophy. The philosophy of the social world too is flourishing, with burgeoning work in the metaphysics of the social world, collective responsibility, group action, and group belief. The new philosophical vista now more clearly presenting itself is collective epistemology—the epistemology of groups and institutions. Groups engage in epistemic activity all the time—whether it be the active collective inquiry of scientific research groups or crime detection units, or the evidential deliberations of tribunals and juries, or the informational efforts of the voting population in general—and yet in philosophy there is still relatively little epistemology of groups to help explore these epistemic practices and their various dimensions of social and philosophical significance. The aim of this book is to address this lack, by presenting original essays in the field of collective epistemology, exploring these regions of epistemic practice and their significance for Epistemology, Political Philosophy, Ethics, and the Philosophy of Science.