Genetic Characterization Of Us Honey Bee Populations
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Biogeography and Taxonomy of Honeybees
Author | : Friedrich Ruttner |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 292 |
Release | : 2013-03-09 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3642726496 |
Honeybees are as small as flies or as large as hornets, nesting in nar row cavities of trees and rocks or in the open on large limbs of trees 30 m above ground. They occur in tropical zones and in the forests of the Ural mountains, they survive seven months of winter and even longer periods of drought and heat. Historically, they lived through a extended time of stagnation in the tropics from the mid-Tertiary, but then experienced an explosive evolution during the Pleistocene, re sulting in the conquest of huge new territories and the origin of two dozen subspecies in Apis mellifera. This vast geographic and ecologic diversification of the genus Apis was accompanied by a rich morphological variation, less on the level of species than at the lowest rank, the subspecies level. Variation being exclusively of a quantitative kind at this first step of speciation, tradi tional descriptive methods of systematics proved to be unsatisfactory, and honeybee taxonomy finally ended up in a confusing multitude of inadequately described units. Effective methods of morphometric-sta tistical analysis of honeybee popUlations, centered on limited areas, have been developed during the last decades. Only the numerical characterization of the populations, together with the description of behavior, shows the true geographic variability and will end current generalizations and convenient stereotypes.
Asian Honey Bees
Author | : Benjamin P. Oldroyd |
Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
Total Pages | : 374 |
Release | : 2009-06-01 |
Genre | : Nature |
ISBN | : 9780674041622 |
The familiar European hive bee, Apis mellifera, has long dominated honey bee research. But in the last 15 years, teams in China, Japan, Malaysia, and Thailand began to shift focus to the indigenous Asian honey bees. Benjamin Oldroyd, well known for his work on the genetics and evolution of worker sterility, has teamed with Siriwat Wongsiri, a pioneer of the study of bees in Thailand, to provide a comparative work synthesizing the rapidly expanding Asian honey bee literature. After introducing the species, the authors review evolution and speciation, division of labor, communication, and nest defense. They underscore the pressures colonies face from pathogens, parasites, and predators--including man--and detail the long and amazing history of the honey hunt. This book provides a cornerstone for future investigations on these species, insights into the evolution across species, and a direction for conservation efforts to protect these keystone species of Asia's tropical forests.
Evidence for Genetic Differences in the Africanized Honey Bee Populations of South and North America
Author | : Fatimah S. Alhamlan |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 25 |
Release | : 2007 |
Genre | : Africanized honeybee |
ISBN | : |
Old World Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera) Populations
Author | : Megan Alana Taylor |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 105 |
Release | : 2016 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Based on microsatellite analysis, Old World honey bee subspecies (A. m. ligustica, A. m. carnica, and A. m. caucasica) had similar levels of overall allelic richness compared to U.S. commercial strains and New World feral populations. However, Old World subspecies contained almost half (47%) of all unique alleles found. The remainder were distributed among U.S. commercial strains (15%) and New World feral populations (38%). Unfortunately, because feral populations have been largely reduced due to the parasitic mite Varroa destructor, U.S. commercial queen producer strains are a more realistic predictor of current genetic diversity within the U.S. Results also indicated that there were significant losses in overall allelic richness through time (QP 2015 vs QP 2004 and QP 1994; p
Asian Beekeeping in the 21st Century
Author | : Panuwan Chantawannakul |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 321 |
Release | : 2018-06-01 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9811082227 |
From the perspective of local scientists, this book provides insight into bees and bee management of Asia, with a special focus on honey bees. Asia is home to at least nine honey bee species, including the introduced European honey bee, Apis mellifera. Although A. mellifera and the native Asian honey bee, Apis cerana, are the most commonly employed species for commercial beekeeping, the remaining non-managed native honey bee species have important ecological and economic roles on the continent. Species distributions of most honey bee species overlap in Southeast Asia, thus promoting the potential for interspecies transmission of pests and parasites, as well as their spread to other parts of the world by human translocation. Losses of managed A. mellifera colonies is of great concern around the world, including in Asia. Such global colony losses are believed to be caused, in part, by pests and parasites originating from Asia such as the mite Varroa destructor, the microsporidian Nosema ceranae, and several bee viruses. Taking advantage of the experience of leading regional bee researchers, this book provides insight into the current situation of bees and bee management in Asia. Recent introductions of honey bee parasites of Asian origin to other parts of the world ensures that the contents of this book are broadly relevant to bee scientists, researchers, government offi cials, and the general public around the world.
Status of Pollinators in North America
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 327 |
Release | : 2007-05-13 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0309102898 |
Pollinators-insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the female parts of flowers for plant reproduction-are an essential part of natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout North America. For example, most fruit, vegetable, and seed crops and some crops that provide fiber, drugs, and fuel depend on animals for pollination. This report provides evidence for the decline of some pollinator species in North America, including America's most important managed pollinator, the honey bee, as well as some butterflies, bats, and hummingbirds. For most managed and wild pollinator species, however, population trends have not been assessed because populations have not been monitored over time. In addition, for wild species with demonstrated declines, it is often difficult to determine the causes or consequences of their decline. This report outlines priorities for research and monitoring that are needed to improve information on the status of pollinators and establishes a framework for conservation and restoration of pollinator species and communities.
Bee Genetics and Breeding
Author | : Thomas E. Rinderer |
Publisher | : Academic Press |
Total Pages | : 443 |
Release | : 2013-09-03 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1483270033 |
Bee Genetics and Breeding provides an overview of the state of knowledge in bee genetics and breeding. The book is organized into two parts. Part I deals with the scholarly issues of bee genetics. It is intended as a reference source for students of both bees and genetics. It could also serve as a text for university courses in bee genetics. Topics discussed include the evolution of eusocial insects; geographical variability and classification of honey bees; and behavioral and biochemical genetics of honey bees. Part II deals more specifically with the practical issues of bee breeding. The discussions include the quantitative genetics of honey bees; ways to define and measure honey-bee characteristics so that the "best" parents for honey-bee stock improvement programs can be selected; and mating designs. This section contains sufficient guidance for bee breeders to initiate or improve breeding programs. Apiculturalists generally will find this part especially interesting since the quality of their own bee stock depends on the skills and knowledge of the breeders who produce their queens.