Rare and Complex Urology combines information on clinical aspects, network developments and patient journeys in specific rare and complex urological diseases within the ERN (European Reference Network) template structure, allowing for better diagnosis, treatment and patient outcome. Each chapter contains an introduction on specific diseases with representative clinical images followed by a clinical view on treatment options (non-surgical and surgical) with clear schema and drawings; nurse specialist views on current care, patient views on the lifelong journey and expected development and research innovations for the future. Diseases covered include those of the bladder, stone and kidney diseases, malformations, pelvic floor disorders, the female urethra, reconstruction, surgery, cancers and rare tumors. This is a must have reference for basic scientists interested in engaging in translational urology and surgery and well as urologists seeking guidance on how to implement novel research. Provides a foundation for many rare urogenital diseases and complex conditions with contributions from high-volume centres monitored by ERN eUROGEN Combines in-depth research findings with clinical information to supply state-of-the-art care solutions for rare and complex aspects of urology Removes the uncertainty of managing rare and complex urogenital cases and variations in practice