From Scarcity To Visibility
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| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 338 |
| Release | : 2001-11-16 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0309055806 |
Although women have made important inroads in science and engineering since the early 1970s, their progress in these fields has stalled over the past several years. This study looks at women in science and engineering careers in the 1970s and 1980s, documenting differences in career outcomes between men and women and between women of different races and ethnic backgrounds. The panel presents what is known about the following questions and explores their policy implications: In what sectors are female Ph.D.s employed? What salary disparities exist between men and women in these fields? How is marital status associated with career attainment? Does it help a career to have a postdoctoral appointment? How well are female scientists and engineers represented in management? Within the broader context of education and the labor market, the book provides detailed comparisons between men and women Ph.D.s in a number of measures: financial support for education, academic rank achieved, salary, and others. The study covers engineering; the mathematical, physical, life, and social and behavioral sciences; medical school faculty; and recipients of National Institutes of Health grants. Findings and recommendations in this volume will be of interest to practitioners, faculty, and students in science and engineering as well as education administrators, employers, and researchers in these fields.
| Author | : Policy and Global Affairs |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 60 |
| Release | : 1999-12-17 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309067847 |
This report summarizes discussions and insights from the workshop on Overcoming Barriers to Collaborative Research held March 23-24, 1998, in Irvine, California. The workshop was organized by the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss barriers to university-industry cooperation and to explore concrete approaches to overcoming them. Practitioners from universities and industry, as well as government policy makers, participated in the two-day workshop.
| Author | : United States. War Department |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 706 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Judith Samsom McIlwee |
| Publisher | : SUNY Press |
| Total Pages | : 276 |
| Release | : 1992-01-01 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 9780791408698 |
Who are the women who became engineers in the 1970s and 1980s? How have they fared in the most male-dominated profession in America? This is the first book to answer these questions. It explores the backgrounds, family lives, work experiences, and attitudes of engineers in order to explain the unequal patterns of career development for women, who generally hold lower positions and receive fewer promotions than their male counterparts. McIlwee and Robinson synthesize two theoretical approaches frequently used to explain the status of women in the workforce--gender role and structural theories--providing new insights into improving women's careers in traditionally male occupations.
| Author | : Homer A. Neal |
| Publisher | : Kris Nia |
| Total Pages | : 400 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Jill M. Bystydzienski |
| Publisher | : Indiana University Press |
| Total Pages | : 364 |
| Release | : 2006-03-20 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780253111739 |
Movement into academic science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields has been slow for women and minorities. Not only are women and minorities underrepresented in STEM careers, there is strong evidence that many academic departments are resistant to addressing the concerns that keep them from entering careers in these fields. In light of recent controversies surrounding these issues, this volume, examining reasons for the persistence of barriers that block the full participation and advancement of underrepresented groups in the sciences and addressing how academic departments and universities can remedy the situation, is particularly timely. As a whole, the volume shows positive examples of institutions and departments that have been transformed by the inclusion of women and recommends a set of best practices for continuing growth in positive directions.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 384 |
| Release | : 2010-06-18 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 030915586X |
Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty presents new and surprising findings about career differences between female and male full-time, tenure-track, and tenured faculty in science, engineering, and mathematics at the nation's top research universities. Much of this congressionally mandated book is based on two unique surveys of faculty and departments at major U.S. research universities in six fields: biology, chemistry, civil engineering, electrical engineering, mathematics, and physics. A departmental survey collected information on departmental policies, recent tenure and promotion cases, and recent hires in almost 500 departments. A faculty survey gathered information from a stratified, random sample of about 1,800 faculty on demographic characteristics, employment experiences, the allocation of institutional resources such as laboratory space, professional activities, and scholarly productivity. This book paints a timely picture of the status of female faculty at top universities, clarifies whether male and female faculty have similar opportunities to advance and succeed in academia, challenges some commonly held views, and poses several questions still in need of answers. This book will be of special interest to university administrators and faculty, graduate students, policy makers, professional and academic societies, federal funding agencies, and others concerned with the vitality of the U.S. research base and economy.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 380 |
| Release | : 1999-12-09 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0309086388 |
World human population is expected to reach upwards of 9 billion by 2050 and then level off over the next half-century. How can the transition to a stabilizing population also be a transition to sustainability? How can science and technology help to ensure that human needs are met while the planet's environment is nurtured and restored? Our Common Journey examines these momentous questions to draw strategic connections between scientific research, technological development, and societies' efforts to achieve environmentally sustainable improvements in human well being. The book argues that societies should approach sustainable development not as a destination but as an ongoing, adaptive learning process. Speaking to the next two generations, it proposes a strategy for using scientific and technical knowledge to better inform future action in the areas of fertility reduction, urban systems, agricultural production, energy and materials use, ecosystem restoration and biodiversity conservation, and suggests an approach for building a new research agenda for sustainability science. Our Common Journey documents large-scale historical currents of social and environmental change and reviews methods for "what if" analysis of possible future development pathways and their implications for sustainability. The book also identifies the greatest threats to sustainabilityâ€"in areas such as human settlements, agriculture, industry, and energyâ€"and explores the most promising opportunities for circumventing or mitigating these threats. It goes on to discuss what indicators of change, from children's birth-weights to atmosphere chemistry, will be most useful in monitoring a transition to sustainability.
| Author | : Leonid Karlinsky |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 784 |
| Release | : 2023-02-14 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3031250567 |
The 8-volume set, comprising the LNCS books 13801 until 13809, constitutes the refereed proceedings of 38 out of the 60 workshops held at the 17th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2022. The conference took place in Tel Aviv, Israel, during October 23-27, 2022; the workshops were held hybrid or online. The 367 full papers included in this volume set were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the ECCV 2022 workshop proceedings. They were organized in individual parts as follows: Part I: W01 - AI for Space; W02 - Vision for Art; W03 - Adversarial Robustness in the Real World; W04 - Autonomous Vehicle Vision Part II: W05 - Learning With Limited and Imperfect Data; W06 - Advances in Image Manipulation; Part III: W07 - Medical Computer Vision; W08 - Computer Vision for Metaverse; W09 - Self-Supervised Learning: What Is Next?; Part IV: W10 - Self-Supervised Learning for Next-Generation Industry-Level Autonomous Driving; W11 - ISIC Skin Image Analysis; W12 - Cross-Modal Human-Robot Interaction; W13 - Text in Everything; W14 - BioImage Computing; W15 - Visual Object-Oriented Learning Meets Interaction: Discovery, Representations, and Applications; W16 - AI for Creative Video Editing and Understanding; W17 - Visual Inductive Priors for Data-Efficient Deep Learning; W18 - Mobile Intelligent Photography and Imaging; Part V: W19 - People Analysis: From Face, Body and Fashion to 3D Virtual Avatars; W20 - Safe Artificial Intelligence for Automated Driving; W21 - Real-World Surveillance: Applications and Challenges; W22 - Affective Behavior Analysis In-the-Wild; Part VI: W23 - Visual Perception for Navigation in Human Environments: The JackRabbot Human Body Pose Dataset and Benchmark; W24 - Distributed Smart Cameras; W25 - Causality in Vision; W26 - In-Vehicle Sensing and Monitorization; W27 - Assistive Computer Vision and Robotics; W28 - Computational Aspects of Deep Learning; Part VII: W29 - Computer Vision for Civil and Infrastructure Engineering; W30 - AI-Enabled Medical Image Analysis: Digital Pathology and Radiology/COVID19; W31 - Compositional and Multimodal Perception; Part VIII: W32 - Uncertainty Quantification for Computer Vision; W33 - Recovering 6D Object Pose; W34 - Drawings and Abstract Imagery: Representation and Analysis; W35 - Sign Language Understanding; W36 - A Challenge for Out-of-Distribution Generalization in Computer Vision; W37 - Vision With Biased or Scarce Data; W38 - Visual Object Tracking Challenge.
| Author | : Paul A. Djupe |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 321 |
| Release | : 2022 |
| Genre | : Social sciences |
| ISBN | : 0197611915 |
"This chapter introduces our holistic view of knowledge production in sociology and political science. Enlarging our view beyond the individualistic publication pipeline metaphor, we press the conception of academics as citizens of a knowledge polity with rights and responsibilities. Knowledge production does not just mean research, but encompasses teaching, reviewing, blogging, commenting, and other activities, which signal its communal nature. We then advance an explanation for knowledge production that situates academics in institutional and social contexts - including the family - while maintaining individual agency. We search for inequalities by gender and racial/ethnic identification, but are careful to consider the changing compositions of political science and sociology (both are diversifying steadily) and different situations (e.g., faculty rank) when making comparisons. The chapter describes our PASS study, which sampled academic departments and surveyed 1,700 faculty in 2017. Respondent reports were linked with data on lifetime publications, Twitter activity and other data"--
